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DBMS > Apache Druid vs. Apache Phoenix vs. Microsoft Azure Data Explorer vs. OpenMLDB vs. SwayDB

System Properties Comparison Apache Druid vs. Apache Phoenix vs. Microsoft Azure Data Explorer vs. OpenMLDB vs. SwayDB

Editorial information provided by DB-Engines
NameApache Druid  Xexclude from comparisonApache Phoenix  Xexclude from comparisonMicrosoft Azure Data Explorer  Xexclude from comparisonOpenMLDB  Xexclude from comparisonSwayDB  Xexclude from comparison
DescriptionOpen-source analytics data store designed for sub-second OLAP queries on high dimensionality and high cardinality dataA scale-out RDBMS with evolutionary schema built on Apache HBaseFully managed big data interactive analytics platformAn open-source machine learning database that provides a feature platform for training and inferenceAn embeddable, non-blocking, type-safe key-value store for single or multiple disks and in-memory storage
Primary database modelRelational DBMS
Time Series DBMS
Relational DBMSRelational DBMS infocolumn orientedTime Series DBMSKey-value store
Secondary database modelsDocument store infoIf a column is of type dynamic docs.microsoft.com/­en-us/­azure/­kusto/­query/­scalar-data-types/­dynamic then it's possible to add arbitrary JSON documents in this cell
Event Store infothis is the general usage pattern at Microsoft. Billing, Logs, Telemetry events are stored in ADX and the state of an individual entity is defined by the arg_max(timestamps)
Spatial DBMS
Search engine infosupport for complex search expressions docs.microsoft.com/­en-us/­azure/­kusto/­query/­parseoperator FTS, Geospatial docs.microsoft.com/­en-us/­azure/­kusto/­query/­geo-point-to-geohash-function distributed search -> ADX acts as a distributed search engine
Time Series DBMS infosee docs.microsoft.com/­en-us/­azure/­data-explorer/­time-series-analysis
Relational DBMS
DB-Engines Ranking infomeasures the popularity of database management systemsranking trend
Trend Chart
Score3.25
Rank#90  Overall
#47  Relational DBMS
#7  Time Series DBMS
Score2.06
Rank#123  Overall
#58  Relational DBMS
Score3.80
Rank#81  Overall
#43  Relational DBMS
Score0.10
Rank#359  Overall
#36  Time Series DBMS
Score0.04
Rank#387  Overall
#61  Key-value stores
Websitedruid.apache.orgphoenix.apache.orgazure.microsoft.com/­services/­data-exploreropenmldb.aiswaydb.simer.au
Technical documentationdruid.apache.org/­docs/­latest/­designphoenix.apache.orgdocs.microsoft.com/­en-us/­azure/­data-exploreropenmldb.ai/­docs/­zh/­main
DeveloperApache Software Foundation and contributorsApache Software FoundationMicrosoft4 Paradigm Inc.Simer Plaha
Initial release20122014201920202018
Current release29.0.1, April 20245.0-HBase2, July 2018 and 4.15-HBase1, December 2019cloud service with continuous releases2024-2 February 2024
License infoCommercial or Open SourceOpen Source infoApache license v2Open Source infoApache Version 2.0commercialOpen SourceOpen Source infoGNU Affero GPL V3.0
Cloud-based only infoOnly available as a cloud servicenonoyesnono
DBaaS offerings (sponsored links) infoDatabase as a Service

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Implementation languageJavaJavaC++, Java, ScalaScala
Server operating systemsLinux
OS X
Unix
Linux
Unix
Windows
hostedLinux
Data schemeyes infoschema-less columns are supportedyes infolate-bound, schema-on-read capabilitiesFixed schema with schema-less datatypes (dynamic)Fixed schemaschema-free
Typing infopredefined data types such as float or dateyesyesyes infobool, datetime, dynamic, guid, int, long, real, string, timespan, double: docs.microsoft.com/­en-us/­azure/­kusto/­query/­scalar-data-typesyesno
XML support infoSome form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.nonoyesnono
Secondary indexesyesyesall fields are automatically indexedyesno
SQL infoSupport of SQLSQL for queryingyesKusto Query Language (KQL), SQL subsetyesno
APIs and other access methodsJDBC
RESTful HTTP/JSON API
JDBCMicrosoft SQL Server communication protocol (MS-TDS)
RESTful HTTP API
JDBC
SQLAlchemy
Supported programming languagesClojure
JavaScript
PHP
Python
R
Ruby
Scala
C
C#
C++
Go
Groovy
Java
PHP
Python
Scala
.Net
Go
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
PowerShell
Python
R
C++
Go
Java
Python
Scala
Java
Kotlin
Scala
Server-side scripts infoStored proceduresnouser defined functionsYes, possible languages: KQL, Python, Rnono
Triggersnonoyes infosee docs.microsoft.com/­en-us/­azure/­kusto/­management/­updatepolicynono
Partitioning methods infoMethods for storing different data on different nodesSharding infomanual/auto, time-basedShardingSharding infoImplicit feature of the cloud servicehorizontal partitioningnone
Replication methods infoMethods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodesyes, via HDFS, S3 or other storage enginesMulti-source replication
Source-replica replication
yes infoImplicit feature of the cloud service. Replication either local, cross-facility or geo-redundant.Source-replica replicationnone
MapReduce infoOffers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methodsnoHadoop integrationSpark connector (open source): github.com/­Azure/­azure-kusto-sparkno
Consistency concepts infoMethods to ensure consistency in a distributed systemImmediate ConsistencyImmediate Consistency or Eventual ConsistencyEventual Consistency
Immediate Consistency
Immediate ConsistencyImmediate Consistency
Foreign keys infoReferential integritynonononono
Transaction concepts infoSupport to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of datanoACIDnonoAtomic execution of operations
Concurrency infoSupport for concurrent manipulation of datayesyesyesyesyes
Durability infoSupport for making data persistentyesyesyesyesyes
In-memory capabilities infoIs there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.noyesnoyesyes
User concepts infoAccess controlRBAC using LDAP or Druid internals for users and groups for read/write by datasource and systemAccess Control Lists (using HBase ACL) for RBAC, integration with Apache Ranger for RBAC & ABAC, multi-tenancyAzure Active Directory Authenticationfine grained access rights according to SQL-standardno

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More resources
Apache DruidApache PhoenixMicrosoft Azure Data ExplorerOpenMLDBSwayDB
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