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DBMS > Apache Druid vs. Cassandra vs. InfluxDB vs. Virtuoso

System Properties Comparison Apache Druid vs. Cassandra vs. InfluxDB vs. Virtuoso

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Editorial information provided by DB-Engines
NameApache Druid  Xexclude from comparisonCassandra  Xexclude from comparisonInfluxDB  Xexclude from comparisonVirtuoso  Xexclude from comparison
DescriptionOpen-source analytics data store designed for sub-second OLAP queries on high dimensionality and high cardinality dataWide-column store based on ideas of BigTable and DynamoDB infoOptimized for write accessDBMS for storing time series, events and metricsVirtuoso is a multi-model hybrid-RDBMS that supports management of data represented as relational tables and/or property graphs
Primary database modelRelational DBMS
Time Series DBMS
Wide column storeTime Series DBMSDocument store
Graph DBMS
Native XML DBMS
Relational DBMS
RDF store
Search engine
Secondary database modelsVector DBMS infostarting with release V5Spatial DBMS infowith GEO packageSpatial DBMS
DB-Engines Ranking infomeasures the popularity of database management systemsranking trend
Trend Chart
Score3.34
Rank#88  Overall
#48  Relational DBMS
#7  Time Series DBMS
Score101.89
Rank#12  Overall
#1  Wide column stores
Score25.83
Rank#28  Overall
#1  Time Series DBMS
Score4.26
Rank#78  Overall
#13  Document stores
#4  Graph DBMS
#2  Native XML DBMS
#42  Relational DBMS
#2  RDF stores
#9  Search engines
Websitedruid.apache.orgcassandra.apache.orgwww.influxdata.com/­products/­influxdb-overviewvirtuoso.openlinksw.com
Technical documentationdruid.apache.org/­docs/­latest/­designcassandra.apache.org/­doc/­latestdocs.influxdata.com/­influxdbdocs.openlinksw.com/­virtuoso
DeveloperApache Software Foundation and contributorsApache Software Foundation infoApache top level project, originally developped by FacebookOpenLink Software
Initial release2012200820131998
Current release29.0.1, April 20244.1.3, July 20232.7.6, April 20247.2.11, September 2023
License infoCommercial or Open SourceOpen Source infoApache license v2Open Source infoApache version 2Open Source infoMIT-License; commercial enterprise version availableOpen Source infoGPLv2, extended commercial license available
Cloud-based only infoOnly available as a cloud servicenononono
DBaaS offerings (sponsored links) infoDatabase as a Service

