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DBMS > Apache Druid vs. CockroachDB vs. H2 vs. Lovefield vs. Microsoft Azure SQL Database

System Properties Comparison Apache Druid vs. CockroachDB vs. H2 vs. Lovefield vs. Microsoft Azure SQL Database

Editorial information provided by DB-Engines
NameApache Druid  Xexclude from comparisonCockroachDB  Xexclude from comparisonH2  Xexclude from comparisonLovefield  Xexclude from comparisonMicrosoft Azure SQL Database infoformerly SQL Azure  Xexclude from comparison
DescriptionOpen-source analytics data store designed for sub-second OLAP queries on high dimensionality and high cardinality dataCockroachDB is a distributed database architected for modern cloud applications. It is wire compatible with PostgreSQL and backed by a Key-Value Store, which is either RocksDB or a purpose-built derivative, called Pebble.Full-featured RDBMS with a small footprint, either embedded into a Java application or used as a database server.Embeddable relational database for web apps written in pure JavaScriptDatabase as a Service offering with high compatibility to Microsoft SQL Server
Primary database modelRelational DBMS
Time Series DBMS
Relational DBMSRelational DBMSRelational DBMSRelational DBMS
Secondary database modelsSpatial DBMSDocument store
Graph DBMS
Spatial DBMS
DB-Engines Ranking infomeasures the popularity of database management systemsranking trend
Trend Chart
Score3.34
Rank#88  Overall
#48  Relational DBMS
#7  Time Series DBMS
Score6.15
Rank#55  Overall
#33  Relational DBMS
Score8.13
Rank#49  Overall
#31  Relational DBMS
Score0.29
Rank#293  Overall
#133  Relational DBMS
Score77.99
Rank#16  Overall
#11  Relational DBMS
Websitedruid.apache.orgwww.cockroachlabs.comwww.h2database.comgoogle.github.io/­lovefieldazure.microsoft.com/­en-us/­products/­azure-sql/­database
Technical documentationdruid.apache.org/­docs/­latest/­designwww.cockroachlabs.com/­docswww.h2database.com/­html/­main.htmlgithub.com/­google/­lovefield/­blob/­master/­docs/­spec_index.mddocs.microsoft.com/­en-us/­azure/­azure-sql
DeveloperApache Software Foundation and contributorsCockroach LabsThomas MuellerGoogleMicrosoft
Initial release20122015200520142010
Current release29.0.1, April 202424.1.0, May 20242.2.220, July 20232.1.12, February 2017V12
License infoCommercial or Open SourceOpen Source infoApache license v2Open Source infoApache 2.0, commercial license availableOpen Source infodual-licence (Mozilla public license, Eclipse public license)Open Source infoApache 2.0commercial
Cloud-based only infoOnly available as a cloud servicenonononoyes
DBaaS offerings (sponsored links) infoDatabase as a Service

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Implementation languageJavaGoJavaJavaScriptC++
Server operating systemsLinux
OS X
Unix
Linux
macOS
Windows
All OS with a Java VMserver-less, requires a JavaScript environment (browser, Node.js) infotested with Chrome, Firefox, IE, Safarihosted
Data schemeyes infoschema-less columns are supporteddynamic schemayesyesyes
Typing infopredefined data types such as float or dateyesyesyesyesyes
XML support infoSome form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.nonononoyes
Secondary indexesyesyesyesyesyes
SQL infoSupport of SQLSQL for queryingyes, wire compatible with PostgreSQLyesSQL-like query language infovia JavaScript builder patternyes
APIs and other access methodsJDBC
RESTful HTTP/JSON API
JDBCJDBC
ODBC
ADO.NET
JDBC
ODBC
Supported programming languagesClojure
JavaScript
PHP
Python
R
Ruby
Scala
C#
C++
Clojure
Go
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
PHP
Python
Ruby
Rust
JavaJavaScript.Net
C#
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
PHP
Python
Ruby
Server-side scripts infoStored proceduresnonoJava Stored Procedures and User-Defined FunctionsnoTransact SQL
TriggersnonoyesUsing read-only observersyes
Partitioning methods infoMethods for storing different data on different nodesSharding infomanual/auto, time-basedhorizontal partitioning (by key range) infoall tables are translated to an ordered KV store and then broken down into 64MB ranges, which are then used as replicas in RAFTnonenone
Replication methods infoMethods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodesyes, via HDFS, S3 or other storage enginesMulti-source replication using RAFTWith clustering: 2 database servers on different computers operate on identical copies of a databasenoneyes, with always 3 replicas available
MapReduce infoOffers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methodsnonononono
Consistency concepts infoMethods to ensure consistency in a distributed systemImmediate ConsistencyImmediate ConsistencyImmediate ConsistencyImmediate Consistency
Foreign keys infoReferential integritynoyesyesyesyes
Transaction concepts infoSupport to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of datanoACIDACIDACIDACID
Concurrency infoSupport for concurrent manipulation of datayesyesyes, multi-version concurrency control (MVCC)yesyes
Durability infoSupport for making data persistentyesyesyesyes, by using IndexedDB or the cloud service Firebase Realtime Databaseyes
In-memory capabilities infoIs there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.nonoyesyes infousing MemoryDB
User concepts infoAccess controlRBAC using LDAP or Druid internals for users and groups for read/write by datasource and systemRole-based access controlfine grained access rights according to SQL-standardnofine grained access rights according to SQL-standard

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More resources
Apache DruidCockroachDBH2LovefieldMicrosoft Azure SQL Database infoformerly SQL Azure
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