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DBMS > Apache Druid vs. Dgraph vs. FatDB vs. Google Cloud Spanner vs. TimescaleDB

System Properties Comparison Apache Druid vs. Dgraph vs. FatDB vs. Google Cloud Spanner vs. TimescaleDB

Editorial information provided by DB-Engines
NameApache Druid  Xexclude from comparisonDgraph  Xexclude from comparisonFatDB  Xexclude from comparisonGoogle Cloud Spanner  Xexclude from comparisonTimescaleDB  Xexclude from comparison
FatDB/FatCloud has ceased operations as a company with February 2014. FatDB is discontinued and excluded from the ranking.
DescriptionOpen-source analytics data store designed for sub-second OLAP queries on high dimensionality and high cardinality dataDistributed and scalable native Graph DBMSA .NET NoSQL DBMS that can integrate with and extend SQL Server.A horizontally scalable, globally consistent, relational database service. It is the externalization of the core Google database that runs the biggest aspects of Google, like Ads and Google Play.A time series DBMS optimized for fast ingest and complex queries, based on PostgreSQL
Primary database modelRelational DBMS
Time Series DBMS
Graph DBMSDocument store
Key-value store
Relational DBMSTime Series DBMS
Secondary database modelsRelational DBMS
DB-Engines Ranking infomeasures the popularity of database management systemsranking trend
Trend Chart
Score3.34
Rank#88  Overall
#48  Relational DBMS
#7  Time Series DBMS
Score1.45
Rank#156  Overall
#15  Graph DBMS
Score2.89
Rank#103  Overall
#52  Relational DBMS
Score4.64
Rank#71  Overall
#4  Time Series DBMS
Websitedruid.apache.orgdgraph.iocloud.google.com/­spannerwww.timescale.com
Technical documentationdruid.apache.org/­docs/­latest/­designdgraph.io/­docscloud.google.com/­spanner/­docsdocs.timescale.com
DeveloperApache Software Foundation and contributorsDgraph Labs, Inc.FatCloudGoogleTimescale
Initial release20122016201220172017
Current release29.0.1, April 20242.15.0, May 2024
License infoCommercial or Open SourceOpen Source infoApache license v2Open Source infoApache 2.0commercialcommercialOpen Source infoApache 2.0
Cloud-based only infoOnly available as a cloud servicenononoyesno
DBaaS offerings (sponsored links) infoDatabase as a Service

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Implementation languageJavaGoC#C
Server operating systemsLinux
OS X
Unix
Linux
OS X
Windows
WindowshostedLinux
OS X
Windows
Data schemeyes infoschema-less columns are supportedschema-freeschema-freeyesyes
Typing infopredefined data types such as float or dateyesyesyesyesnumerics, strings, booleans, arrays, JSON blobs, geospatial dimensions, currencies, binary data, other complex data types
XML support infoSome form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.nononoyes
Secondary indexesyesyesyesyesyes
SQL infoSupport of SQLSQL for queryingnono infoVia inetgration in SQL Serveryes infoQuery statements complying to ANSI 2011yes infofull PostgreSQL SQL syntax
APIs and other access methodsJDBC
RESTful HTTP/JSON API
GraphQL query language
gRPC (using protocol buffers) API
HTTP API
.NET Client API
LINQ
RESTful HTTP API
RPC
Windows WCF Bindings
gRPC (using protocol buffers) API
JDBC infoAt present, JDBC supports read-only queries. No support for DDL or DML statements.
RESTful HTTP API
ADO.NET
JDBC
native C library
ODBC
streaming API for large objects
Supported programming languagesClojure
JavaScript
PHP
Python
R
Ruby
Scala
C#
C++
Go
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
PHP
Python
Ruby
C#Go
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
Python
.Net
C
C++
Delphi
Java infoJDBC
JavaScript
Perl
PHP
Python
R
Ruby
Scheme
Tcl
Server-side scripts infoStored proceduresnonoyes infovia applicationsnouser defined functions, PL/pgSQL, PL/Tcl, PL/Perl, PL/Python, PL/Java, PL/PHP, PL/R, PL/Ruby, PL/Scheme, PL/Unix shell
Triggersnonoyes infovia applicationsnoyes
Partitioning methods infoMethods for storing different data on different nodesSharding infomanual/auto, time-basedyesShardingShardingyes, across time and space (hash partitioning) attributes
Replication methods infoMethods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodesyes, via HDFS, S3 or other storage enginesSynchronous replication via Raftselectable replication factorMulti-source replication with 3 replicas for regional instances.Source-replica replication with hot standby and reads on replicas info
MapReduce infoOffers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methodsnonoyesyes infousing Google Cloud Dataflowno
Consistency concepts infoMethods to ensure consistency in a distributed systemImmediate ConsistencyImmediate ConsistencyEventual Consistency
Immediate Consistency
Immediate ConsistencyImmediate Consistency
Foreign keys infoReferential integritynononoyes infoby using interleaved tables, this features focuses more on performance improvements than on referential integrityyes
Transaction concepts infoSupport to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of datanoACIDnoACID infoStrict serializable isolationACID
Concurrency infoSupport for concurrent manipulation of datayesyesyesyesyes
Durability infoSupport for making data persistentyesyesyesyesyes
In-memory capabilities infoIs there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.nonono
User concepts infoAccess controlRBAC using LDAP or Druid internals for users and groups for read/write by datasource and systemno infoPlanned for future releasesno infoCan implement custom security layer via applicationsAccess rights for users, groups and roles based on Google Cloud Identity and Access Management (IAM)fine grained access rights according to SQL-standard

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More resources
Apache DruidDgraphFatDBGoogle Cloud SpannerTimescaleDB
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