DBMS > Apache Druid vs. Dgraph vs. Google Cloud Bigtable vs. SQLite vs. YDB

System Properties Comparison Apache Druid vs. Dgraph vs. Google Cloud Bigtable vs. SQLite vs. YDB

Editorial information provided by DB-Engines

Name

Description

Open-source analytics data store designed for sub-second OLAP queries on high dimensionality and high cardinality data

Distributed and scalable native Graph DBMS

Google's NoSQL Big Data database service. It's the same database that powers many core Google services, including Search, Analytics, Maps, and Gmail.

Widely used embeddable, in-process RDBMS

A distributed fault-tolerant database service, with high availability, scalability, immediate consistency and ACID transactions and providing an Amazon DynamoDB compatible API

Primary database model

Relational DBMS
Time Series DBMS

Graph DBMS

Key-value store
Wide column store

Relational DBMS

Document store
Relational DBMS

DB-Engines Ranking measures the popularity of database management systems
Trend Chart

Score	3.34
Rank	#88	Overall
	#48	Relational DBMS
	#7	Time Series DBMS

Score	1.45
Rank	#156	Overall
	#15	Graph DBMS

Score	3.26
Rank	#92	Overall
	#13	Key-value stores
	#8	Wide column stores

Score	114.32
Rank	#10	Overall
	#7	Relational DBMS

Score	0.35
Rank	#278	Overall
	#43	Document stores
	#127	Relational DBMS

Website

druid.apache.org

dgraph.io

cloud.google.com/bigtable

www.sqlite.org

github.com/ydb-platform/ydb
ydb.tech

Technical documentation

druid.apache.org/docs/latest/design

dgraph.io/docs

cloud.google.com/bigtable/docs

www.sqlite.org/docs.html

ydb.tech/en/docs

Developer

Apache Software Foundation and contributors

Dgraph Labs, Inc.

Google

Dwayne Richard Hipp

Yandex

Initial release

2012

2016

2015

2000

2019

Current release

29.0.1, April 2024

3.45.3 (15 April 2024), April 2024

License

Commercial or Open Source

Open Source

Apache license v2

Open Source

Apache 2.0

commercial

Open Source

Public Domain

Open Source

Apache 2.0; commercial license available

Cloud-based only

Only available as a cloud service

yes

DBaaS offerings (sponsored links)

Database as a Service

Providers of DBaaS offerings, please contact us to be listed.

Implementation language

Java

Server operating systems

Linux
OS X
Unix

Linux
OS X
Windows

hosted

server-less

Linux

Data scheme

yes

schema-less columns are supported

schema-free

yes

dynamic column types

Flexible Schema (defined schema, partial schema, schema free)

Typing

predefined data types such as float or date

yes

not rigid because of 'dynamic typing' concept.

yes

XML support

Some form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.

Secondary indexes

yes

SQL

Support of SQL

SQL for querying

yes

SQL-92 is not fully supported

SQL-like query language (YQL)

APIs and other access methods

JDBC
RESTful HTTP/JSON API

GraphQL query language
gRPC (using protocol buffers) API
HTTP API

gRPC (using protocol buffers) API
HappyBase (Python library)
HBase compatible API (Java)

ADO.NET

inofficial driver
JDBC

inofficial driver
ODBC

inofficial driver

RESTful HTTP API (DynamoDB compatible)

Supported programming languages

Clojure
JavaScript
PHP
Python
R
Ruby
Scala

C#
C++
Go
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
PHP
Python
Ruby

C#
C++
Go
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
Python

Actionscript
Ada
Basic
C
C#
C++
D
Delphi
Forth
Fortran
Haskell
Java
JavaScript
Lisp
Lua
MatLab
Objective-C
OCaml
Perl
PHP
PL/SQL
Python
R
Ruby
Scala
Scheme
Smalltalk
Tcl

Go
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
PHP
Python

Server-side scripts

Stored procedures

Triggers

yes

Partitioning methods

Methods for storing different data on different nodes

Sharding

manual/auto, time-based

yes

Sharding

none

Sharding

Replication methods

Methods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodes

yes, via HDFS, S3 or other storage engines

Synchronous replication via Raft

Internal replication in Colossus, and regional replication between two clusters in different zones

none

Active-passive shard replication

MapReduce

Offers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methods

yes

Consistency concepts

Methods to ensure consistency in a distributed system

Immediate Consistency

Immediate consistency (for a single cluster), Eventual consistency (for two or more replicated clusters)

Immediate Consistency

Foreign keys

Referential integrity

yes

Transaction concepts

Support to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of data

ACID

Atomic single-row operations

ACID

Concurrency

Support for concurrent manipulation of data

yes

via file-system locks

yes

Durability

Support for making data persistent

yes

In-memory capabilities

Is there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.

yes

User concepts

Access control

RBAC using LDAP or Druid internals for users and groups for read/write by datasource and system

Planned for future releases

Access rights for users, groups and roles based on Google Cloud Identity and Access Management (IAM)

Access rights defined for Yandex Cloud users

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