DBMS > Apache Druid vs. Cassandra vs. Google BigQuery vs. SAP IQ vs. Trino

System Properties Comparison Apache Druid vs. Cassandra vs. Google BigQuery vs. SAP IQ vs. Trino

Editorial information provided by DB-Engines

Name

Description

Open-source analytics data store designed for sub-second OLAP queries on high dimensionality and high cardinality data

Wide-column store based on ideas of BigTable and DynamoDB

Optimized for write access

Large scale data warehouse service with append-only tables

Columnar RDBMS optimized for Big Data analytics

Fast distributed SQL query engine for big data analytics. Forked from Presto and originally named PrestoSQL

Primary database model

Relational DBMS
Time Series DBMS

Wide column store

Relational DBMS

column-oriented

Relational DBMS

Secondary database models

Vector DBMS

starting with release V5

Document store
Key-value store
Spatial DBMS
Search engine
Time Series DBMS
Wide column store

DB-Engines Ranking measures the popularity of database management systems
Trend Chart

Score	3.25
Rank	#90	Overall
	#47	Relational DBMS
	#7	Time Series DBMS

Score	98.83
Rank	#12	Overall
	#1	Wide column stores

Score	58.10
Rank	#19	Overall
	#13	Relational DBMS

Score	2.64
Rank	#108	Overall
	#52	Relational DBMS

Score	4.99
Rank	#65	Overall
	#36	Relational DBMS

Website

druid.apache.org

cassandra.apache.org

cloud.google.com/bigquery

www.sap.com/products/technology-platform/sybase-iq-big-data-management.html

trino.io

Technical documentation

druid.apache.org/docs/latest/design

cassandra.apache.org/doc/latest

cloud.google.com/bigquery/docs

help.sap.com/docs/SAP_IQ

trino.io/broadcast
trino.io/docs/current

Social network pages

Developer

Apache Software Foundation and contributors

Apache Software Foundation

Apache top level project, originally developped by Facebook

Google

SAP, formerly Sybase

Trino Software Foundation

Initial release

2012

2008

2010

1994

2012

2020 rebranded from PrestoSQL

Current release

29.0.1, April 2024

4.1.3, July 2023

16.1 SPS04, April 2019

License

Commercial or Open Source

Open Source

Apache license v2

Open Source

Apache version 2

commercial

Open Source

Apache Version 2.0

Cloud-based only

Only available as a cloud service

yes

DBaaS offerings (sponsored links)

Database as a Service

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Astra DB: Multi-cloud DBaaS built on Apache Cassandra.

Starburst Galaxy offers a feature-rich user interface to connect all your data sources, manage your Trino clusters, and query your data.

Implementation language

Java

Server operating systems

Linux
OS X
Unix

BSD
Linux
OS X
Windows

hosted

AIX
HP-UX
Linux
Solaris
Windows

Linux
macOS

for devlopment

Data scheme

yes

schema-less columns are supported

schema-free

yes

Typing

predefined data types such as float or date

yes

XML support

Some form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.

Secondary indexes

yes

restricted

only equality queries, not always the best performing solution

yes

depending on connected data-source

SQL

Support of SQL

SQL for querying

SQL-like SELECT, DML and DDL statements (CQL)

yes

APIs and other access methods

JDBC
RESTful HTTP/JSON API

Proprietary protocol

CQL (Cassandra Query Language, an SQL-like language)
Thrift

RESTful HTTP/JSON API

ADO.NET
JDBC
ODBC
RESTful HTTP API

JDBC
RESTful HTTP API
Trino CLI

Supported programming languages

Clojure
JavaScript
PHP
Python
R
Ruby
Scala

C#
C++
Clojure
Erlang
Go
Haskell
Java
JavaScript

Node.js
Perl
PHP
Python
Ruby
Scala

.Net
Java
JavaScript
Objective-C
PHP
Python
Ruby

C
C#
C++
Java
Perl
PHP
Python
Ruby

Go
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
Python
R
Ruby

Server-side scripts

Stored procedures

user defined functions

in JavaScript

yes

yes, depending on connected data-source

Triggers

yes

Partitioning methods

Methods for storing different data on different nodes

Sharding

manual/auto, time-based

Sharding

no "single point of failure"

none

shared disk or shared nothing architectures with SAP IQ Multiplexer

depending on connected data-source

Replication methods

Methods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodes

yes, via HDFS, S3 or other storage engines

selectable replication factor

Representation of geographical distribution of servers is possible

SAP/Sybase Replication Server

depending on connected data-source

MapReduce

Offers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methods

yes

Hadoop integration

Consistency concepts

Methods to ensure consistency in a distributed system

Immediate Consistency

Eventual Consistency
Immediate Consistency

can be individually decided for each write operation

Immediate Consistency

depending on connected data-source

Foreign keys

Referential integrity

yes

Transaction concepts

Support to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of data

Atomicity and isolation are supported for single operations

Since BigQuery is designed for querying data

ACID

depending on connected data-source

Concurrency

Support for concurrent manipulation of data

yes

Durability

Support for making data persistent

yes

depending on connected data-source

In-memory capabilities

Is there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.

User concepts

Access control

RBAC using LDAP or Druid internals for users and groups for read/write by datasource and system

Access rights for users can be defined per object

Access privileges (owner, writer, reader) on dataset, table or view level

Google Cloud Identity & Access Management (IAM)

fine grained access rights according to SQL-standard

SQL standard access control

More information provided by the system vendor

Specific characteristics

Apache Cassandra is the leading NoSQL, distributed database management system, well...
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Trino is the fastest open source, massively parallel processing SQL query engine...
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Competitive advantages

No single point of failure ensures 100% availability . Operational simplicity for...
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High performance analtyics and data processing of very large data sets Powerful ANSI...
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Typical application scenarios

Internet of Things (IOT), fraud detection applications, recommendation engines, product...
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Performant analytics query engine for data warehouses, data lakes, and data lakehouses...
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Key customers

Apple, Netflix, Uber, ING,, Intuit,Fidelity, NY Times, Outbrain, BazaarVoice, Best...
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Trino is widely adopted across the globe as freely-available open source software....
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Market metrics

Cassandra is used by 40% of the Fortune 100.
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33000+ commits in GitHub 8200+ stargazers in GitHub 1200+ pull requests merged in...
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Licensing and pricing models

Apache licenseÂ Pricing for commercial distributions provided by DataStax and available...
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Trino is an open source project and usage is therefore free. Commercial offerings...
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