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DBMS > Apache Druid vs. Geode vs. Hawkular Metrics vs. Microsoft Azure Data Explorer vs. VelocityDB

System Properties Comparison Apache Druid vs. Geode vs. Hawkular Metrics vs. Microsoft Azure Data Explorer vs. VelocityDB

Editorial information provided by DB-Engines
NameApache Druid  Xexclude from comparisonGeode  Xexclude from comparisonHawkular Metrics  Xexclude from comparisonMicrosoft Azure Data Explorer  Xexclude from comparisonVelocityDB  Xexclude from comparison
DescriptionOpen-source analytics data store designed for sub-second OLAP queries on high dimensionality and high cardinality dataGeode is a distributed data container, pooling memory, CPU, network resources, and optionally local disk across multiple processesHawkular metrics is the metric storage of the Red Hat sponsored Hawkular monitoring system. It is based on Cassandra.Fully managed big data interactive analytics platformA .NET Object Database that can be embedded/distributed and extended to a graph data model (VelocityGraph)
Primary database modelRelational DBMS
Time Series DBMS
Key-value storeTime Series DBMSRelational DBMS infocolumn orientedGraph DBMS
Object oriented DBMS
Secondary database modelsDocument store infoIf a column is of type dynamic docs.microsoft.com/­en-us/­azure/­kusto/­query/­scalar-data-types/­dynamic then it's possible to add arbitrary JSON documents in this cell
Event Store infothis is the general usage pattern at Microsoft. Billing, Logs, Telemetry events are stored in ADX and the state of an individual entity is defined by the arg_max(timestamps)
Spatial DBMS
Search engine infosupport for complex search expressions docs.microsoft.com/­en-us/­azure/­kusto/­query/­parseoperator FTS, Geospatial docs.microsoft.com/­en-us/­azure/­kusto/­query/­geo-point-to-geohash-function distributed search -> ADX acts as a distributed search engine
Time Series DBMS infosee docs.microsoft.com/­en-us/­azure/­data-explorer/­time-series-analysis
DB-Engines Ranking infomeasures the popularity of database management systemsranking trend
Trend Chart
Score3.34
Rank#88  Overall
#48  Relational DBMS
#7  Time Series DBMS
Score1.92
Rank#131  Overall
#23  Key-value stores
Score0.00
Rank#379  Overall
#40  Time Series DBMS
Score4.38
Rank#77  Overall
#41  Relational DBMS
Score0.05
Rank#358  Overall
#36  Graph DBMS
#16  Object oriented DBMS
Websitedruid.apache.orggeode.apache.orgwww.hawkular.orgazure.microsoft.com/­services/­data-explorervelocitydb.com
Technical documentationdruid.apache.org/­docs/­latest/­designgeode.apache.org/­docswww.hawkular.org/­hawkular-metrics/­docs/­user-guidedocs.microsoft.com/­en-us/­azure/­data-explorervelocitydb.com/­UserGuide
DeveloperApache Software Foundation and contributorsOriginally developed by Gemstone. They outsourced the project to Apache in 2015 but still deliver a commercial version as Gemfire.Community supported by Red HatMicrosoftVelocityDB Inc
Initial release20122002201420192011
Current release29.0.1, April 20241.1, February 2017cloud service with continuous releases7.x
License infoCommercial or Open SourceOpen Source infoApache license v2Open Source infoApache Version 2; commercial licenses available as GemfireOpen Source infoApache 2.0commercialcommercial
Cloud-based only infoOnly available as a cloud servicenononoyesno
DBaaS offerings (sponsored links) infoDatabase as a Service

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Implementation languageJavaJavaJavaC#
Server operating systemsLinux
OS X
Unix
All OS with a Java VM infothe JDK (8 or later) is also requiredLinux
OS X
Windows
hostedAny that supports .NET
Data schemeyes infoschema-less columns are supportedschema-freeschema-freeFixed schema with schema-less datatypes (dynamic)yes
Typing infopredefined data types such as float or dateyesyesyesyes infobool, datetime, dynamic, guid, int, long, real, string, timespan, double: docs.microsoft.com/­en-us/­azure/­kusto/­query/­scalar-data-typesyes
XML support infoSome form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.nononoyesno
Secondary indexesyesnonoall fields are automatically indexedyes
SQL infoSupport of SQLSQL for queryingSQL-like query language (OQL)noKusto Query Language (KQL), SQL subsetno
APIs and other access methodsJDBC
RESTful HTTP/JSON API
Java Client API
Memcached protocol
RESTful HTTP API
HTTP RESTMicrosoft SQL Server communication protocol (MS-TDS)
RESTful HTTP API
.Net
Supported programming languagesClojure
JavaScript
PHP
Python
R
Ruby
Scala
.Net
All JVM based languages
C++
Groovy
Java
Scala
Go
Java
Python
Ruby
.Net
Go
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
PowerShell
Python
R
.Net
Server-side scripts infoStored proceduresnouser defined functionsnoYes, possible languages: KQL, Python, Rno
Triggersnoyes infoCache Event Listenersyes infovia Hawkular Alertingyes infosee docs.microsoft.com/­en-us/­azure/­kusto/­management/­updatepolicyCallbacks are triggered when data changes
Partitioning methods infoMethods for storing different data on different nodesSharding infomanual/auto, time-basedShardingSharding infobased on CassandraSharding infoImplicit feature of the cloud serviceSharding
Replication methods infoMethods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodesyes, via HDFS, S3 or other storage enginesMulti-source replicationselectable replication factor infobased on Cassandrayes infoImplicit feature of the cloud service. Replication either local, cross-facility or geo-redundant.
MapReduce infoOffers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methodsnononoSpark connector (open source): github.com/­Azure/­azure-kusto-sparkno
Consistency concepts infoMethods to ensure consistency in a distributed systemImmediate ConsistencyEventual ConsistencyEventual Consistency infobased on Cassandra
Immediate Consistency infobased on Cassandra
Eventual Consistency
Immediate Consistency
Immediate Consistency
Foreign keys infoReferential integritynonononono
Transaction concepts infoSupport to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of datanoyes, on a single nodenonoACID
Concurrency infoSupport for concurrent manipulation of datayesyesyesyesyes
Durability infoSupport for making data persistentyesyesyesyesyes
In-memory capabilities infoIs there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.noyesnonoyes
User concepts infoAccess controlRBAC using LDAP or Druid internals for users and groups for read/write by datasource and systemAccess rights per client and object definablenoAzure Active Directory AuthenticationBased on Windows Authentication

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More resources
Apache DruidGeodeHawkular MetricsMicrosoft Azure Data ExplorerVelocityDB
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