DBMS > Apache Druid vs. Hive vs. MariaDB vs. QuestDB vs. RavenDB

System Properties Comparison Apache Druid vs. Hive vs. MariaDB vs. QuestDB vs. RavenDB

Editorial information provided by DB-Engines

Name

Description

Open-source analytics data store designed for sub-second OLAP queries on high dimensionality and high cardinality data

data warehouse software for querying and managing large distributed datasets, built on Hadoop

MySQL application compatible open source RDBMS, enhanced with high availability, security, interoperability and performance capabilities. MariaDB ColumnStore provides a column-oriented storage engine and MariaDB Xpand supports distributed SQL.

A high performance open source SQL database for time series data

Open Source Operational and Transactional Enterprise NoSQL Document Database

Primary database model

Relational DBMS
Time Series DBMS

Relational DBMS

Time Series DBMS

Document store

Secondary database models

Document store
Graph DBMS

with OQGraph storage engine
Spatial DBMS

Relational DBMS

Graph DBMS
Spatial DBMS
Time Series DBMS

DB-Engines Ranking measures the popularity of database management systems
Trend Chart

Score	3.34
Rank	#88	Overall
	#48	Relational DBMS
	#7	Time Series DBMS

Score	61.17
Rank	#18	Overall
	#12	Relational DBMS

Score	93.21
Rank	#13	Overall
	#9	Relational DBMS

Score	2.52
Rank	#109	Overall
	#9	Time Series DBMS

Score	2.92
Rank	#101	Overall
	#18	Document stores

Website

druid.apache.org

hive.apache.org

mariadb.com

Site of MariaDB Corporation
mariadb.org

Site of MariaDB Foundation

questdb.io

ravendb.net

Technical documentation

druid.apache.org/docs/latest/design

cwiki.apache.org/confluence/display/Hive/Home

mariadb.com/kb/en/library

questdb.io/docs

ravendb.net/docs

Developer

Apache Software Foundation and contributors

Apache Software Foundation

initially developed by Facebook

MariaDB Corporation Ab (MariaDB Enterprise),
MariaDB Foundation (community MariaDB Server)

The lead developer Monty Widenius is the original author of MySQL

QuestDB Technology Inc

Hibernating Rhinos

Initial release

2012

2009

Fork of MySQL, which was first released in 1995

2014

2010

Current release

29.0.1, April 2024

3.1.3, April 2022

11.3.2, February 2024

5.4, July 2022

License

Commercial or Open Source

Open Source

Apache license v2

Open Source

Apache Version 2

Open Source

GPL version 2, commercial enterprise subscription available

Open Source

Apache 2.0

Open Source

AGPL version 3, commercial license available

Cloud-based only

Only available as a cloud service

DBaaS offerings (sponsored links)

Database as a Service

Providers of DBaaS offerings, please contact us to be listed.

Implementation language

Java

C and C++

Java (Zero-GC), C++, Rust

Server operating systems

Linux
OS X
Unix

All OS with a Java VM

FreeBSD
Linux
Solaris
Windows

ColumnStore storage engine not available on Windows

Linux
macOS
Windows

Linux
macOS
Raspberry Pi
Windows

Data scheme

yes

schema-less columns are supported

yes

Dynamic columns are supported

yes

schema-free via InfluxDB Line Protocol

schema-free

Typing

predefined data types such as float or date

yes

XML support

Some form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.

yes

Secondary indexes

yes

SQL

Support of SQL

SQL for querying

SQL-like DML and DDL statements

yes

with proprietary extensions

SQL with time-series extensions

SQL-like query language (RQL)

APIs and other access methods

JDBC
RESTful HTTP/JSON API

JDBC
ODBC
Thrift

ADO.NET
JDBC
ODBC
Proprietary native API

HTTP REST
InfluxDB Line Protocol (TCP/UDP)
JDBC
PostgreSQL wire protocol

.NET Client API
F# Client API
Go Client API
Java Client API
NodeJS Client API
PHP Client API
Python Client API
RESTful HTTP API

Supported programming languages

Clojure
JavaScript
PHP
Python
R
Ruby
Scala

C++
Java
PHP
Python

Ada
C
C#
C++
D
Eiffel
Erlang
Go
Haskell
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
Objective-C
OCaml
Perl
PHP
Python
Ruby
Scheme
Tcl

PostgreSQL driver
C++
Go
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
Python
Rust

over HTTP

.Net
C#
F#
Go
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
PHP
Python
Ruby

Server-side scripts

Stored procedures

yes

user defined functions and integration of map-reduce

yes

PL/SQL compatibility added with version 10.3

yes

Triggers

yes

Partitioning methods

Methods for storing different data on different nodes

Sharding

manual/auto, time-based

Sharding

several options for horizontal partitioning and Sharding

horizontal partitioning (by timestamps)

Sharding

Replication methods

Methods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodes

yes, via HDFS, S3 or other storage engines

selectable replication factor

Multi-source replication
Source-replica replication

Source-replica replication with eventual consistency

Multi-source replication

MapReduce

Offers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methods

yes

query execution via MapReduce

yes

Consistency concepts

Methods to ensure consistency in a distributed system

Immediate Consistency

Eventual Consistency

Immediate Consistency

Default ACID transactions on the local node (eventually consistent across the cluster). Atomic operations with cluster-wide ACID transactions. Eventual consistency for indexes and full-text search indexes.

Foreign keys

Referential integrity

yes

not for MyISAM storage engine

Transaction concepts

Support to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of data

ACID

not for MyISAM storage engine

ACID for single-table writes

ACID, Cluster-wide transaction available

Concurrency

Support for concurrent manipulation of data

yes

Durability

Support for making data persistent

yes

not for in-memory storage engine

yes

In-memory capabilities

Is there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.

yes

with MEMORY storage engine

yes

through memory mapped files

User concepts

Access control

RBAC using LDAP or Druid internals for users and groups for read/write by datasource and system

Access rights for users, groups and roles

fine grained access rights according to SQL-standard

Authorization levels configured per client per database

More information provided by the system vendor

Specific characteristics

MariaDB is the most powerful open source relational database – modern SQL and JSON...
» more

Relational model with native time series support Column-based storage and time partitioned...
» more

Competitive advantages

MariaDB Servers have many features unavailable in other open source relational databases....
» more

High ingestion throughput: peak of 4M rows/sec (TSBS Benchmark) Code optimizations...
» more

Typical application scenarios

Web, SaaS and Cloud operational applications that require high availability, scalability...
» more

Financial tick data Industrial IoT Application Metrics Monitoring
» more

Key customers

Deutsche Bank, DBS Bank, Nasdaq, Red Hat, ServiceNow, Verizon and Walgreens Featured...
» more

Banks & Hedge funds, Yahoo, OKX, Airbus, Aquis Exchange, Net App, Cloudera, Airtel,...
» more

Market metrics

MariaDB is the default database in the LAMP stack supplied by Red Hat and SUSE Linux,...
» more

Licensing and pricing models

MariaDB plc subscriptions cover our free, open source database, Community Server,...
» more

Open source Apache 2.0 QuestDB Enterprise QuestDB Cloud
» more

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and for displaying vendor-provided information such as key customers, competitive advantages and market metrics.