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Astra DB: Multi-cloud DBaaS built on Apache Cassandra.
Implementation languageJavaJavaGoC
Server operating systemsLinux
OS X
Unix
BSD
Linux
OS X
Windows
Linux
OS X infothrough Homebrew
AIX
FreeBSD
HP-UX
Linux
OS X
Solaris
Windows
Data schemeyes infoschema-less columns are supportedschema-freeschema-freeyes infoSQL - Standard relational schema
RDF - Quad (S, P, O, G) or Triple (S, P, O)
XML - DTD, XML Schema
DAV - freeform filesystem objects, plus User Defined Types a/k/a Dynamic Extension Type
Typing infopredefined data types such as float or dateyesyesNumeric data and Stringsyes
XML support infoSome form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.nononoyes
Secondary indexesyesrestricted infoonly equality queries, not always the best performing solutionnoyes
SQL infoSupport of SQLSQL for queryingSQL-like SELECT, DML and DDL statements (CQL)SQL-like query languageyes infoSQL-92, SQL-200x, SQL-3, SQLX
APIs and other access methodsJDBC
RESTful HTTP/JSON API
Proprietary protocol infoCQL (Cassandra Query Language, an SQL-like language)
Thrift
HTTP API
JSON over UDP
ADO.NET
GeoSPARQL
HTTP API
JDBC
Jena RDF API
ODBC
OLE DB
RDF4J API
RESTful HTTP API
Sesame REST HTTP Protocol
SOAP webservices
SPARQL 1.1
WebDAV
XPath
XQuery
XSLT
Supported programming languagesClojure
JavaScript
PHP
Python
R
Ruby
Scala
C#
C++
Clojure
Erlang
Go
Haskell
Java
JavaScript infoNode.js
Perl
PHP
Python
Ruby
Scala
.Net
Clojure
Erlang
Go
Haskell
Java
JavaScript
JavaScript (Node.js)
Lisp
Perl
PHP
Python
R
Ruby
Rust
Scala
.Net
C
C#
C++
Java
JavaScript
Perl
PHP
Python
Ruby
Visual Basic
Server-side scripts infoStored proceduresnononoyes infoVirtuoso PL
Triggersnoyesnoyes
Partitioning methods infoMethods for storing different data on different nodesSharding infomanual/auto, time-basedSharding infono "single point of failure"Sharding infoin enterprise version onlyyes
Replication methods infoMethods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodesyes, via HDFS, S3 or other storage enginesselectable replication factor infoRepresentation of geographical distribution of servers is possibleselectable replication factor infoin enterprise version onlyChain, star, and bi-directional replication
Multi-source replication
Source-replica replication
MapReduce infoOffers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methodsnoyesnoyes
Consistency concepts infoMethods to ensure consistency in a distributed systemImmediate ConsistencyEventual Consistency
Immediate Consistency infocan be individually decided for each write operation
Immediate Consistency
Foreign keys infoReferential integritynononoyes
Transaction concepts infoSupport to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of datanono infoAtomicity and isolation are supported for single operationsnoACID
Concurrency infoSupport for concurrent manipulation of datayesyesyesyes
Durability infoSupport for making data persistentyesyesyesyes
In-memory capabilities infoIs there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.nonoyes infoDepending on used storage engineyes
User concepts infoAccess controlRBAC using LDAP or Druid internals for users and groups for read/write by datasource and systemAccess rights for users can be defined per objectsimple rights management via user accountsFine-grained Attribute-Based Access Control (ABAC) in addition to typical coarse-grained Role-Based Access Control (RBAC) according to SQL-standard. Pluggable authentication with supported standards (LDAP, Active Directory, Kerberos)
More information provided by the system vendor
Apache DruidCassandraInfluxDBVirtuoso
Specific characteristicsApache Cassandra is the leading NoSQL, distributed database management system, well...
» more
InfluxData is the creator of InfluxDB , the open source time series database. It...
» more
Virtuoso is a modern multi-model RDBMS for managing data represented as tabular relations...
» more
Competitive advantagesNo single point of failure ensures 100% availability . Operational simplicity for...
» more
Time to Value InfluxDB is available in all the popular languages and frameworks,...
» more
Performance & Scale — as exemplified by DBpedia and the LOD Cloud it spawned, i.e.,...
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Typical application scenariosInternet of Things (IOT), fraud detection applications, recommendation engines, product...
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IoT & Sensor Monitoring Developers are witnessing the instrumentation of every available...
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Used for — Analytics/BI Conceptual Data Virtualization Enterprise Knowledge Graphs...
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Key customersApple, Netflix, Uber, ING,, Intuit,Fidelity, NY Times, Outbrain, BazaarVoice, Best...
» more
InfluxData has more than 1,900 paying customers, including customers include MuleSoft,...
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Broad use across enterprises and governments including — European Union (EU) US Government...
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Market metricsCassandra is used by 40% of the Fortune 100.
» more
Fastest-growing database to drive 27,500 GitHub stars Over 750,000 daily active instances
» more
Largest installed-base ​of Multi-Model RDBMS for AI-friendly Knowledge Graphs Platform...
» more
Licensing and pricing modelsApache license  Pricing for commercial distributions provided by DataStax and available...
» more
Open source core with closed source clustering available either on-premise or on...
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Available in both Commercial Enterprise and Open Source (GPL v2) Editions Feature...
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