DBMS > Apache Druid vs. Kdb vs. Microsoft SQL Server vs. Postgres-XL vs. TimesTen

System Properties Comparison Apache Druid vs. Kdb vs. Microsoft SQL Server vs. Postgres-XL vs. TimesTen

Editorial information provided by DB-Engines

Name

Description

Open-source analytics data store designed for sub-second OLAP queries on high dimensionality and high cardinality data

Microsofts flagship relational DBMS

Based on PostgreSQL enhanced with MPP and write-scale-out cluster features

An in-memory SQL relational database that delivers microsecond response and high throughput for OLTP applications. TimesTen can be deployed as a standalone database or as a cache to a backend Oracle database.

Primary database model

Relational DBMS
Time Series DBMS

Time Series DBMS
Vector DBMS

Relational DBMS

Secondary database models

Relational DBMS

Document store
Graph DBMS
Spatial DBMS

Document store
Spatial DBMS

DB-Engines Ranking measures the popularity of database management systems
Trend Chart

Score	2.85
Rank	#96	Overall
	#50	Relational DBMS
	#6	Time Series DBMS

Score	7.73
Rank	#45	Overall
	#2	Time Series DBMS
	#1	Vector DBMS

Score	807.76
Rank	#3	Overall
	#3	Relational DBMS

Score	0.43
Rank	#260	Overall
	#119	Relational DBMS

Score	1.26
Rank	#164	Overall
	#75	Relational DBMS

Website

druid.apache.org

kx.com

www.microsoft.com/en-us/sql-server

www.postgres-xl.org

www.oracle.com/database/technologies/related/timesten.html

Technical documentation

druid.apache.org/docs/latest/design

code.kx.com

learn.microsoft.com/en-US/sql/sql-server

www.postgres-xl.org/documentation

docs.oracle.com/en/database/other-databases/timesten/index.html

Developer

Apache Software Foundation and contributors

Kx Systems, a division of First Derivatives plc

Microsoft

Oracle

originally founded in HP Labs it was acquired by Oracle in 2005

Initial release

2012

2000

kdb was released 2000, kdb+ in 2003

1989

2014

since 2012, originally named StormDB

1998

Current release

30.0.0, June 2024

3.6, May 2018

SQL Server 2022, November 2022

10 R1, October 2018

Release 22.1

License

Commercial or Open Source

Open Source

Apache license v2

commercial

free 32-bit version

commercial

restricted free version is available

Open Source

Mozilla public license

commercial

Cloud-based only

Only available as a cloud service

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Implementation language

Java

C++

Server operating systems

Linux
OS X
Unix

Linux
OS X
Solaris
Windows

Linux
Windows

Linux
macOS

IBM AIX Power PC 64-bit
Linux arm64
Linux x86-64
Solaris SPARC 64
Solaris SPARC/x86
Solaris x86-64

Data scheme

yes

schema-less columns are supported

yes

Typing

predefined data types such as float or date

yes

XML support

Some form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.

yes

XML type, but no XML query functionality

Secondary indexes

yes

table attribute 'grouped'

yes

SQL

Support of SQL

SQL for querying

SQL-like query language (q)

yes

distributed, parallel query execution

yes

APIs and other access methods

JDBC
RESTful HTTP/JSON API

HTTP API
JDBC
Jupyter
Kafka
ODBC
WebSocket

ADO.NET
JDBC
ODBC
OLE DB
Tabular Data Stream (TDS)

ADO.NET
JDBC
native C library
ODBC
streaming API for large objects

ODBC
ODP.NET
Oracle Call Interface (OCI)
Pro*C/C++ programming interfaces
SQL and PL/SQL via JDBC

Supported programming languages

Clojure
JavaScript
PHP
Python
R
Ruby
Scala

C
C#
C++
Go
J
Java
JavaScript
Lua
MatLab
Perl
PHP
Python
R
Scala

C#
C++
Delphi
Go
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
PHP
Python
R
Ruby
Visual Basic

.Net
C
C++
Delphi
Erlang
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
Perl
PHP
Python
Tcl

C
C++
Java
Node.js
PL/SQL
Python

Server-side scripts

Stored procedures

user defined functions

Transact SQL, .NET languages, R, Python and (with SQL Server 2019) Java

user defined functions

PL/SQL

Triggers

yes

with views

yes

Partitioning methods

Methods for storing different data on different nodes

Sharding

manual/auto, time-based

horizontal partitioning

tables can be distributed across several files (horizontal partitioning); sharding through federation

horizontal partitioning

none

Replication methods

Methods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodes

yes, via HDFS, S3 or other storage engines

Source-replica replication

yes, but depending on the SQL-Server Edition

Multi-source replication
Source-replica replication

MapReduce

Offers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methods

similar paradigm used for internal processing

Consistency concepts

Methods to ensure consistency in a distributed system

Immediate Consistency

Immediate Consistency or Eventual Consistency depending on configuration

Foreign keys

Referential integrity

yes

Transaction concepts

Support to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of data

ACID

MVCC

ACID

Concurrency

Support for concurrent manipulation of data

yes

Durability

Support for making data persistent

yes

by means of logfiles and checkpoints

In-memory capabilities

Is there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.

yes

User concepts

Access control

RBAC using LDAP or Druid internals for users and groups for read/write by datasource and system

rights management via user accounts

fine grained access rights according to SQL-standard

More information provided by the system vendor

Specific characteristics

Integrated columnar database & programming system for streaming, real time and historical...
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Competitive advantages

provides seamless scalability; runs on industry standard server platforms; is top-ranked...
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Typical application scenarios

tick database streaming sensor data massive intelligence applications oil and gas...
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Key customers

Goldman Sachs Morgan Stanley Merrill Lynch J.P. Morgan Deutsche Bank IEX Securities...
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Market metrics

kdb+ performance and reliability proven by our customers in critical infrastructure...
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Licensing and pricing models

upon request
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