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DBMS > Apache Druid vs. Google Cloud Spanner vs. Ingres vs. PostgreSQL vs. Transbase

System Properties Comparison Apache Druid vs. Google Cloud Spanner vs. Ingres vs. PostgreSQL vs. Transbase

Editorial information provided by DB-Engines
NameApache Druid  Xexclude from comparisonGoogle Cloud Spanner  Xexclude from comparisonIngres  Xexclude from comparisonPostgreSQL  Xexclude from comparisonTransbase  Xexclude from comparison
DescriptionOpen-source analytics data store designed for sub-second OLAP queries on high dimensionality and high cardinality dataA horizontally scalable, globally consistent, relational database service. It is the externalization of the core Google database that runs the biggest aspects of Google, like Ads and Google Play.Well established RDBMSWidely used open source RDBMS infoDeveloped as objectoriented DBMS (Postgres), gradually enhanced with 'standards' like SQLA resource-optimized, high-performance, universally applicable RDBMS
Primary database modelRelational DBMS
Time Series DBMS
Relational DBMSRelational DBMSRelational DBMS infowith object oriented extensions, e.g.: user defined types/functions and inheritance. Handling of key/value pairs with hstore module.Relational DBMS
Secondary database modelsDocument store
Graph DBMS infowith Apache Age
Spatial DBMS
Vector DBMS infowith pgvector extension
DB-Engines Ranking infomeasures the popularity of database management systemsranking trend
Trend Chart
Score3.34
Rank#88  Overall
#48  Relational DBMS
#7  Time Series DBMS
Score2.89
Rank#103  Overall
#52  Relational DBMS
Score4.11
Rank#81  Overall
#44  Relational DBMS
Score645.54
Rank#4  Overall
#4  Relational DBMS
Score0.11
Rank#341  Overall
#150  Relational DBMS
Websitedruid.apache.orgcloud.google.com/­spannerwww.actian.com/­databases/­ingreswww.postgresql.orgwww.transaction.de/­en/­products/­transbase.html
Technical documentationdruid.apache.org/­docs/­latest/­designcloud.google.com/­spanner/­docsdocs.actian.com/­ingreswww.postgresql.org/­docswww.transaction.de/­en/­products/­transbase/­features.html
DeveloperApache Software Foundation and contributorsGoogleActian CorporationPostgreSQL Global Development Group infowww.postgresql.org/­developerTransaction Software GmbH
Initial release201220171974 infooriginally developed at University Berkely in early 1970s1989 info1989: Postgres, 1996: PostgreSQL1987
Current release29.0.1, April 202411.2, May 202216.3, May 2024Transbase 8.3, 2022
License infoCommercial or Open SourceOpen Source infoApache license v2commercialcommercialOpen Source infoBSDcommercial infofree development license
Cloud-based only infoOnly available as a cloud servicenoyesnonono
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Implementation languageJavaCCC and C++
Server operating systemsLinux
OS X
Unix
hostedAIX
HP Open VMS
HP-UX
Linux
Solaris
Windows
FreeBSD
HP-UX
Linux
NetBSD
OpenBSD
OS X
Solaris
Unix
Windows
FreeBSD
Linux
macOS
Solaris
Windows
Data schemeyes infoschema-less columns are supportedyesyesyesyes
Typing infopredefined data types such as float or dateyesyesyesyesyes
XML support infoSome form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.nonono infobut tools for importing/exporting data from/to XML-files availableyes infospecific XML-type available, but no XML query functionality.no
Secondary indexesyesyesyesyesyes
SQL infoSupport of SQLSQL for queryingyes infoQuery statements complying to ANSI 2011yesyes infostandard with numerous extensionsyes
APIs and other access methodsJDBC
RESTful HTTP/JSON API
gRPC (using protocol buffers) API
JDBC infoAt present, JDBC supports read-only queries. No support for DDL or DML statements.
RESTful HTTP API
.NET Client API
JDBC
ODBC
proprietary protocol (OpenAPI)
ADO.NET
JDBC
native C library
ODBC
streaming API for large objects
ADO.NET
JDBC
ODBC
Proprietary native API
Supported programming languagesClojure
JavaScript
PHP
Python
R
Ruby
Scala
Go
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
Python
.Net
C
C++
Delphi
Java infoJDBC
JavaScript (Node.js)
Perl
PHP
Python
Tcl
C
C#
C++
Java
JavaScript
Kotlin
Objective-C
PHP
Python
Server-side scripts infoStored proceduresnonoyesuser defined functions inforealized in proprietary language PL/pgSQL or with common languages like Perl, Python, Tcl etc.yes
Triggersnonoyesyesyes
Partitioning methods infoMethods for storing different data on different nodesSharding infomanual/auto, time-basedShardinghorizontal partitioning infoIngres Star to access multiple databases simultaneouslypartitioning by range, list and (since PostgreSQL 11) by hash
Replication methods infoMethods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodesyes, via HDFS, S3 or other storage enginesMulti-source replication with 3 replicas for regional instances.Ingres ReplicatorSource-replica replication infoother methods possible by using 3rd party extensionsSource-replica replication
MapReduce infoOffers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methodsnoyes infousing Google Cloud Dataflownonono
Consistency concepts infoMethods to ensure consistency in a distributed systemImmediate ConsistencyImmediate ConsistencyImmediate ConsistencyImmediate ConsistencyImmediate Consistency
Foreign keys infoReferential integritynoyes infoby using interleaved tables, this features focuses more on performance improvements than on referential integrityyesyesyes
Transaction concepts infoSupport to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of datanoACID infoStrict serializable isolationACIDACIDyes
Concurrency infoSupport for concurrent manipulation of datayesyesyes infoMVCCyesyes
Durability infoSupport for making data persistentyesyesyesyesyes
In-memory capabilities infoIs there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.nonononono
User concepts infoAccess controlRBAC using LDAP or Druid internals for users and groups for read/write by datasource and systemAccess rights for users, groups and roles based on Google Cloud Identity and Access Management (IAM)fine grained access rights according to SQL-standardfine grained access rights according to SQL-standardfine grained access rights according to SQL-standard

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More resources
Apache DruidGoogle Cloud SpannerIngresPostgreSQLTransbase
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