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DBMS > Apache Druid vs. BigchainDB vs. Dgraph vs. Google Cloud Bigtable vs. PostgreSQL

System Properties Comparison Apache Druid vs. BigchainDB vs. Dgraph vs. Google Cloud Bigtable vs. PostgreSQL

Editorial information provided by DB-Engines
NameApache Druid  Xexclude from comparisonBigchainDB  Xexclude from comparisonDgraph  Xexclude from comparisonGoogle Cloud Bigtable  Xexclude from comparisonPostgreSQL  Xexclude from comparison
DescriptionOpen-source analytics data store designed for sub-second OLAP queries on high dimensionality and high cardinality dataBigchainDB is scalable blockchain database offering decentralization, immutability and native assetsDistributed and scalable native Graph DBMSGoogle's NoSQL Big Data database service. It's the same database that powers many core Google services, including Search, Analytics, Maps, and Gmail.Widely used open source RDBMS infoDeveloped as objectoriented DBMS (Postgres), gradually enhanced with 'standards' like SQL
Primary database modelRelational DBMS
Time Series DBMS
Document storeGraph DBMSKey-value store
Wide column store
Relational DBMS infowith object oriented extensions, e.g.: user defined types/functions and inheritance. Handling of key/value pairs with hstore module.
Secondary database modelsDocument store
Graph DBMS infowith Apache Age
Spatial DBMS
Vector DBMS infowith pgvector extension
DB-Engines Ranking infomeasures the popularity of database management systemsranking trend
Trend Chart
Score3.25
Rank#90  Overall
#47  Relational DBMS
#7  Time Series DBMS
Score0.85
Rank#208  Overall
#35  Document stores
Score1.53
Rank#152  Overall
#15  Graph DBMS
Score3.15
Rank#95  Overall
#14  Key-value stores
#8  Wide column stores
Score636.25
Rank#4  Overall
#4  Relational DBMS
Websitedruid.apache.orgwww.bigchaindb.comdgraph.iocloud.google.com/­bigtablewww.postgresql.org
Technical documentationdruid.apache.org/­docs/­latest/­designbigchaindb.readthedocs.io/­en/­latestdgraph.io/­docscloud.google.com/­bigtable/­docswww.postgresql.org/­docs
DeveloperApache Software Foundation and contributorsDgraph Labs, Inc.GooglePostgreSQL Global Development Group infowww.postgresql.org/­developer
Initial release20122016201620151989 info1989: Postgres, 1996: PostgreSQL
Current release29.0.1, April 202416.3, May 2024
License infoCommercial or Open SourceOpen Source infoApache license v2Open Source infoAGPL v3Open Source infoApache 2.0commercialOpen Source infoBSD
Cloud-based only infoOnly available as a cloud servicenononoyesno
DBaaS offerings (sponsored links) infoDatabase as a Service

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Implementation languageJavaPythonGoC
Server operating systemsLinux
OS X
Unix
LinuxLinux
OS X
Windows
hostedFreeBSD
HP-UX
Linux
NetBSD
OpenBSD
OS X
Solaris
Unix
Windows
Data schemeyes infoschema-less columns are supportedschema-freeschema-freeschema-freeyes
Typing infopredefined data types such as float or dateyesnoyesnoyes
XML support infoSome form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.nonononoyes infospecific XML-type available, but no XML query functionality.
Secondary indexesyesyesnoyes
SQL infoSupport of SQLSQL for queryingnononoyes infostandard with numerous extensions
APIs and other access methodsJDBC
RESTful HTTP/JSON API
CLI Client
RESTful HTTP API
GraphQL query language
gRPC (using protocol buffers) API
HTTP API
gRPC (using protocol buffers) API
HappyBase (Python library)
HBase compatible API (Java)
ADO.NET
JDBC
native C library
ODBC
streaming API for large objects
Supported programming languagesClojure
JavaScript
PHP
Python
R
Ruby
Scala
Go
Haskell
Java
JavaScript
Python
Ruby
C#
C++
Go
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
PHP
Python
Ruby
C#
C++
Go
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
Python
.Net
C
C++
Delphi
Java infoJDBC
JavaScript (Node.js)
Perl
PHP
Python
Tcl
Server-side scripts infoStored proceduresnononouser defined functions inforealized in proprietary language PL/pgSQL or with common languages like Perl, Python, Tcl etc.
Triggersnononoyes
Partitioning methods infoMethods for storing different data on different nodesSharding infomanual/auto, time-basedShardingyesShardingpartitioning by range, list and (since PostgreSQL 11) by hash
Replication methods infoMethods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodesyes, via HDFS, S3 or other storage enginesselectable replication factorSynchronous replication via RaftInternal replication in Colossus, and regional replication between two clusters in different zonesSource-replica replication infoother methods possible by using 3rd party extensions
MapReduce infoOffers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methodsnononoyesno
Consistency concepts infoMethods to ensure consistency in a distributed systemImmediate ConsistencyImmediate ConsistencyImmediate consistency (for a single cluster), Eventual consistency (for two or more replicated clusters)Immediate Consistency
Foreign keys infoReferential integritynonononoyes
Transaction concepts infoSupport to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of datanoACIDAtomic single-row operationsACID
Concurrency infoSupport for concurrent manipulation of datayesyesyesyesyes
Durability infoSupport for making data persistentyesyes,with MongoDB ord RethinkDByesyesyes
In-memory capabilities infoIs there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.nonono
User concepts infoAccess controlRBAC using LDAP or Druid internals for users and groups for read/write by datasource and systemyesno infoPlanned for future releasesAccess rights for users, groups and roles based on Google Cloud Identity and Access Management (IAM)fine grained access rights according to SQL-standard

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More resources
Apache DruidBigchainDBDgraphGoogle Cloud BigtablePostgreSQL
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