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DBMS > Apache Druid vs. Google Cloud Spanner vs. PostgreSQL vs. SAP IQ vs. Trafodion

System Properties Comparison Apache Druid vs. Google Cloud Spanner vs. PostgreSQL vs. SAP IQ vs. Trafodion

Editorial information provided by DB-Engines
NameApache Druid  Xexclude from comparisonGoogle Cloud Spanner  Xexclude from comparisonPostgreSQL  Xexclude from comparisonSAP IQ infoformer name: Sybase IQ  Xexclude from comparisonTrafodion  Xexclude from comparison
Apache Trafodion has been retired in 2021. Therefore it is excluded from the DB-Engines Ranking.
DescriptionOpen-source analytics data store designed for sub-second OLAP queries on high dimensionality and high cardinality dataA horizontally scalable, globally consistent, relational database service. It is the externalization of the core Google database that runs the biggest aspects of Google, like Ads and Google Play.Widely used open source RDBMS infoDeveloped as objectoriented DBMS (Postgres), gradually enhanced with 'standards' like SQLColumnar RDBMS optimized for Big Data analyticsTransactional SQL-on-Hadoop DBMS
Primary database modelRelational DBMS
Time Series DBMS
Relational DBMSRelational DBMS infowith object oriented extensions, e.g.: user defined types/functions and inheritance. Handling of key/value pairs with hstore module.Relational DBMS infocolumn-orientedRelational DBMS
Secondary database modelsDocument store
Graph DBMS infowith Apache Age
Spatial DBMS
Vector DBMS infowith pgvector extension
DB-Engines Ranking infomeasures the popularity of database management systemsranking trend
Trend Chart
Score3.34
Rank#88  Overall
#48  Relational DBMS
#7  Time Series DBMS
Score2.89
Rank#103  Overall
#52  Relational DBMS
Score645.54
Rank#4  Overall
#4  Relational DBMS
Score2.75
Rank#104  Overall
#53  Relational DBMS
Websitedruid.apache.orgcloud.google.com/­spannerwww.postgresql.orgwww.sap.com/­products/­technology-platform/­sybase-iq-big-data-management.htmltrafodion.apache.org
Technical documentationdruid.apache.org/­docs/­latest/­designcloud.google.com/­spanner/­docswww.postgresql.org/­docshelp.sap.com/­docs/­SAP_IQtrafodion.apache.org/­documentation.html
DeveloperApache Software Foundation and contributorsGooglePostgreSQL Global Development Group infowww.postgresql.org/­developerSAP, formerly SybaseApache Software Foundation, originally developed by HP
Initial release201220171989 info1989: Postgres, 1996: PostgreSQL19942014
Current release29.0.1, April 202416.3, May 202416.1 SPS04, April 20192.3.0, February 2019
License infoCommercial or Open SourceOpen Source infoApache license v2commercialOpen Source infoBSDcommercialOpen Source infoApache 2.0
Cloud-based only infoOnly available as a cloud servicenoyesnonono
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Implementation languageJavaCC++, Java
Server operating systemsLinux
OS X
Unix
hostedFreeBSD
HP-UX
Linux
NetBSD
OpenBSD
OS X
Solaris
Unix
Windows
AIX
HP-UX
Linux
Solaris
Windows
Linux
Data schemeyes infoschema-less columns are supportedyesyesyesyes
Typing infopredefined data types such as float or dateyesyesyesyesyes
XML support infoSome form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.nonoyes infospecific XML-type available, but no XML query functionality.nono
Secondary indexesyesyesyesyesyes
SQL infoSupport of SQLSQL for queryingyes infoQuery statements complying to ANSI 2011yes infostandard with numerous extensionsyesyes
APIs and other access methodsJDBC
RESTful HTTP/JSON API
gRPC (using protocol buffers) API
JDBC infoAt present, JDBC supports read-only queries. No support for DDL or DML statements.
RESTful HTTP API
ADO.NET
JDBC
native C library
ODBC
streaming API for large objects
ADO.NET
JDBC
ODBC
RESTful HTTP API
ADO.NET
JDBC
ODBC
Supported programming languagesClojure
JavaScript
PHP
Python
R
Ruby
Scala
Go
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
Python
.Net
C
C++
Delphi
Java infoJDBC
JavaScript (Node.js)
Perl
PHP
Python
Tcl
C
C#
C++
Java
Perl
PHP
Python
Ruby
All languages supporting JDBC/ODBC/ADO.Net
Server-side scripts infoStored proceduresnonouser defined functions inforealized in proprietary language PL/pgSQL or with common languages like Perl, Python, Tcl etc.yesJava Stored Procedures
Triggersnonoyesyesno
Partitioning methods infoMethods for storing different data on different nodesSharding infomanual/auto, time-basedShardingpartitioning by range, list and (since PostgreSQL 11) by hashshared disk or shared nothing architectures with SAP IQ MultiplexerSharding
Replication methods infoMethods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodesyes, via HDFS, S3 or other storage enginesMulti-source replication with 3 replicas for regional instances.Source-replica replication infoother methods possible by using 3rd party extensionsSAP/Sybase Replication Serveryes, via HBase
MapReduce infoOffers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methodsnoyes infousing Google Cloud DataflownoHadoop integrationyes infovia user defined functions and HBase
Consistency concepts infoMethods to ensure consistency in a distributed systemImmediate ConsistencyImmediate ConsistencyImmediate ConsistencyImmediate ConsistencyImmediate Consistency
Foreign keys infoReferential integritynoyes infoby using interleaved tables, this features focuses more on performance improvements than on referential integrityyesyesyes
Transaction concepts infoSupport to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of datanoACID infoStrict serializable isolationACIDACIDACID
Concurrency infoSupport for concurrent manipulation of datayesyesyesyesyes
Durability infoSupport for making data persistentyesyesyesyesyes
In-memory capabilities infoIs there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.nonononono
User concepts infoAccess controlRBAC using LDAP or Druid internals for users and groups for read/write by datasource and systemAccess rights for users, groups and roles based on Google Cloud Identity and Access Management (IAM)fine grained access rights according to SQL-standardfine grained access rights according to SQL-standardfine grained access rights according to SQL-standard

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Apache DruidGoogle Cloud SpannerPostgreSQLSAP IQ infoformer name: Sybase IQTrafodion
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