DBMS > Apache Druid vs. FoundationDB vs. H2 vs. Hazelcast vs. Microsoft SQL Server

System Properties Comparison Apache Druid vs. FoundationDB vs. H2 vs. Hazelcast vs. Microsoft SQL Server

Editorial information provided by DB-Engines

Name

Created as commercial project in 2013, FoundationDB has been acquired by Apple in March 2015 and was withdrawn from the market. As a consequence, the product was removed from the DB-Engines ranking. In April 2018, Apple open-sourced FoundationDB and it therefore reappears in the ranking.

Description

Open-source analytics data store designed for sub-second OLAP queries on high dimensionality and high cardinality data

Ordered key-value store. Core features are complimented by layers.

Full-featured RDBMS with a small footprint, either embedded into a Java application or used as a database server.

A widely adopted in-memory data grid

Microsofts flagship relational DBMS

Primary database model

Relational DBMS
Time Series DBMS

Document store

supported via specific layer
Key-value store
Relational DBMS

supported via specific SQL-layer

Relational DBMS

Key-value store

Relational DBMS

Secondary database models

Spatial DBMS

Document store

JSON support with IMDG 3.12

Document store
Graph DBMS
Spatial DBMS

DB-Engines Ranking measures the popularity of database management systems
Trend Chart

Score	3.34
Rank	#88	Overall
	#48	Relational DBMS
	#7	Time Series DBMS

Score	1.03
Rank	#190	Overall
	#31	Document stores
	#28	Key-value stores
	#89	Relational DBMS

Score	8.13
Rank	#49	Overall
	#31	Relational DBMS

Score	5.97
Rank	#57	Overall
	#6	Key-value stores

Score	824.29
Rank	#3	Overall
	#3	Relational DBMS

Website

druid.apache.org

github.com/apple/foundationdb

www.h2database.com

hazelcast.com

www.microsoft.com/en-us/sql-server

Technical documentation

druid.apache.org/docs/latest/design

apple.github.io/foundationdb

www.h2database.com/html/main.html

hazelcast.org/imdg/docs

learn.microsoft.com/en-US/sql/sql-server

Developer

Apache Software Foundation and contributors

FoundationDB

Thomas Mueller

Hazelcast

Microsoft

Initial release

2012

2013

2005

2008

1989

Current release

29.0.1, April 2024

6.2.28, November 2020

2.2.220, July 2023

5.3.6, November 2023

SQL Server 2022, November 2022

License

Commercial or Open Source

Open Source

Apache license v2

Open Source

Apache 2.0

Open Source

dual-licence (Mozilla public license, Eclipse public license)

Open Source

Apache Version 2; commercial licenses available

commercial

restricted free version is available

Cloud-based only

Only available as a cloud service

DBaaS offerings (sponsored links)

Database as a Service

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Implementation language

Java

C++

Java

C++

Server operating systems

Linux
OS X
Unix

Linux
OS X
Windows

All OS with a Java VM

Linux
Windows

Data scheme

yes

schema-less columns are supported

schema-free

some layers support schemas

yes

schema-free

yes

Typing

predefined data types such as float or date

yes

some layers support typing

yes

XML support

Some form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.

yes

the object must implement a serialization strategy

yes

Secondary indexes

yes

SQL

Support of SQL

SQL for querying

supported in specific SQL layer only

yes

SQL-like query language

yes

APIs and other access methods

JDBC
RESTful HTTP/JSON API

JDBC
ODBC

JCache
JPA
Memcached protocol
RESTful HTTP API

ADO.NET
JDBC
ODBC
OLE DB
Tabular Data Stream (TDS)

Supported programming languages

Clojure
JavaScript
PHP
Python
R
Ruby
Scala

.Net
C
C++
Go
Java
JavaScript

Node.js
PHP
Python
Ruby
Swift

Java

.Net
C#
C++
Clojure
Go
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
Python
Scala

C#
C++
Delphi
Go
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
PHP
Python
R
Ruby
Visual Basic

Server-side scripts

Stored procedures

in SQL-layer only

Java Stored Procedures and User-Defined Functions

yes

Event Listeners, Executor Services

Transact SQL, .NET languages, R, Python and (with SQL Server 2019) Java

Triggers

yes

Events

yes

Partitioning methods

Methods for storing different data on different nodes

Sharding

manual/auto, time-based

Sharding

none

Sharding

tables can be distributed across several files (horizontal partitioning); sharding through federation

Replication methods

Methods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodes

yes, via HDFS, S3 or other storage engines

yes

With clustering: 2 database servers on different computers operate on identical copies of a database

yes

Replicated Map

yes, but depending on the SQL-Server Edition

MapReduce

Offers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methods

yes

Consistency concepts

Methods to ensure consistency in a distributed system

Immediate Consistency

Linearizable consistency

Immediate Consistency

Immediate Consistency or Eventual Consistency selectable by user

Raft Consensus Algorithm

Immediate Consistency

Foreign keys

Referential integrity

in SQL-layer only

yes

Transaction concepts

Support to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of data

ACID

one or two-phase-commit; repeatable reads; read commited

ACID

Concurrency

Support for concurrent manipulation of data

yes

yes, multi-version concurrency control (MVCC)

yes

Durability

Support for making data persistent

yes

In-memory capabilities

Is there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.

yes

User concepts

Access control

RBAC using LDAP or Druid internals for users and groups for read/write by datasource and system

fine grained access rights according to SQL-standard

Role-based access control

fine grained access rights according to SQL-standard

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