DBMS > Apache Druid vs. Elasticsearch vs. Microsoft SQL Server vs. Rockset vs. StarRocks

System Properties Comparison Apache Druid vs. Elasticsearch vs. Microsoft SQL Server vs. Rockset vs. StarRocks

Editorial information provided by DB-Engines

Name

Description

Open-source analytics data store designed for sub-second OLAP queries on high dimensionality and high cardinality data

A distributed, RESTful modern search and analytics engine based on Apache Lucene

Elasticsearch lets you perform and combine many types of searches such as structured, unstructured, geo, and metric

Microsofts flagship relational DBMS

A scalable, reliable search and analytics service in the cloud, built on RocksDB

An open source, high-performance columnar analytical database that enables real-time, multi-dimensional, and highly concurrent data analytics

Forked from Apache Doris

Primary database model

Relational DBMS
Time Series DBMS

Secondary database models

Document store
Spatial DBMS
Vector DBMS

Document store
Graph DBMS
Spatial DBMS

Relational DBMS
Search engine

DB-Engines Ranking measures the popularity of database management systems
Trend Chart

Score	2.85
Rank	#96	Overall
	#50	Relational DBMS
	#6	Time Series DBMS

Score	128.79
Rank	#8	Overall
	#1	Search engines

Score	807.76
Rank	#3	Overall
	#3	Relational DBMS

Score	1.07
Rank	#180	Overall
	#31	Document stores

Score	0.95
Rank	#193	Overall
	#89	Relational DBMS

Website

druid.apache.org

www.elastic.co/elasticsearch

www.microsoft.com/en-us/sql-server

rockset.com

www.starrocks.io

Technical documentation

druid.apache.org/docs/latest/design

www.elastic.co/guide/en/elasticsearch/reference/current/index.html

learn.microsoft.com/en-US/sql/sql-server

docs.rockset.com

docs.starrocks.io/en-us/latest/introduction/StarRocks_intro

Developer

Apache Software Foundation and contributors

Elastic

Microsoft

Rockset

The Linux Foundation

since Feb 2023

Initial release

2012

2010

1989

2019

2020

Current release

30.0.0, June 2024

8.6, January 2023

SQL Server 2022, November 2022

3.3, June 2024

License

Commercial or Open Source

Open Source

Apache license v2

Open Source

Elastic License

commercial

restricted free version is available

commercial

Open Source

Apache Version 2.0

Cloud-based only

Only available as a cloud service

yes

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Implementation language

Java

C++

C++, Java

Server operating systems

Linux
OS X
Unix

All OS with a Java VM

Linux
Windows

hosted

Linux

Data scheme

yes

schema-less columns are supported

schema-free

Flexible type definitions. Once a type is defined, it is persistent

yes

schema-free

yes

Typing

predefined data types such as float or date

yes

dynamic typing

yes

XML support

Some form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.

yes

ingestion from XML files supported

Secondary indexes

yes

All search fields are automatically indexed

yes

all fields are automatically indexed

yes

SQL

Support of SQL

SQL for querying

SQL-like query language

yes

Read-only SQL queries, including JOINs

yes

APIs and other access methods

JDBC
RESTful HTTP/JSON API

Java API
RESTful HTTP/JSON API

ADO.NET
JDBC
ODBC
OLE DB
Tabular Data Stream (TDS)

HTTP REST

JDBC
MySQL protocol

Supported programming languages

Clojure
JavaScript
PHP
Python
R
Ruby
Scala

.Net
Groovy
Community Contributed Clients
Java
JavaScript
Perl
PHP
Python
Ruby

C#
C++
Delphi
Go
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
PHP
Python
R
Ruby
Visual Basic

Go
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
Python

Java

Server-side scripts

Stored procedures

yes

Transact SQL, .NET languages, R, Python and (with SQL Server 2019) Java

user defined functions

Triggers

yes

by using the 'percolation' feature

yes

Partitioning methods

Methods for storing different data on different nodes

Sharding

manual/auto, time-based

Sharding

tables can be distributed across several files (horizontal partitioning); sharding through federation

Automatic sharding

horizontal partitioning (by range and hash)

Replication methods

Methods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodes

yes, via HDFS, S3 or other storage engines

yes

yes, but depending on the SQL-Server Edition

yes

MapReduce

Offers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methods

ES-Hadoop Connector

Consistency concepts

Methods to ensure consistency in a distributed system

Immediate Consistency

Eventual Consistency

Synchronous doc based replication. Get by ID may show delays up to 1 sec. Configurable write consistency: one, quorum, all

Immediate Consistency

Eventual Consistency

Immediate Consistency

Foreign keys

Referential integrity

yes

Transaction concepts

Support to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of data

ACID

Concurrency

Support for concurrent manipulation of data

yes

Durability

Support for making data persistent

yes

In-memory capabilities

Is there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.

Memcached and Redis integration

yes

User concepts

Access control

RBAC using LDAP or Druid internals for users and groups for read/write by datasource and system

fine grained access rights according to SQL-standard

Access rights for users and organizations can be defined via Rockset console

Role based access control and fine grained access rights

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