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DBMS > Apache Druid vs. HyperSQL vs. Microsoft Azure Data Explorer vs. SwayDB vs. Teradata

System Properties Comparison Apache Druid vs. HyperSQL vs. Microsoft Azure Data Explorer vs. SwayDB vs. Teradata

Editorial information provided by DB-Engines
NameApache Druid  Xexclude from comparisonHyperSQL infoalso known as HSQLDB  Xexclude from comparisonMicrosoft Azure Data Explorer  Xexclude from comparisonSwayDB  Xexclude from comparisonTeradata  Xexclude from comparison
DescriptionOpen-source analytics data store designed for sub-second OLAP queries on high dimensionality and high cardinality dataMultithreaded, transactional RDBMS written in Java infoalso known as HSQLDBFully managed big data interactive analytics platformAn embeddable, non-blocking, type-safe key-value store for single or multiple disks and in-memory storageA hybrid cloud data analytics software platform (Teradata Vantage)
Primary database modelRelational DBMS
Time Series DBMS
Relational DBMSRelational DBMS infocolumn orientedKey-value storeRelational DBMS
Secondary database modelsDocument store infoIf a column is of type dynamic docs.microsoft.com/­en-us/­azure/­kusto/­query/­scalar-data-types/­dynamic then it's possible to add arbitrary JSON documents in this cell
Event Store infothis is the general usage pattern at Microsoft. Billing, Logs, Telemetry events are stored in ADX and the state of an individual entity is defined by the arg_max(timestamps)
Spatial DBMS
Search engine infosupport for complex search expressions docs.microsoft.com/­en-us/­azure/­kusto/­query/­parseoperator FTS, Geospatial docs.microsoft.com/­en-us/­azure/­kusto/­query/­geo-point-to-geohash-function distributed search -> ADX acts as a distributed search engine
Time Series DBMS infosee docs.microsoft.com/­en-us/­azure/­data-explorer/­time-series-analysis
Document store
Graph DBMS
Spatial DBMS
Time Series DBMS
DB-Engines Ranking infomeasures the popularity of database management systemsranking trend
Trend Chart
Score3.25
Rank#90  Overall
#47  Relational DBMS
#7  Time Series DBMS
Score3.23
Rank#93  Overall
#48  Relational DBMS
Score3.80
Rank#81  Overall
#43  Relational DBMS
Score0.04
Rank#387  Overall
#61  Key-value stores
Score44.87
Rank#22  Overall
#15  Relational DBMS
Websitedruid.apache.orghsqldb.orgazure.microsoft.com/­services/­data-explorerswaydb.simer.auwww.teradata.com
Technical documentationdruid.apache.org/­docs/­latest/­designhsqldb.org/­web/­hsqlDocsFrame.htmldocs.microsoft.com/­en-us/­azure/­data-explorerdocs.teradata.com
DeveloperApache Software Foundation and contributorsMicrosoftSimer PlahaTeradata
Initial release20122001201920181984
Current release29.0.1, April 20242.7.2, June 2023cloud service with continuous releasesTeradata Vantage 1.0 MU2, January 2019
License infoCommercial or Open SourceOpen Source infoApache license v2Open Source infobased on BSD licensecommercialOpen Source infoGNU Affero GPL V3.0commercial
Cloud-based only infoOnly available as a cloud servicenonoyesnono
DBaaS offerings (sponsored links) infoDatabase as a Service

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Implementation languageJavaJavaScala
Server operating systemsLinux
OS X
Unix
All OS with a Java VM infoEmbedded (into Java applications) and Client-Server operating modeshostedhosted
Linux
Data schemeyes infoschema-less columns are supportedyesFixed schema with schema-less datatypes (dynamic)schema-freeyes
Typing infopredefined data types such as float or dateyesyesyes infobool, datetime, dynamic, guid, int, long, real, string, timespan, double: docs.microsoft.com/­en-us/­azure/­kusto/­query/­scalar-data-typesnoyes
XML support infoSome form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.nonoyesnoyes
Secondary indexesyesyesall fields are automatically indexednoyes infoJoin-index to prejoin tables, aggregate index, sparse index, hash index
SQL infoSupport of SQLSQL for queryingyesKusto Query Language (KQL), SQL subsetnoyes infoSQL 2016 + extensions
APIs and other access methodsJDBC
RESTful HTTP/JSON API
HTTP API infoJDBC via HTTP
JDBC
ODBC
Microsoft SQL Server communication protocol (MS-TDS)
RESTful HTTP API
.NET Client API
HTTP REST
JDBC
JMS Adapter
ODBC
OLE DB
Supported programming languagesClojure
JavaScript
PHP
Python
R
Ruby
Scala
All languages supporting JDBC/ODBC
Java
.Net
Go
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
PowerShell
Python
R
Java
Kotlin
Scala
C
C++
Cobol
Java (JDBC-ODBC)
Perl
PL/1
Python
R
Ruby
Server-side scripts infoStored proceduresnoJava, SQLYes, possible languages: KQL, Python, Rnoyes infoUDFs, stored procedures, table functions in parallel
Triggersnoyesyes infosee docs.microsoft.com/­en-us/­azure/­kusto/­management/­updatepolicynoyes
Partitioning methods infoMethods for storing different data on different nodesSharding infomanual/auto, time-basednoneSharding infoImplicit feature of the cloud servicenoneSharding infoHashing
Replication methods infoMethods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodesyes, via HDFS, S3 or other storage enginesnoneyes infoImplicit feature of the cloud service. Replication either local, cross-facility or geo-redundant.noneMulti-source replication
Source-replica replication
MapReduce infoOffers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methodsnonoSpark connector (open source): github.com/­Azure/­azure-kusto-sparknono
Consistency concepts infoMethods to ensure consistency in a distributed systemImmediate ConsistencyImmediate ConsistencyEventual Consistency
Immediate Consistency
Immediate ConsistencyImmediate Consistency
Foreign keys infoReferential integritynoyesnonoyes
Transaction concepts infoSupport to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of datanoACIDnoAtomic execution of operationsACID
Concurrency infoSupport for concurrent manipulation of datayesyesyesyesyes
Durability infoSupport for making data persistentyesyesyesyesyes
In-memory capabilities infoIs there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.noyesnoyesyes
User concepts infoAccess controlRBAC using LDAP or Druid internals for users and groups for read/write by datasource and systemfine grained access rights according to SQL-standardAzure Active Directory Authenticationnofine grained access rights according to SQL-standard

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More resources
Apache DruidHyperSQL infoalso known as HSQLDBMicrosoft Azure Data ExplorerSwayDBTeradata
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