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DBMS > Apache Druid vs. LeanXcale vs. Microsoft Azure Data Explorer vs. Splunk

System Properties Comparison Apache Druid vs. LeanXcale vs. Microsoft Azure Data Explorer vs. Splunk

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Editorial information provided by DB-Engines
NameApache Druid  Xexclude from comparisonLeanXcale  Xexclude from comparisonMicrosoft Azure Data Explorer  Xexclude from comparisonSplunk  Xexclude from comparison
DescriptionOpen-source analytics data store designed for sub-second OLAP queries on high dimensionality and high cardinality dataA highly scalable full ACID SQL database with fast NoSQL data ingestion and GIS capabilitiesFully managed big data interactive analytics platformAnalytics Platform for Big Data
Primary database modelRelational DBMS
Time Series DBMS
Key-value store
Relational DBMS
Relational DBMS infocolumn orientedSearch engine
Secondary database modelsDocument store infoIf a column is of type dynamic docs.microsoft.com/­en-us/­azure/­kusto/­query/­scalar-data-types/­dynamic then it's possible to add arbitrary JSON documents in this cell
Event Store infothis is the general usage pattern at Microsoft. Billing, Logs, Telemetry events are stored in ADX and the state of an individual entity is defined by the arg_max(timestamps)
Spatial DBMS
Search engine infosupport for complex search expressions docs.microsoft.com/­en-us/­azure/­kusto/­query/­parseoperator FTS, Geospatial docs.microsoft.com/­en-us/­azure/­kusto/­query/­geo-point-to-geohash-function distributed search -> ADX acts as a distributed search engine
Time Series DBMS infosee docs.microsoft.com/­en-us/­azure/­data-explorer/­time-series-analysis
DB-Engines Ranking infomeasures the popularity of database management systemsranking trend
Trend Chart
Score3.34
Rank#88  Overall
#48  Relational DBMS
#7  Time Series DBMS
Score0.29
Rank#291  Overall
#41  Key-value stores
#132  Relational DBMS
Score4.38
Rank#77  Overall
#41  Relational DBMS
Score86.45
Rank#14  Overall
#2  Search engines
Websitedruid.apache.orgwww.leanxcale.comazure.microsoft.com/­services/­data-explorerwww.splunk.com
Technical documentationdruid.apache.org/­docs/­latest/­designdocs.microsoft.com/­en-us/­azure/­data-explorerdocs.splunk.com/­Documentation/­Splunk
DeveloperApache Software Foundation and contributorsLeanXcaleMicrosoftSplunk Inc.
Initial release2012201520192003
Current release29.0.1, April 2024cloud service with continuous releases
License infoCommercial or Open SourceOpen Source infoApache license v2commercialcommercialcommercial infoLimited free edition and free developer edition available
Cloud-based only infoOnly available as a cloud servicenonoyesno
DBaaS offerings (sponsored links) infoDatabase as a Service

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Implementation languageJava
Server operating systemsLinux
OS X
Unix
hostedLinux
OS X
Solaris
Windows
Data schemeyes infoschema-less columns are supportedyesFixed schema with schema-less datatypes (dynamic)yes
Typing infopredefined data types such as float or dateyesyes infobool, datetime, dynamic, guid, int, long, real, string, timespan, double: docs.microsoft.com/­en-us/­azure/­kusto/­query/­scalar-data-typesyes
XML support infoSome form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.noyesyes
Secondary indexesyesall fields are automatically indexedyes
SQL infoSupport of SQLSQL for queryingyes infothrough Apache DerbyKusto Query Language (KQL), SQL subsetno infoSplunk Search Processing Language for search commands
APIs and other access methodsJDBC
RESTful HTTP/JSON API
JDBC
Kafka Connector
ODBC
proprietary key/value interface
Spark Connector
Microsoft SQL Server communication protocol (MS-TDS)
RESTful HTTP API
HTTP REST
Supported programming languagesClojure
JavaScript
PHP
Python
R
Ruby
Scala
C
Java
Scala
.Net
Go
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
PowerShell
Python
R
C#
Java
JavaScript
PHP
Python
Ruby
Server-side scripts infoStored proceduresnoYes, possible languages: KQL, Python, Ryes
Triggersnoyes infosee docs.microsoft.com/­en-us/­azure/­kusto/­management/­updatepolicyyes
Partitioning methods infoMethods for storing different data on different nodesSharding infomanual/auto, time-basedSharding infoImplicit feature of the cloud serviceSharding
Replication methods infoMethods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodesyes, via HDFS, S3 or other storage enginesyes infoImplicit feature of the cloud service. Replication either local, cross-facility or geo-redundant.Multi-source replication
MapReduce infoOffers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methodsnonoSpark connector (open source): github.com/­Azure/­azure-kusto-sparkyes
Consistency concepts infoMethods to ensure consistency in a distributed systemImmediate ConsistencyImmediate ConsistencyEventual Consistency
Immediate Consistency
Eventual Consistency
Foreign keys infoReferential integritynoyesnono
Transaction concepts infoSupport to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of datanoACIDnono infoA 'Transaction' in Splunk has a different meaning: grouping related events into a single one for later searching
Concurrency infoSupport for concurrent manipulation of datayesyesyesyes
Durability infoSupport for making data persistentyesyesyesyes
In-memory capabilities infoIs there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.noyesnono
User concepts infoAccess controlRBAC using LDAP or Druid internals for users and groups for read/write by datasource and systemAzure Active Directory AuthenticationAccess rights for users and roles

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More resources
Apache DruidLeanXcaleMicrosoft Azure Data ExplorerSplunk
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