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DBMS > Apache Druid vs. Couchbase vs. Elasticsearch

System Properties Comparison Apache Druid vs. Couchbase vs. Elasticsearch

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Editorial information provided by DB-Engines
NameApache Druid  Xexclude from comparisonCouchbase infoOriginally called Membase  Xexclude from comparisonElasticsearch  Xexclude from comparison
DescriptionOpen-source analytics data store designed for sub-second OLAP queries on high dimensionality and high cardinality dataA distributed document store with integrated cache, a powerful search engine, in-built operational and analytical capabilities, and an embedded mobile databaseA distributed, RESTful modern search and analytics engine based on Apache Lucene infoElasticsearch lets you perform and combine many types of searches such as structured, unstructured, geo, and metric
Primary database modelRelational DBMS
Time Series DBMS
Document store
Vector DBMS
Search engine
Vector DBMS
Secondary database modelsKey-value store infooriginating from the former Membase product and supporting the Memcached protocol
Spatial DBMS infousing the Geocouch extension
Search engine
Time Series DBMS
Vector DBMS
Wide column store
Document store
Spatial DBMS
DB-Engines Ranking infomeasures the popularity of database management systemsranking trend
Trend Chart
Score3.18
Rank#84  Overall
#45  Relational DBMS
#7  Time Series DBMS
Score13.82
Rank#38  Overall
#5  Document stores
#3  Vector DBMS
Score123.81
Rank#9  Overall
#1  Search engines
#1  Vector DBMS
Websitedruid.apache.orgwww.couchbase.comwww.elastic.co/­elasticsearch
Technical documentationdruid.apache.org/­docs/­latest/­designdocs.couchbase.comwww.elastic.co/­guide/­en/­elasticsearch/­reference/­current/­index.html
DeveloperApache Software Foundation and contributorsCouchbase, Inc.Elastic
Initial release201220112010
Current release30.0.0, June 2024Server: 7.6, March 2024; Mobile: 3.3, August 2024; Couchbase Capella (DBaaS), September 20248.6, January 2023
License infoCommercial or Open SourceOpen Source infoApache license v2Open Source infoBusiness Source License (BSL 1.1); Commercial licenses also availableOpen Source infoElastic License
Cloud-based only infoOnly available as a cloud servicenonono
DBaaS offerings (sponsored links) infoDatabase as a Service

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Implementation languageJavaC, C++, Go and ErlangJava
Server operating systemsLinux
OS X
Unix
Linux
OS X
Windows
All OS with a Java VM
Data schemeyes infoschema-less columns are supportedschema-freeschema-free infoFlexible type definitions. Once a type is defined, it is persistent
Typing infopredefined data types such as float or dateyesyesyes
XML support infoSome form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.nono
Secondary indexesyesyesyes infoAll search fields are automatically indexed
SQL infoSupport of SQLSQL for queryingSQL++, extends ANSI SQL to JSON for operational, transactional, and analytic use casesSQL-like query language
APIs and other access methodsJDBC
RESTful HTTP/JSON API
CLI Client
HTTP REST
Kafka Connector
Native language bindings for CRUD, Query, Search and Analytics APIs
Spark Connector
Spring Data
Java API
RESTful HTTP/JSON API
Supported programming languagesClojure
JavaScript
PHP
Python
R
Ruby
Scala
.Net
C
Go
Java
JavaScript infoNode.js
Kotlin
PHP
Python
Ruby
Scala
.Net
Groovy
Community Contributed Clients
Java
JavaScript
Perl
PHP
Python
Ruby
Server-side scripts infoStored proceduresnoFunctions and timers in JavaScript and UDFs in Java, Python, SQL++yes
Triggersnoyes infovia the TAP protocolyes infoby using the 'percolation' feature
Partitioning methods infoMethods for storing different data on different nodesSharding infomanual/auto, time-basedAutomatic ShardingSharding
Replication methods infoMethods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodesyes, via HDFS, S3 or other storage enginesMulti-source replication infoincluding cross data center replication
Source-replica replication
yes
MapReduce infoOffers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methodsnoyesES-Hadoop Connector
Consistency concepts infoMethods to ensure consistency in a distributed systemImmediate ConsistencyEventual Consistency
Immediate Consistency infoselectable on a per-operation basis
Eventual Consistency infoSynchronous doc based replication. Get by ID may show delays up to 1 sec. Configurable write consistency: one, quorum, all
Foreign keys infoReferential integritynonono
Transaction concepts infoSupport to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of datanoACIDno
Concurrency infoSupport for concurrent manipulation of datayesyesyes
Durability infoSupport for making data persistentyesyesyes
In-memory capabilities infoIs there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.noyes infoEphemeral bucketsMemcached and Redis integration
User concepts infoAccess controlRBAC using LDAP or Druid internals for users and groups for read/write by datasource and systemUser and Administrator separation with password-based and LDAP integrated Authentication. Role-base access control.

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More resources
Apache DruidCouchbase infoOriginally called MembaseElasticsearch
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