DBMS > Apache Druid vs. Microsoft Azure Cosmos DB vs. Neo4j vs. Speedb vs. Stardog

System Properties Comparison Apache Druid vs. Microsoft Azure Cosmos DB vs. Neo4j vs. Speedb vs. Stardog

Editorial information provided by DB-Engines

Name

Description

Open-source analytics data store designed for sub-second OLAP queries on high dimensionality and high cardinality data

Globally distributed, horizontally scalable, multi-model database service

Scalable, ACID-compliant graph database designed with a high-performance distributed cluster architecture, available in self-hosted and cloud offerings

An embeddable, high performance key-value store optimized for write-intensive workloads, which can be used as a drop-in replacement for RocksDB

Enterprise Knowledge Graph platform and graph DBMS with high availability, high performance reasoning, and virtualization

Primary database model

Relational DBMS
Time Series DBMS

Document store
Graph DBMS
Key-value store
Wide column store

Graph DBMS

Key-value store

Graph DBMS
RDF store

Secondary database models

Spatial DBMS

DB-Engines Ranking measures the popularity of database management systems
Trend Chart

Score	3.25
Rank	#90	Overall
	#47	Relational DBMS
	#7	Time Series DBMS

Score	27.71
Rank	#27	Overall
	#4	Document stores
	#2	Graph DBMS
	#3	Key-value stores
	#3	Wide column stores

Score	44.89
Rank	#21	Overall
	#1	Graph DBMS

Score	0.26
Rank	#310	Overall
	#45	Key-value stores

Score	2.07
Rank	#122	Overall
	#11	Graph DBMS
	#6	RDF stores

Website

druid.apache.org

azure.microsoft.com/services/cosmos-db

neo4j.com

www.speedb.io

www.stardog.com

Technical documentation

druid.apache.org/docs/latest/design

learn.microsoft.com/azure/cosmos-db

neo4j.com/docs

docs.stardog.com

Developer

Apache Software Foundation and contributors

Microsoft

Neo4j, Inc.

Speedb

Stardog-Union

Initial release

2012

2014

2007

2020

2010

Current release

29.0.1, April 2024

5.20, May 2024

7.3.0, May 2020

License

Commercial or Open Source

Open Source

Apache license v2

commercial

Open Source

GPL version3, commercial licenses available

Open Source

Apache Version 2.0; commercial license available

commercial

60-day fully-featured trial license; 1-year fully-featured non-commercial use license for academics/students

Cloud-based only

Only available as a cloud service

yes

DBaaS offerings (sponsored links)

Database as a Service

Providers of DBaaS offerings, please contact us to be listed.

Neo4j Aura: Neo4j’s fully managed cloud service: The zero-admin, always-on graph database for cloud developers.

Implementation language

Java

Java, Scala

C++

Java

Server operating systems

Linux
OS X
Unix

hosted

Linux

Can also be used server-less as embedded Java database.
OS X
Solaris
Windows

Linux
Windows

Linux
macOS
Windows

Data scheme

yes

schema-less columns are supported

schema-free

schema-free and schema-optional

schema-free

schema-free and OWL/RDFS-schema support

Typing

predefined data types such as float or date

yes

JSON types

yes

XML support

Some form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.

Import/export of XML data possible

Secondary indexes

yes

All properties auto-indexed by default

yes

pluggable indexing subsystem, by default Apache Lucene

yes

supports real-time indexing in full-text and geospatial

SQL

Support of SQL

SQL for querying

SQL-like query language

Yes, compatible with all major SQL variants through dedicated BI/SQL Server

APIs and other access methods

JDBC
RESTful HTTP/JSON API

DocumentDB API
Graph API (Gremlin)
MongoDB API
RESTful HTTP API
Table API

Bolt protocol
Cypher query language
Java API
Neo4j-OGM

Object Graph Mapper
RESTful HTTP API
Spring Data Neo4j
TinkerPop 3

GraphQL query language
HTTP API
Jena RDF API
OWL
RDF4J API
Sesame REST HTTP Protocol
SNARL
SPARQL
Spring Data
Stardog Studio
TinkerPop 3

Supported programming languages

Clojure
JavaScript
PHP
Python
R
Ruby
Scala

.Net
C#
Java
JavaScript
JavaScript (Node.js)
MongoDB client drivers written for various programming languages
Python

.Net
Clojure
Elixir
Go
Groovy
Haskell
Java
JavaScript
Perl
PHP
Python
Ruby
Scala

C
C++
Go
Java
Perl
Python
Ruby

.Net
Clojure
Groovy
Java
JavaScript
Python
Ruby

Server-side scripts

Stored procedures

JavaScript

yes

User defined Procedures and Functions

user defined functions and aggregates, HTTP Server extensions in Java

Triggers

JavaScript

yes

via event handler

yes

via event handlers

Partitioning methods

Methods for storing different data on different nodes

Sharding

manual/auto, time-based

Sharding

Implicit feature of the cloud service

yes using Neo4j Fabric

horizontal partitioning

none

Replication methods

Methods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodes

yes, via HDFS, S3 or other storage engines

yes

Implicit feature of the cloud service

Causal Clustering using Raft protocol

available in in Enterprise Version only

yes

Multi-source replication in HA-Cluster

MapReduce

Offers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methods

with Hadoop integration

Integration with Hadoop/HDInsight on Azure*

Consistency concepts

Methods to ensure consistency in a distributed system

Immediate Consistency

Bounded Staleness
Consistent Prefix
Eventual Consistency
Immediate Consistency

Consistency level configurable on request level
Session Consistency

Causal and Eventual Consistency configurable in Causal Cluster setup
Immediate Consistency in stand-alone mode

Immediate Consistency in HA-Cluster

Foreign keys

Referential integrity

yes

Relationships in graphs

yes

relationships in graphs

Transaction concepts

Support to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of data

Multi-item ACID transactions with snapshot isolation within a partition

ACID

yes

ACID

Concurrency

Support for concurrent manipulation of data

yes

Durability

Support for making data persistent

yes

In-memory capabilities

Is there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.

yes

User concepts

Access control

RBAC using LDAP or Druid internals for users and groups for read/write by datasource and system

Access rights can be defined down to the item level

Users, roles and permissions. Pluggable authentication with supported standards (LDAP, Active Directory, Kerberos)

Access rights for users and roles

More information provided by the system vendor

Specific characteristics

Neo4j delivers graph technology that has been battle tested for performance and scale...
» more

Speedb is an embedded key-value storage engine for versatile use cases. It was designed...
» more

Competitive advantages

Neo4j is the market leader, graph database category creator, and the most widely...
» more

Speedb Open-source rebases on RocksDB's latest versions, with enhanced capabilities...
» more

Typical application scenarios

Real-Time Recommendations Master Data Management Identity and Access Management Network...
» more

Key customers

Over 800 commercial customers and over 4300 startups use Neo4j. Flagship customers...
» more

Market metrics

Neo4j boasts the world's largest graph database ecosystem with more than 140 million...
» more

Licensing and pricing models

GPL v3 license that can be used all the places where you might use MySQL. Neo4j Commercial...
» more

Open source - Speedb OSS is released under an Apache license and can be found on...
» more

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