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DBMS > Apache Druid vs. CockroachDB vs. HarperDB vs. PostgreSQL

System Properties Comparison Apache Druid vs. CockroachDB vs. HarperDB vs. PostgreSQL

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Editorial information provided by DB-Engines
NameApache Druid  Xexclude from comparisonCockroachDB  Xexclude from comparisonHarperDB  Xexclude from comparisonPostgreSQL  Xexclude from comparison
DescriptionOpen-source analytics data store designed for sub-second OLAP queries on high dimensionality and high cardinality dataCockroachDB is a distributed database architected for modern cloud applications. It is wire compatible with PostgreSQL and backed by a Key-Value Store, which is either RocksDB or a purpose-built derivative, called Pebble.Ultra-low latency distributed database with an intuitive REST API supporting NoSQL and SQL (including joins). Deployment of functions and databases simultaneously with a consolidated node-level architecture.Widely used open source RDBMS infoDeveloped as objectoriented DBMS (Postgres), gradually enhanced with 'standards' like SQL
Primary database modelRelational DBMS
Time Series DBMS
Relational DBMSDocument storeRelational DBMS infowith object oriented extensions, e.g.: user defined types/functions and inheritance. Handling of key/value pairs with hstore module.
Secondary database modelsDocument store
Graph DBMS infowith Apache Age
Spatial DBMS
Vector DBMS infowith pgvector extension
DB-Engines Ranking infomeasures the popularity of database management systemsranking trend
Trend Chart
Score3.34
Rank#88  Overall
#48  Relational DBMS
#7  Time Series DBMS
Score6.15
Rank#55  Overall
#33  Relational DBMS
Score0.55
Rank#248  Overall
#38  Document stores
Score645.54
Rank#4  Overall
#4  Relational DBMS
Websitedruid.apache.orgwww.cockroachlabs.comwww.harperdb.iowww.postgresql.org
Technical documentationdruid.apache.org/­docs/­latest/­designwww.cockroachlabs.com/­docsdocs.harperdb.io/­docswww.postgresql.org/­docs
DeveloperApache Software Foundation and contributorsCockroach LabsHarperDBPostgreSQL Global Development Group infowww.postgresql.org/­developer
Initial release2012201520171989 info1989: Postgres, 1996: PostgreSQL
Current release29.0.1, April 202423.1.1, May 20233.1, August 202116.3, May 2024
License infoCommercial or Open SourceOpen Source infoApache license v2Open Source infoApache 2.0, commercial license availablecommercial infofree community edition availableOpen Source infoBSD
Cloud-based only infoOnly available as a cloud servicenononono
DBaaS offerings (sponsored links) infoDatabase as a Service

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Implementation languageJavaGoNode.jsC
Server operating systemsLinux
OS X
Unix
Linux
macOS
Windows
Linux
OS X
FreeBSD
HP-UX
Linux
NetBSD
OpenBSD
OS X
Solaris
Unix
Windows
Data schemeyes infoschema-less columns are supporteddynamic schemadynamic schemayes
Typing infopredefined data types such as float or dateyesyesyes infoJSON data typesyes
XML support infoSome form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.nononoyes infospecific XML-type available, but no XML query functionality.
Secondary indexesyesyesyesyes
SQL infoSupport of SQLSQL for queryingyes, wire compatible with PostgreSQLSQL-like data manipulation statementsyes infostandard with numerous extensions
APIs and other access methodsJDBC
RESTful HTTP/JSON API
JDBCJDBC
ODBC
React Hooks
RESTful HTTP/JSON API
WebSocket
ADO.NET
JDBC
native C library
ODBC
streaming API for large objects
Supported programming languagesClojure
JavaScript
PHP
Python
R
Ruby
Scala
C#
C++
Clojure
Go
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
PHP
Python
Ruby
Rust
.Net
C
C#
C++
ColdFusion
D
Dart
Delphi
Erlang
Go
Haskell
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
Lisp
MatLab
Objective C
Perl
PHP
PowerShell
Prolog
Python
R
Ruby
Rust
Scala
Swift
.Net
C
C++
Delphi
Java infoJDBC
JavaScript (Node.js)
Perl
PHP
Python
Tcl
Server-side scripts infoStored proceduresnonoCustom Functions infosince release 3.1user defined functions inforealized in proprietary language PL/pgSQL or with common languages like Perl, Python, Tcl etc.
Triggersnononoyes
Partitioning methods infoMethods for storing different data on different nodesSharding infomanual/auto, time-basedhorizontal partitioning (by key range) infoall tables are translated to an ordered KV store and then broken down into 64MB ranges, which are then used as replicas in RAFTA table resides as a whole on one (or more) nodes in a clusterpartitioning by range, list and (since PostgreSQL 11) by hash
Replication methods infoMethods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodesyes, via HDFS, S3 or other storage enginesMulti-source replication using RAFTyes infothe nodes on which a table resides can be definedSource-replica replication infoother methods possible by using 3rd party extensions
MapReduce infoOffers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methodsnononono
Consistency concepts infoMethods to ensure consistency in a distributed systemImmediate ConsistencyImmediate ConsistencyImmediate ConsistencyImmediate Consistency
Foreign keys infoReferential integritynoyesnoyes
Transaction concepts infoSupport to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of datanoACIDAtomic execution of specific operationsACID
Concurrency infoSupport for concurrent manipulation of datayesyesyesyes
Durability infoSupport for making data persistentyesyesyes, using LMDByes
In-memory capabilities infoIs there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.nonoyesno
User concepts infoAccess controlRBAC using LDAP or Druid internals for users and groups for read/write by datasource and systemRole-based access controlAccess rights for users and rolesfine grained access rights according to SQL-standard

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