DBMS > Apache Druid vs. LokiJS vs. Microsoft Access vs. Microsoft Azure Cosmos DB vs. Realm

System Properties Comparison Apache Druid vs. LokiJS vs. Microsoft Access vs. Microsoft Azure Cosmos DB vs. Realm

Editorial information provided by DB-Engines

Name

Description

Open-source analytics data store designed for sub-second OLAP queries on high dimensionality and high cardinality data

In-memory JavaScript DBMS

Microsoft Access combines a backend RDBMS (JET / ACE Engine) with a GUI frontend for data manipulation and queries.

The Access frontend is often used for accessing other datasources (DBMS, Excel, etc.)

Globally distributed, horizontally scalable, multi-model database service

A DBMS built for use on mobile devices that’s a fast, easy to use alternative to SQLite and Core Data

Primary database model

Relational DBMS
Time Series DBMS

Document store

Relational DBMS

Document store
Graph DBMS
Key-value store
Wide column store

Document store

Secondary database models

Spatial DBMS

DB-Engines Ranking measures the popularity of database management systems
Trend Chart

Score	3.34
Rank	#88	Overall
	#48	Relational DBMS
	#7	Time Series DBMS

Score	0.43
Rank	#264	Overall
	#42	Document stores

Score	104.92
Rank	#11	Overall
	#8	Relational DBMS

Score	29.04
Rank	#27	Overall
	#4	Document stores
	#2	Graph DBMS
	#3	Key-value stores
	#3	Wide column stores

Score	7.60
Rank	#52	Overall
	#9	Document stores

Website

druid.apache.org

github.com/techfort/LokiJS

www.microsoft.com/en-us/microsoft-365/access

azure.microsoft.com/services/cosmos-db

realm.io

Technical documentation

druid.apache.org/docs/latest/design

techfort.github.io/LokiJS

developer.microsoft.com/en-us/access

learn.microsoft.com/azure/cosmos-db

realm.io/docs

Developer

Apache Software Foundation and contributors

Microsoft

Realm, acquired by MongoDB in May 2019

Initial release

2012

2014

1992

2014

Current release

29.0.1, April 2024

1902 (16.0.11328.20222), March 2019

License

Commercial or Open Source

Open Source

Apache license v2

Open Source

commercial

Bundled with Microsoft Office

commercial

Open Source

Cloud-based only

Only available as a cloud service

yes

DBaaS offerings (sponsored links)

Database as a Service

Providers of DBaaS offerings, please contact us to be listed.

Implementation language

Java

JavaScript

C++

Server operating systems

Linux
OS X
Unix

server-less, requires a JavaScript environment (browser, Node.js)

Windows

Not a real database server, but making use of DLLs

hosted

Android
Backend: server-less
iOS
Windows

Data scheme

yes

schema-less columns are supported

schema-free

yes

schema-free

yes

Typing

predefined data types such as float or date

yes

JSON types

yes

XML support

Some form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.

Secondary indexes

yes

via views

yes

All properties auto-indexed by default

yes

SQL

Support of SQL

SQL for querying

yes

but not compliant to any SQL standard

SQL-like query language

APIs and other access methods

JDBC
RESTful HTTP/JSON API

JavaScript API

ADO.NET
DAO
ODBC
OLE DB

DocumentDB API
Graph API (Gremlin)
MongoDB API
RESTful HTTP API
Table API

Supported programming languages

Clojure
JavaScript
PHP
Python
R
Ruby
Scala

JavaScript

C
C#
C++
Delphi
Java (JDBC-ODBC)
VBA
Visual Basic.NET

.Net
C#
Java
JavaScript
JavaScript (Node.js)
MongoDB client drivers written for various programming languages
Python

.Net
Java

with Android only
Objective-C
React Native
Swift

Server-side scripts

Stored procedures

View functions in JavaScript

yes

since Access 2010 using the ACE-engine

JavaScript

runs within the applications so server-side scripts are unnecessary

Triggers

yes

since Access 2010 using the ACE-engine

JavaScript

yes

Change Listeners

Partitioning methods

Methods for storing different data on different nodes

Sharding

manual/auto, time-based

none

Sharding

Implicit feature of the cloud service

none

Replication methods

Methods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodes

yes, via HDFS, S3 or other storage engines

none

yes

Implicit feature of the cloud service

none

MapReduce

Offers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methods

yes

with Hadoop integration

Integration with Hadoop/HDInsight on Azure*

Consistency concepts

Methods to ensure consistency in a distributed system

Immediate Consistency

none

Bounded Staleness
Consistent Prefix
Eventual Consistency
Immediate Consistency

Consistency level configurable on request level
Session Consistency

Immediate Consistency

Foreign keys

Referential integrity

yes

Transaction concepts

Support to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of data

atomic operations within a single collection possible

ACID

but no files for transaction logging

Multi-item ACID transactions with snapshot isolation within a partition

ACID

Concurrency

Support for concurrent manipulation of data

yes

Durability

Support for making data persistent

yes

Serialization of a DB in a Node.JS/Cordova/PhoneGap environment. Usage of the IndexedDB-API in a browser.

yes

but no files for transaction logging

yes

In-memory capabilities

Is there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.

yes

In-Memory realm

User concepts

Access control

RBAC using LDAP or Druid internals for users and groups for read/write by datasource and system

a simple user-level security was built in till version Access 2003

Access rights can be defined down to the item level

yes

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