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DBMS > Apache Druid vs. Derby vs. DuckDB vs. OrientDB vs. SwayDB

System Properties Comparison Apache Druid vs. Derby vs. DuckDB vs. OrientDB vs. SwayDB

Editorial information provided by DB-Engines
NameApache Druid  Xexclude from comparisonDerby infooften called Apache Derby, originally IBM Cloudscape; contained in the Java SDK as JavaDB  Xexclude from comparisonDuckDB  Xexclude from comparisonOrientDB  Xexclude from comparisonSwayDB  Xexclude from comparison
DescriptionOpen-source analytics data store designed for sub-second OLAP queries on high dimensionality and high cardinality dataFull-featured RDBMS with a small footprint, either embedded into a Java application or used as a database server.An embeddable, in-process, column-oriented SQL OLAP RDBMSMulti-model DBMS (Document, Graph, Key/Value)An embeddable, non-blocking, type-safe key-value store for single or multiple disks and in-memory storage
Primary database modelRelational DBMS
Time Series DBMS
Relational DBMSRelational DBMSDocument store
Graph DBMS
Key-value store
Key-value store
DB-Engines Ranking infomeasures the popularity of database management systemsranking trend
Trend Chart
Score3.34
Rank#88  Overall
#48  Relational DBMS
#7  Time Series DBMS
Score4.71
Rank#69  Overall
#37  Relational DBMS
Score4.57
Rank#74  Overall
#40  Relational DBMS
Score3.19
Rank#93  Overall
#16  Document stores
#7  Graph DBMS
#14  Key-value stores
Score0.00
Rank#382  Overall
#59  Key-value stores
Websitedruid.apache.orgdb.apache.org/­derbyduckdb.orgorientdb.orgswaydb.simer.au
Technical documentationdruid.apache.org/­docs/­latest/­designdb.apache.org/­derby/­manuals/­index.htmlduckdb.org/­docswww.orientdb.com/­docs/­last/­index.html
DeveloperApache Software Foundation and contributorsApache Software FoundationOrientDB LTD; CallidusCloud; SAPSimer Plaha
Initial release20121997201820102018
Current release29.0.1, April 202410.17.1.0, November 20230.10, February 20243.2.29, March 2024
License infoCommercial or Open SourceOpen Source infoApache license v2Open Source infoApache version 2Open Source infoMIT LicenseOpen Source infoApache version 2Open Source infoGNU Affero GPL V3.0
Cloud-based only infoOnly available as a cloud servicenonononono
DBaaS offerings (sponsored links) infoDatabase as a Service

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Implementation languageJavaJavaC++JavaScala
Server operating systemsLinux
OS X
Unix
All OS with a Java VMserver-lessAll OS with a Java JDK (>= JDK 6)
Data schemeyes infoschema-less columns are supportedyesyesschema-free infoSchema can be enforced for whole record ("schema-full") or for some fields only ("schema-hybrid")schema-free
Typing infopredefined data types such as float or dateyesyesyesyesno
XML support infoSome form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.noyesnonono
Secondary indexesyesyesyesyesno
SQL infoSupport of SQLSQL for queryingyesyesSQL-like query language, no joinsno
APIs and other access methodsJDBC
RESTful HTTP/JSON API
JDBCArrow Database Connectivity (ADBC)
CLI Client
JDBC
ODBC
Tinkerpop technology stack with Blueprints, Gremlin, Pipes
Java API
RESTful HTTP/JSON API
Supported programming languagesClojure
JavaScript
PHP
Python
R
Ruby
Scala
JavaC
C# info3rd party driver
C++
Crystal info3rd party driver
Go info3rd party driver
Java
Lisp info3rd party driver
Python
R
Ruby info3rd party driver
Rust
Swift
Zig info3rd party driver
.Net
C
C#
C++
Clojure
Java
JavaScript
JavaScript (Node.js)
PHP
Python
Ruby
Scala
Java
Kotlin
Scala
Server-side scripts infoStored proceduresnoJava Stored ProceduresnoJava, Javascriptno
TriggersnoyesnoHooksno
Partitioning methods infoMethods for storing different data on different nodesSharding infomanual/auto, time-basednonenoneShardingnone
Replication methods infoMethods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodesyes, via HDFS, S3 or other storage enginesSource-replica replicationnoneMulti-source replicationnone
MapReduce infoOffers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methodsnononono infocould be achieved with distributed queriesno
Consistency concepts infoMethods to ensure consistency in a distributed systemImmediate ConsistencyImmediate ConsistencyImmediate ConsistencyImmediate Consistency
Foreign keys infoReferential integritynoyesnoyes inforelationship in graphsno
Transaction concepts infoSupport to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of datanoACIDACIDACIDAtomic execution of operations
Concurrency infoSupport for concurrent manipulation of datayesyesyes, multi-version concurrency control (MVCC)yesyes
Durability infoSupport for making data persistentyesyesyesyesyes
In-memory capabilities infoIs there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.noyesyesyes
User concepts infoAccess controlRBAC using LDAP or Druid internals for users and groups for read/write by datasource and systemfine grained access rights according to SQL-standardnoAccess rights for users and roles; record level security configurableno

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More resources
Apache DruidDerby infooften called Apache Derby, originally IBM Cloudscape; contained in the Java SDK as JavaDBDuckDBOrientDBSwayDB
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