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DBMS > Apache Druid vs. Firebird vs. Hazelcast vs. Heroic vs. Microsoft Azure Data Explorer

System Properties Comparison Apache Druid vs. Firebird vs. Hazelcast vs. Heroic vs. Microsoft Azure Data Explorer

Editorial information provided by DB-Engines
NameApache Druid  Xexclude from comparisonFirebird  Xexclude from comparisonHazelcast  Xexclude from comparisonHeroic  Xexclude from comparisonMicrosoft Azure Data Explorer  Xexclude from comparison
DescriptionOpen-source analytics data store designed for sub-second OLAP queries on high dimensionality and high cardinality dataFirebird is an open source RDBMS forked from Borland's InterBaseA widely adopted in-memory data gridTime Series DBMS built at Spotify based on Cassandra or Google Cloud Bigtable, and ElasticSearchFully managed big data interactive analytics platform
Primary database modelRelational DBMS
Time Series DBMS
Relational DBMSKey-value storeTime Series DBMSRelational DBMS infocolumn oriented
Secondary database modelsDocument store infoJSON support with IMDG 3.12Document store infoIf a column is of type dynamic docs.microsoft.com/­en-us/­azure/­kusto/­query/­scalar-data-types/­dynamic then it's possible to add arbitrary JSON documents in this cell
Event Store infothis is the general usage pattern at Microsoft. Billing, Logs, Telemetry events are stored in ADX and the state of an individual entity is defined by the arg_max(timestamps)
Spatial DBMS
Search engine infosupport for complex search expressions docs.microsoft.com/­en-us/­azure/­kusto/­query/­parseoperator FTS, Geospatial docs.microsoft.com/­en-us/­azure/­kusto/­query/­geo-point-to-geohash-function distributed search -> ADX acts as a distributed search engine
Time Series DBMS infosee docs.microsoft.com/­en-us/­azure/­data-explorer/­time-series-analysis
DB-Engines Ranking infomeasures the popularity of database management systemsranking trend
Trend Chart
Score3.34
Rank#88  Overall
#48  Relational DBMS
#7  Time Series DBMS
Score20.82
Rank#30  Overall
#18  Relational DBMS
Score5.97
Rank#57  Overall
#6  Key-value stores
Score0.51
Rank#255  Overall
#21  Time Series DBMS
Score4.38
Rank#77  Overall
#41  Relational DBMS
Websitedruid.apache.orgwww.firebirdsql.orghazelcast.comgithub.com/­spotify/­heroicazure.microsoft.com/­services/­data-explorer
Technical documentationdruid.apache.org/­docs/­latest/­designwww.firebirdsql.org/­en/­reference-manualshazelcast.org/­imdg/­docsspotify.github.io/­heroicdocs.microsoft.com/­en-us/­azure/­data-explorer
DeveloperApache Software Foundation and contributorsFirebird FoundationHazelcastSpotifyMicrosoft
Initial release20122000 infoAs fork of Borland's InterBase200820142019
Current release29.0.1, April 20245.0.0, January 20245.3.6, November 2023cloud service with continuous releases
License infoCommercial or Open SourceOpen Source infoApache license v2Open Source infoInitial Developer's Public LicenseOpen Source infoApache Version 2; commercial licenses availableOpen Source infoApache 2.0commercial
Cloud-based only infoOnly available as a cloud servicenonononoyes
DBaaS offerings (sponsored links) infoDatabase as a Service

Providers of DBaaS offerings, please contact us to be listed.
Implementation languageJavaC and C++JavaJava
Server operating systemsLinux
OS X
Unix
AIX
FreeBSD
HP-UX
Linux
OS X
server-less infoFirebird Embedded Server
Solaris
Unix
Windows
All OS with a Java VMhosted
Data schemeyes infoschema-less columns are supportedyesschema-freeschema-freeFixed schema with schema-less datatypes (dynamic)
Typing infopredefined data types such as float or dateyesyesyesyesyes infobool, datetime, dynamic, guid, int, long, real, string, timespan, double: docs.microsoft.com/­en-us/­azure/­kusto/­query/­scalar-data-types
XML support infoSome form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.noyes infothe object must implement a serialization strategynoyes
Secondary indexesyesyesyesyes infovia Elasticsearchall fields are automatically indexed
SQL infoSupport of SQLSQL for queryingyesSQL-like query languagenoKusto Query Language (KQL), SQL subset
APIs and other access methodsJDBC
RESTful HTTP/JSON API
ADO.NET
C/C++ API
JDBC infoJaybird
ODBC
OLE DB
JCache
JPA
Memcached protocol
RESTful HTTP API
HQL (Heroic Query Language, a JSON-based language)
HTTP API
Microsoft SQL Server communication protocol (MS-TDS)
RESTful HTTP API
Supported programming languagesClojure
JavaScript
PHP
Python
R
Ruby
Scala
C
C#
C++
Delphi
Java
JavaScript infoNode.js
Lua
Perl
PHP
Python
Ruby
.Net
C#
C++
Clojure
Go
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
Python
Scala
.Net
Go
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
PowerShell
Python
R
Server-side scripts infoStored proceduresnoPSQLyes infoEvent Listeners, Executor ServicesnoYes, possible languages: KQL, Python, R
Triggersnoyesyes infoEventsnoyes infosee docs.microsoft.com/­en-us/­azure/­kusto/­management/­updatepolicy
Partitioning methods infoMethods for storing different data on different nodesSharding infomanual/auto, time-basednoneShardingShardingSharding infoImplicit feature of the cloud service
Replication methods infoMethods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodesyes, via HDFS, S3 or other storage enginesSource-replica replicationyes infoReplicated Mapyesyes infoImplicit feature of the cloud service. Replication either local, cross-facility or geo-redundant.
MapReduce infoOffers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methodsnonoyesnoSpark connector (open source): github.com/­Azure/­azure-kusto-spark
Consistency concepts infoMethods to ensure consistency in a distributed systemImmediate ConsistencyImmediate Consistency or Eventual Consistency selectable by user infoRaft Consensus AlgorithmEventual Consistency
Immediate Consistency
Eventual Consistency
Immediate Consistency
Foreign keys infoReferential integritynoyesnonono
Transaction concepts infoSupport to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of datanoACIDone or two-phase-commit; repeatable reads; read commitednono
Concurrency infoSupport for concurrent manipulation of datayesyes infoFeatures a multi-generational MVCC architecture, readers do not block writersyesyesyes
Durability infoSupport for making data persistentyesyesyesyesyes
In-memory capabilities infoIs there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.noyesnono
User concepts infoAccess controlRBAC using LDAP or Druid internals for users and groups for read/write by datasource and systemUsers with fine-grained authorization conceptRole-based access controlAzure Active Directory Authentication

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More resources
Apache DruidFirebirdHazelcastHeroicMicrosoft Azure Data Explorer
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