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DBMS > Apache Druid vs. Citus vs. Elasticsearch vs. FatDB vs. TimescaleDB

System Properties Comparison Apache Druid vs. Citus vs. Elasticsearch vs. FatDB vs. TimescaleDB

Editorial information provided by DB-Engines
NameApache Druid  Xexclude from comparisonCitus  Xexclude from comparisonElasticsearch  Xexclude from comparisonFatDB  Xexclude from comparisonTimescaleDB  Xexclude from comparison
FatDB/FatCloud has ceased operations as a company with February 2014. FatDB is discontinued and excluded from the ranking.
DescriptionOpen-source analytics data store designed for sub-second OLAP queries on high dimensionality and high cardinality dataScalable hybrid operational and analytics RDBMS for big data use cases based on PostgreSQLA distributed, RESTful modern search and analytics engine based on Apache Lucene infoElasticsearch lets you perform and combine many types of searches such as structured, unstructured, geo, and metricA .NET NoSQL DBMS that can integrate with and extend SQL Server.A time series DBMS optimized for fast ingest and complex queries, based on PostgreSQL
Primary database modelRelational DBMS
Time Series DBMS
Relational DBMSSearch engineDocument store
Key-value store
Time Series DBMS
Secondary database modelsDocument storeDocument store
Spatial DBMS
Vector DBMS
Relational DBMS
DB-Engines Ranking infomeasures the popularity of database management systemsranking trend
Trend Chart
Score2.85
Rank#96  Overall
#50  Relational DBMS
#6  Time Series DBMS
Score2.13
Rank#117  Overall
#56  Relational DBMS
Score128.79
Rank#8  Overall
#1  Search engines
Score4.06
Rank#73  Overall
#5  Time Series DBMS
Websitedruid.apache.orgwww.citusdata.comwww.elastic.co/­elasticsearchwww.timescale.com
Technical documentationdruid.apache.org/­docs/­latest/­designdocs.citusdata.comwww.elastic.co/­guide/­en/­elasticsearch/­reference/­current/­index.htmldocs.timescale.com
DeveloperApache Software Foundation and contributorsElasticFatCloudTimescale
Initial release20122010201020122017
Current release30.0.0, June 20248.1, December 20188.6, January 20232.15.0, May 2024
License infoCommercial or Open SourceOpen Source infoApache license v2Open Source infoAGPL, commercial license also availableOpen Source infoElastic LicensecommercialOpen Source infoApache 2.0
Cloud-based only infoOnly available as a cloud servicenonononono
DBaaS offerings (sponsored links) infoDatabase as a Service

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Implementation languageJavaCJavaC#C
Server operating systemsLinux
OS X
Unix
LinuxAll OS with a Java VMWindowsLinux
OS X
Windows
Data schemeyes infoschema-less columns are supportedyesschema-free infoFlexible type definitions. Once a type is defined, it is persistentschema-freeyes
Typing infopredefined data types such as float or dateyesyesyesyesnumerics, strings, booleans, arrays, JSON blobs, geospatial dimensions, currencies, binary data, other complex data types
XML support infoSome form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.noyes infospecific XML type available, but no XML query functionalitynoyes
Secondary indexesyesyesyes infoAll search fields are automatically indexedyesyes
SQL infoSupport of SQLSQL for queryingyes infostandard, with numerous extensionsSQL-like query languageno infoVia inetgration in SQL Serveryes infofull PostgreSQL SQL syntax
APIs and other access methodsJDBC
RESTful HTTP/JSON API
ADO.NET
JDBC
native C library
ODBC
streaming API for large objects
Java API
RESTful HTTP/JSON API
.NET Client API
LINQ
RESTful HTTP API
RPC
Windows WCF Bindings
ADO.NET
JDBC
native C library
ODBC
streaming API for large objects
Supported programming languagesClojure
JavaScript
PHP
Python
R
Ruby
Scala
.Net
C
C++
Delphi
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
Perl
PHP
Python
Tcl
.Net
Groovy
Community Contributed Clients
Java
JavaScript
Perl
PHP
Python
Ruby
C#.Net
C
C++
Delphi
Java infoJDBC
JavaScript
Perl
PHP
Python
R
Ruby
Scheme
Tcl
Server-side scripts infoStored proceduresnouser defined functions inforealized in proprietary language PL/pgSQL or with common languages like Perl, Python, Tcl etc.yesyes infovia applicationsuser defined functions, PL/pgSQL, PL/Tcl, PL/Perl, PL/Python, PL/Java, PL/PHP, PL/R, PL/Ruby, PL/Scheme, PL/Unix shell
Triggersnoyesyes infoby using the 'percolation' featureyes infovia applicationsyes
Partitioning methods infoMethods for storing different data on different nodesSharding infomanual/auto, time-basedShardingShardingShardingyes, across time and space (hash partitioning) attributes
Replication methods infoMethods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodesyes, via HDFS, S3 or other storage enginesSource-replica replication infoother methods possible by using 3rd party extensionsyesselectable replication factorSource-replica replication with hot standby and reads on replicas info
MapReduce infoOffers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methodsnonoES-Hadoop Connectoryesno
Consistency concepts infoMethods to ensure consistency in a distributed systemImmediate ConsistencyImmediate ConsistencyEventual Consistency infoSynchronous doc based replication. Get by ID may show delays up to 1 sec. Configurable write consistency: one, quorum, allEventual Consistency
Immediate Consistency
Immediate Consistency
Foreign keys infoReferential integritynoyesnonoyes
Transaction concepts infoSupport to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of datanoACIDnonoACID
Concurrency infoSupport for concurrent manipulation of datayesyesyesyesyes
Durability infoSupport for making data persistentyesyesyesyesyes
In-memory capabilities infoIs there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.nonoMemcached and Redis integrationno
User concepts infoAccess controlRBAC using LDAP or Druid internals for users and groups for read/write by datasource and systemfine grained access rights according to SQL-standardno infoCan implement custom security layer via applicationsfine grained access rights according to SQL-standard

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More resources
Apache DruidCitusElasticsearchFatDBTimescaleDB
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