DBMS > Apache Druid vs. BaseX vs. KairosDB vs. PostgreSQL vs. VoltDB

System Properties Comparison Apache Druid vs. BaseX vs. KairosDB vs. PostgreSQL vs. VoltDB

Editorial information provided by DB-Engines

Name

Description

Open-source analytics data store designed for sub-second OLAP queries on high dimensionality and high cardinality data

Light-weight Native XML DBMS with support for XQuery 3.0 and interactive GUI.

Distributed Time Series DBMS based on Cassandra or H2

Widely used open source RDBMS

Developed as objectoriented DBMS (Postgres), gradually enhanced with 'standards' like SQL

Distributed In-Memory NewSQL RDBMS

Used for OLTP applications with a high frequency of relatively simple transactions, that can hold all their data in memory

Primary database model

Relational DBMS
Time Series DBMS

Native XML DBMS

Time Series DBMS

Relational DBMS

with object oriented extensions, e.g.: user defined types/functions and inheritance. Handling of key/value pairs with hstore module.

Relational DBMS

Secondary database models

Document store
Graph DBMS

with Apache Age
Spatial DBMS
Vector DBMS

with pgvector extension

DB-Engines Ranking measures the popularity of database management systems
Trend Chart

Score	3.34
Rank	#88	Overall
	#48	Relational DBMS
	#7	Time Series DBMS

Score	1.73
Rank	#142	Overall
	#4	Native XML DBMS

Score	0.62
Rank	#239	Overall
	#20	Time Series DBMS

Score	645.54
Rank	#4	Overall
	#4	Relational DBMS

Score	1.44
Rank	#158	Overall
	#73	Relational DBMS

Website

druid.apache.org

basex.org

github.com/kairosdb/kairosdb

www.postgresql.org

www.voltdb.com

Technical documentation

druid.apache.org/docs/latest/design

docs.basex.org

kairosdb.github.io

www.postgresql.org/docs

docs.voltdb.com

Developer

Apache Software Foundation and contributors

BaseX GmbH

PostgreSQL Global Development Group

www.postgresql.org/developer

VoltDB Inc.

Initial release

2012

2007

2013

1989

1989: Postgres, 1996: PostgreSQL

2010

Current release

29.0.1, April 2024

10.7, August 2023

1.2.2, November 2018

16.3, May 2024

11.3, April 2022

License

Commercial or Open Source

Open Source

Apache license v2

Open Source

BSD license

Open Source

Apache 2.0

Open Source

BSD

Open Source

AGPL for Community Edition, commercial license for Enterprise, AWS, and Pro Editions

Cloud-based only

Only available as a cloud service

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Implementation language

Java

Java, C++

Server operating systems

Linux
OS X
Unix

Linux
OS X
Windows

FreeBSD
HP-UX
Linux
NetBSD
OpenBSD
OS X
Solaris
Unix
Windows

Linux
OS X

for development

Data scheme

yes

schema-less columns are supported

schema-free

yes

Typing

predefined data types such as float or date

yes

XQuery supports types

yes

XML support

Some form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.

yes

specific XML-type available, but no XML query functionality.

Secondary indexes

yes

SQL

Support of SQL

SQL for querying

yes

standard with numerous extensions

yes

only a subset of SQL 99

APIs and other access methods

JDBC
RESTful HTTP/JSON API

Java API
RESTful HTTP API
RESTXQ
WebDAV
XML:DB
XQJ

Graphite protocol
HTTP REST
Telnet API

ADO.NET
JDBC
native C library
ODBC
streaming API for large objects

Java API
JDBC
RESTful HTTP/JSON API

Supported programming languages

Clojure
JavaScript
PHP
Python
R
Ruby
Scala

Actionscript
C
C#
Haskell
Java
JavaScript

Node.js
Lisp
Perl
PHP
Python
Qt
Rebol
Ruby
Scala
Visual Basic

Java
JavaScript

Node.js
PHP
Python

.Net
C
C++
Delphi
Java

JDBC
JavaScript (Node.js)
Perl
PHP
Python
Tcl

C#
C++
Erlang

not officially supported
Go
Java
JavaScript

Node.js
PHP
Python

Server-side scripts

Stored procedures

yes

user defined functions

realized in proprietary language PL/pgSQL or with common languages like Perl, Python, Tcl etc.

Java

Triggers

yes

via events

yes

Partitioning methods

Methods for storing different data on different nodes

Sharding

manual/auto, time-based

none

Sharding

based on Cassandra

partitioning by range, list and (since PostgreSQL 11) by hash

Sharding

Replication methods

Methods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodes

yes, via HDFS, S3 or other storage engines

none

selectable replication factor

based on Cassandra

Source-replica replication

other methods possible by using 3rd party extensions

Multi-source replication
Source-replica replication

MapReduce

Offers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methods

Consistency concepts

Methods to ensure consistency in a distributed system

Immediate Consistency

Eventual Consistency

based on Cassandra
Immediate Consistency

based on Cassandra

Immediate Consistency

Foreign keys

Referential integrity

yes

FOREIGN KEY constraints are not supported

Transaction concepts

Support to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of data

multiple readers, single writer

ACID

Transactions are executed single-threaded within stored procedures

Concurrency

Support for concurrent manipulation of data

yes

Data access is serialized by the server

Durability

Support for making data persistent

yes

Snapshots and command logging

In-memory capabilities

Is there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.

User concepts

Access control

RBAC using LDAP or Druid internals for users and groups for read/write by datasource and system

Users with fine-grained authorization concept on 4 levels

simple password-based access control

fine grained access rights according to SQL-standard

Users and roles with access to stored procedures

More information provided by the system vendor

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