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DBMS > Apache Druid vs. Derby vs. DuckDB vs. Microsoft Azure SQL Database

System Properties Comparison Apache Druid vs. Derby vs. DuckDB vs. Microsoft Azure SQL Database

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Editorial information provided by DB-Engines
NameApache Druid  Xexclude from comparisonDerby infooften called Apache Derby, originally IBM Cloudscape; contained in the Java SDK as JavaDB  Xexclude from comparisonDuckDB  Xexclude from comparisonMicrosoft Azure SQL Database infoformerly SQL Azure  Xexclude from comparison
DescriptionOpen-source analytics data store designed for sub-second OLAP queries on high dimensionality and high cardinality dataFull-featured RDBMS with a small footprint, either embedded into a Java application or used as a database server.An embeddable, in-process, column-oriented SQL OLAP RDBMSDatabase as a Service offering with high compatibility to Microsoft SQL Server
Primary database modelRelational DBMS
Time Series DBMS
Relational DBMSRelational DBMSRelational DBMS
Secondary database modelsDocument store
Graph DBMS
Spatial DBMS
DB-Engines Ranking infomeasures the popularity of database management systemsranking trend
Trend Chart
Score3.25
Rank#90  Overall
#47  Relational DBMS
#7  Time Series DBMS
Score4.60
Rank#70  Overall
#38  Relational DBMS
Score4.63
Rank#69  Overall
#37  Relational DBMS
Score76.78
Rank#16  Overall
#11  Relational DBMS
Websitedruid.apache.orgdb.apache.org/­derbyduckdb.orgazure.microsoft.com/­en-us/­products/­azure-sql/­database
Technical documentationdruid.apache.org/­docs/­latest/­designdb.apache.org/­derby/­manuals/­index.htmlduckdb.org/­docsdocs.microsoft.com/­en-us/­azure/­azure-sql
DeveloperApache Software Foundation and contributorsApache Software FoundationMicrosoft
Initial release2012199720182010
Current release29.0.1, April 202410.17.1.0, November 20230.10, February 2024V12
License infoCommercial or Open SourceOpen Source infoApache license v2Open Source infoApache version 2Open Source infoMIT Licensecommercial
Cloud-based only infoOnly available as a cloud servicenononoyes
DBaaS offerings (sponsored links) infoDatabase as a Service

Providers of DBaaS offerings, please contact us to be listed.
Implementation languageJavaJavaC++C++
Server operating systemsLinux
OS X
Unix
All OS with a Java VMserver-lesshosted
Data schemeyes infoschema-less columns are supportedyesyesyes
Typing infopredefined data types such as float or dateyesyesyesyes
XML support infoSome form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.noyesnoyes
Secondary indexesyesyesyesyes
SQL infoSupport of SQLSQL for queryingyesyesyes
APIs and other access methodsJDBC
RESTful HTTP/JSON API
JDBCArrow Database Connectivity (ADBC)
CLI Client
JDBC
ODBC
ADO.NET
JDBC
ODBC
Supported programming languagesClojure
JavaScript
PHP
Python
R
Ruby
Scala
JavaC
C# info3rd party driver
C++
Crystal info3rd party driver
Go info3rd party driver
Java
Lisp info3rd party driver
Python
R
Ruby info3rd party driver
Rust
Swift
Zig info3rd party driver
.Net
C#
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
PHP
Python
Ruby
Server-side scripts infoStored proceduresnoJava Stored ProceduresnoTransact SQL
Triggersnoyesnoyes
Partitioning methods infoMethods for storing different data on different nodesSharding infomanual/auto, time-basednonenone
Replication methods infoMethods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodesyes, via HDFS, S3 or other storage enginesSource-replica replicationnoneyes, with always 3 replicas available
MapReduce infoOffers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methodsnononono
Consistency concepts infoMethods to ensure consistency in a distributed systemImmediate ConsistencyImmediate ConsistencyImmediate ConsistencyImmediate Consistency
Foreign keys infoReferential integritynoyesnoyes
Transaction concepts infoSupport to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of datanoACIDACIDACID
Concurrency infoSupport for concurrent manipulation of datayesyesyes, multi-version concurrency control (MVCC)yes
Durability infoSupport for making data persistentyesyesyesyes
In-memory capabilities infoIs there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.noyesyes
User concepts infoAccess controlRBAC using LDAP or Druid internals for users and groups for read/write by datasource and systemfine grained access rights according to SQL-standardnofine grained access rights according to SQL-standard

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More resources
Apache DruidDerby infooften called Apache Derby, originally IBM Cloudscape; contained in the Java SDK as JavaDBDuckDBMicrosoft Azure SQL Database infoformerly SQL Azure
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