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DBMS > Apache Druid vs. Microsoft Azure Data Explorer vs. OrientDB vs. Splunk

System Properties Comparison Apache Druid vs. Microsoft Azure Data Explorer vs. OrientDB vs. Splunk

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Editorial information provided by DB-Engines
NameApache Druid  Xexclude from comparisonMicrosoft Azure Data Explorer  Xexclude from comparisonOrientDB  Xexclude from comparisonSplunk  Xexclude from comparison
DescriptionOpen-source analytics data store designed for sub-second OLAP queries on high dimensionality and high cardinality dataFully managed big data interactive analytics platformMulti-model DBMS (Document, Graph, Key/Value)Analytics Platform for Big Data
Primary database modelRelational DBMS
Time Series DBMS
Relational DBMS infocolumn orientedDocument store
Graph DBMS
Key-value store
Search engine
Secondary database modelsDocument store infoIf a column is of type dynamic docs.microsoft.com/­en-us/­azure/­kusto/­query/­scalar-data-types/­dynamic then it's possible to add arbitrary JSON documents in this cell
Event Store infothis is the general usage pattern at Microsoft. Billing, Logs, Telemetry events are stored in ADX and the state of an individual entity is defined by the arg_max(timestamps)
Spatial DBMS
Search engine infosupport for complex search expressions docs.microsoft.com/­en-us/­azure/­kusto/­query/­parseoperator FTS, Geospatial docs.microsoft.com/­en-us/­azure/­kusto/­query/­geo-point-to-geohash-function distributed search -> ADX acts as a distributed search engine
Time Series DBMS infosee docs.microsoft.com/­en-us/­azure/­data-explorer/­time-series-analysis
DB-Engines Ranking infomeasures the popularity of database management systemsranking trend
Trend Chart
Score3.25
Rank#90  Overall
#47  Relational DBMS
#7  Time Series DBMS
Score3.80
Rank#81  Overall
#43  Relational DBMS
Score3.25
Rank#89  Overall
#16  Document stores
#6  Graph DBMS
#13  Key-value stores
Score89.10
Rank#14  Overall
#2  Search engines
Websitedruid.apache.orgazure.microsoft.com/­services/­data-explorerorientdb.orgwww.splunk.com
Technical documentationdruid.apache.org/­docs/­latest/­designdocs.microsoft.com/­en-us/­azure/­data-explorerwww.orientdb.com/­docs/­last/­index.htmldocs.splunk.com/­Documentation/­Splunk
DeveloperApache Software Foundation and contributorsMicrosoftOrientDB LTD; CallidusCloud; SAPSplunk Inc.
Initial release2012201920102003
Current release29.0.1, April 2024cloud service with continuous releases3.2.29, March 2024
License infoCommercial or Open SourceOpen Source infoApache license v2commercialOpen Source infoApache version 2commercial infoLimited free edition and free developer edition available
Cloud-based only infoOnly available as a cloud servicenoyesnono
DBaaS offerings (sponsored links) infoDatabase as a Service

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Implementation languageJavaJava
Server operating systemsLinux
OS X
Unix
hostedAll OS with a Java JDK (>= JDK 6)Linux
OS X
Solaris
Windows
Data schemeyes infoschema-less columns are supportedFixed schema with schema-less datatypes (dynamic)schema-free infoSchema can be enforced for whole record ("schema-full") or for some fields only ("schema-hybrid")yes
Typing infopredefined data types such as float or dateyesyes infobool, datetime, dynamic, guid, int, long, real, string, timespan, double: docs.microsoft.com/­en-us/­azure/­kusto/­query/­scalar-data-typesyesyes
XML support infoSome form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.noyesnoyes
Secondary indexesyesall fields are automatically indexedyesyes
SQL infoSupport of SQLSQL for queryingKusto Query Language (KQL), SQL subsetSQL-like query language, no joinsno infoSplunk Search Processing Language for search commands
APIs and other access methodsJDBC
RESTful HTTP/JSON API
Microsoft SQL Server communication protocol (MS-TDS)
RESTful HTTP API
Tinkerpop technology stack with Blueprints, Gremlin, Pipes
Java API
RESTful HTTP/JSON API
HTTP REST
Supported programming languagesClojure
JavaScript
PHP
Python
R
Ruby
Scala
.Net
Go
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
PowerShell
Python
R
.Net
C
C#
C++
Clojure
Java
JavaScript
JavaScript (Node.js)
PHP
Python
Ruby
Scala
C#
Java
JavaScript
PHP
Python
Ruby
Server-side scripts infoStored proceduresnoYes, possible languages: KQL, Python, RJava, Javascriptyes
Triggersnoyes infosee docs.microsoft.com/­en-us/­azure/­kusto/­management/­updatepolicyHooksyes
Partitioning methods infoMethods for storing different data on different nodesSharding infomanual/auto, time-basedSharding infoImplicit feature of the cloud serviceShardingSharding
Replication methods infoMethods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodesyes, via HDFS, S3 or other storage enginesyes infoImplicit feature of the cloud service. Replication either local, cross-facility or geo-redundant.Multi-source replicationMulti-source replication
MapReduce infoOffers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methodsnoSpark connector (open source): github.com/­Azure/­azure-kusto-sparkno infocould be achieved with distributed queriesyes
Consistency concepts infoMethods to ensure consistency in a distributed systemImmediate ConsistencyEventual Consistency
Immediate Consistency
Eventual Consistency
Foreign keys infoReferential integritynonoyes inforelationship in graphsno
Transaction concepts infoSupport to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of datanonoACIDno infoA 'Transaction' in Splunk has a different meaning: grouping related events into a single one for later searching
Concurrency infoSupport for concurrent manipulation of datayesyesyesyes
Durability infoSupport for making data persistentyesyesyesyes
In-memory capabilities infoIs there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.nonono
User concepts infoAccess controlRBAC using LDAP or Druid internals for users and groups for read/write by datasource and systemAzure Active Directory AuthenticationAccess rights for users and roles; record level security configurableAccess rights for users and roles

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More resources
Apache DruidMicrosoft Azure Data ExplorerOrientDBSplunk
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