DBMS > Apache Druid vs. Elasticsearch vs. FoundationDB vs. HBase vs. Tarantool
System Properties Comparison Apache Druid vs. Elasticsearch vs. FoundationDB vs. HBase vs. Tarantool
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| Name | Apache Druid Xexclude from comparison | Elasticsearch Xexclude from comparison | FoundationDB Xexclude from comparison | HBase Xexclude from comparison | Tarantool Xexclude from comparison | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Created as commercial project in 2013, FoundationDB has been acquired by Apple in March 2015 and was withdrawn from the market. As a consequence, the product was removed from the DB-Engines ranking. In April 2018, Apple open-sourced FoundationDB and it therefore reappears in the ranking. | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Description | Open-source analytics data store designed for sub-second OLAP queries on high dimensionality and high cardinality data | A distributed, RESTful modern search and analytics engine based on Apache Lucene  Elasticsearch lets you perform and combine many types of searches such as structured, unstructured, geo, and metric | Ordered key-value store. Core features are complimented by layers. | Wide-column store based on Apache Hadoop and on concepts of BigTable | In-memory computing platform with a flexible data schema for efficiently building high-performance applications | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Primary database model | Relational DBMS Time Series DBMS | Search engine | Document store supported via specific layer Key-value store Relational DBMS supported via specific SQL-layer | Wide column store | Document store Key-value store Relational DBMS | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Secondary database models | Document store Spatial DBMS Vector DBMS | Spatial DBMS with Tarantool/GIS extension | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
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| Website | druid.apache.org | www.elastic.co/elasticsearch | github.com/apple/foundationdb | hbase.apache.org | www.tarantool.io | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Technical documentation | druid.apache.org/docs/latest/design | www.elastic.co/guide/en/elasticsearch/reference/current/index.html | apple.github.io/foundationdb | hbase.apache.org/book.html | www.tarantool.io/en/doc | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Developer | Apache Software Foundation and contributors | Elastic | FoundationDB | Apache Software Foundation Apache top-level project, originally developed by Powerset | VK | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Initial release | 2012 | 2010 | 2013 | 2008 | 2008 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Current release | 29.0.1, April 2024 | 8.6, January 2023 | 6.2.28, November 2020 | 2.3.4, January 2021 | 2.10.0, May 2022 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| License Commercial or Open Source | Open Source Apache license v2 | Open Source Elastic License | Open Source Apache 2.0 | Open Source Apache version 2 | Open Source BSD-2, source-available extensions (modules), commercial licenses for Tarantool Enterprise | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Cloud-based only Only available as a cloud service | no | no | no | no | no | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
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| Implementation language | Java | Java | C++ | Java | C and C++ | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Server operating systems | Linux OS X Unix | All OS with a Java VM | Linux OS X Windows | Linux Unix Windows using Cygwin | BSD Linux macOS | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Data scheme | yes schema-less columns are supported | schema-free Flexible type definitions. Once a type is defined, it is persistent | schema-free some layers support schemas | schema-free, schema definition possible | Flexible data schema: relational definition for tables with ability to store json-like documents in columns | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Typing predefined data types such as float or date | yes | yes | no some layers support typing | options to bring your own types, AVRO | string, double, decimal, uuid, integer, blob, boolean, datetime | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| XML support Some form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT. | no | no | no | no | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Secondary indexes | yes | yes All search fields are automatically indexed | no | no | yes | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| SQL Support of SQL | SQL for querying | SQL-like query language | supported in specific SQL layer only | no | Full-featured ANSI SQL support | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| APIs and other access methods | JDBC RESTful HTTP/JSON API | Java API RESTful HTTP/JSON API | Java API RESTful HTTP API Thrift | Open binary protocol | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Supported programming languages | Clojure JavaScript PHP Python R Ruby Scala | .Net Groovy Community Contributed Clients Java JavaScript Perl PHP Python Ruby | .Net C C++ Go Java JavaScript Node.jsPHP Python Ruby Swift | C C# C++ Groovy Java PHP Python Scala | C C# C++ Erlang Go Java JavaScript Lua Perl PHP Python Rust | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Server-side scripts Stored procedures | no | yes | in SQL-layer only | yes Coprocessors in Java | Lua, C and SQL stored procedures | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Triggers | no | yes by using the 'percolation' feature | no | yes | yes, before/after data modification events, on replication events, client session events | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Partitioning methods Methods for storing different data on different nodes | Sharding manual/auto, time-based | Sharding | Sharding | Sharding | Sharding, partitioned with virtual buckets by user defined affinity key. Live resharding for scale up and scale down without maintenance downtime. | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Replication methods Methods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodes | yes, via HDFS, S3 or other storage engines | yes | yes | Multi-source replication Source-replica replication | Asynchronous replication with multi-master option Configurable replication topology (full-mesh, chain, star) Synchronous quorum replication (with Raft) | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| MapReduce Offers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methods | no | ES-Hadoop Connector | no | yes | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Consistency concepts Methods to ensure consistency in a distributed system | Immediate Consistency | Eventual Consistency Synchronous doc based replication. Get by ID may show delays up to 1 sec. Configurable write consistency: one, quorum, all | Linearizable consistency | Immediate Consistency or Eventual Consistency | Casual consistency across sharding partitions Eventual consistency within replicaset partition when using asyncronous replicationImmediate Consistency within single instance Sequential consistency including linearizable read within replicaset partition when using Raft | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Foreign keys Referential integrity | no | no | in SQL-layer only | no | yes | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Transaction concepts Support to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of data | no | no | ACID | Single row ACID (across millions of columns) | ACID, with serializable isolation and linearizable read (within partition); Configurable MVCC (within partition); No cross-shard distributed transactions | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Concurrency Support for concurrent manipulation of data | yes | yes | yes | yes | yes, cooperative multitasking | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Durability Support for making data persistent | yes | yes | yes | yes | yes, write ahead logging | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| In-memory capabilities Is there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only. | no | Memcached and Redis integration | yes | yes, full featured in-memory storage engine with persistence | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| User concepts Access control | RBAC using LDAP or Druid internals for users and groups for read/write by datasource and system | no | Access Control Lists (ACL) for RBAC, integration with Apache Ranger for RBAC & ABAC | Access Control Lists Mutual TLS authentication for Tarantol Enterprise Password based authentication Role-based access control (RBAC) and LDAP for Tarantol Enterprise Users and Roles | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
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| Apache Druid | Elasticsearch | FoundationDB | HBase | Tarantool | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
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