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DBMS > Apache Druid vs. Citus vs. LokiJS vs. Microsoft Access vs. TimescaleDB

System Properties Comparison Apache Druid vs. Citus vs. LokiJS vs. Microsoft Access vs. TimescaleDB

Editorial information provided by DB-Engines
NameApache Druid  Xexclude from comparisonCitus  Xexclude from comparisonLokiJS  Xexclude from comparisonMicrosoft Access  Xexclude from comparisonTimescaleDB  Xexclude from comparison
DescriptionOpen-source analytics data store designed for sub-second OLAP queries on high dimensionality and high cardinality dataScalable hybrid operational and analytics RDBMS for big data use cases based on PostgreSQLIn-memory JavaScript DBMSMicrosoft Access combines a backend RDBMS (JET / ACE Engine) with a GUI frontend for data manipulation and queries. infoThe Access frontend is often used for accessing other datasources (DBMS, Excel, etc.)A time series DBMS optimized for fast ingest and complex queries, based on PostgreSQL
Primary database modelRelational DBMS
Time Series DBMS
Relational DBMSDocument storeRelational DBMSTime Series DBMS
Secondary database modelsDocument storeRelational DBMS
DB-Engines Ranking infomeasures the popularity of database management systemsranking trend
Trend Chart
Score3.34
Rank#88  Overall
#48  Relational DBMS
#7  Time Series DBMS
Score2.21
Rank#118  Overall
#56  Relational DBMS
Score0.43
Rank#264  Overall
#42  Document stores
Score104.92
Rank#11  Overall
#8  Relational DBMS
Score4.64
Rank#71  Overall
#4  Time Series DBMS
Websitedruid.apache.orgwww.citusdata.comgithub.com/­techfort/­LokiJSwww.microsoft.com/­en-us/­microsoft-365/­accesswww.timescale.com
Technical documentationdruid.apache.org/­docs/­latest/­designdocs.citusdata.comtechfort.github.io/­LokiJSdeveloper.microsoft.com/­en-us/­accessdocs.timescale.com
DeveloperApache Software Foundation and contributorsMicrosoftTimescale
Initial release20122010201419922017
Current release29.0.1, April 20248.1, December 20181902 (16.0.11328.20222), March 20192.15.0, May 2024
License infoCommercial or Open SourceOpen Source infoApache license v2Open Source infoAGPL, commercial license also availableOpen Sourcecommercial infoBundled with Microsoft OfficeOpen Source infoApache 2.0
Cloud-based only infoOnly available as a cloud servicenonononono
DBaaS offerings (sponsored links) infoDatabase as a Service

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Implementation languageJavaCJavaScriptC++C
Server operating systemsLinux
OS X
Unix
Linuxserver-less, requires a JavaScript environment (browser, Node.js)Windows infoNot a real database server, but making use of DLLsLinux
OS X
Windows
Data schemeyes infoschema-less columns are supportedyesschema-freeyesyes
Typing infopredefined data types such as float or dateyesyesnoyesnumerics, strings, booleans, arrays, JSON blobs, geospatial dimensions, currencies, binary data, other complex data types
XML support infoSome form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.noyes infospecific XML type available, but no XML query functionalitynoyes
Secondary indexesyesyesyes infovia viewsyesyes
SQL infoSupport of SQLSQL for queryingyes infostandard, with numerous extensionsnoyes infobut not compliant to any SQL standardyes infofull PostgreSQL SQL syntax
APIs and other access methodsJDBC
RESTful HTTP/JSON API
ADO.NET
JDBC
native C library
ODBC
streaming API for large objects
JavaScript APIADO.NET
DAO
ODBC
OLE DB
ADO.NET
JDBC
native C library
ODBC
streaming API for large objects
Supported programming languagesClojure
JavaScript
PHP
Python
R
Ruby
Scala
.Net
C
C++
Delphi
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
Perl
PHP
Python
Tcl
JavaScriptC
C#
C++
Delphi
Java (JDBC-ODBC)
VBA
Visual Basic.NET
.Net
C
C++
Delphi
Java infoJDBC
JavaScript
Perl
PHP
Python
R
Ruby
Scheme
Tcl
Server-side scripts infoStored proceduresnouser defined functions inforealized in proprietary language PL/pgSQL or with common languages like Perl, Python, Tcl etc.View functions in JavaScriptyes infosince Access 2010 using the ACE-engineuser defined functions, PL/pgSQL, PL/Tcl, PL/Perl, PL/Python, PL/Java, PL/PHP, PL/R, PL/Ruby, PL/Scheme, PL/Unix shell
Triggersnoyesyesyes infosince Access 2010 using the ACE-engineyes
Partitioning methods infoMethods for storing different data on different nodesSharding infomanual/auto, time-basedShardingnonenoneyes, across time and space (hash partitioning) attributes
Replication methods infoMethods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodesyes, via HDFS, S3 or other storage enginesSource-replica replication infoother methods possible by using 3rd party extensionsnonenoneSource-replica replication with hot standby and reads on replicas info
MapReduce infoOffers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methodsnonoyesnono
Consistency concepts infoMethods to ensure consistency in a distributed systemImmediate ConsistencyImmediate ConsistencynoneImmediate Consistency
Foreign keys infoReferential integritynoyesnoyesyes
Transaction concepts infoSupport to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of datanoACIDno infoatomic operations within a single collection possibleACID infobut no files for transaction loggingACID
Concurrency infoSupport for concurrent manipulation of datayesyesyesyes
Durability infoSupport for making data persistentyesyesyes infoSerialization of a DB in a Node.JS/Cordova/PhoneGap environment. Usage of the IndexedDB-API in a browser.yes infobut no files for transaction loggingyes
In-memory capabilities infoIs there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.nonoyesno
User concepts infoAccess controlRBAC using LDAP or Druid internals for users and groups for read/write by datasource and systemfine grained access rights according to SQL-standardnono infoa simple user-level security was built in till version Access 2003fine grained access rights according to SQL-standard

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More resources
Apache DruidCitusLokiJSMicrosoft AccessTimescaleDB
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