DBMS > Apache Druid vs. Apache Phoenix vs. Elasticsearch vs. H2 vs. RocksDB

System Properties Comparison Apache Druid vs. Apache Phoenix vs. Elasticsearch vs. H2 vs. RocksDB

Editorial information provided by DB-Engines

Name

Description

Open-source analytics data store designed for sub-second OLAP queries on high dimensionality and high cardinality data

A scale-out RDBMS with evolutionary schema built on Apache HBase

A distributed, RESTful modern search and analytics engine based on Apache Lucene

Elasticsearch lets you perform and combine many types of searches such as structured, unstructured, geo, and metric

Full-featured RDBMS with a small footprint, either embedded into a Java application or used as a database server.

Embeddable persistent key-value store optimized for fast storage (flash and RAM)

Primary database model

Relational DBMS
Time Series DBMS

Secondary database models

Document store
Spatial DBMS
Vector DBMS

Spatial DBMS

DB-Engines Ranking measures the popularity of database management systems
Trend Chart

Score	3.25
Rank	#90	Overall
	#47	Relational DBMS
	#7	Time Series DBMS

Score	2.06
Rank	#123	Overall
	#58	Relational DBMS

Score	132.83
Rank	#7	Overall
	#1	Search engines

Score	8.33
Rank	#46	Overall
	#30	Relational DBMS

Score	3.41
Rank	#86	Overall
	#11	Key-value stores

Website

druid.apache.org

phoenix.apache.org

www.elastic.co/elasticsearch

www.h2database.com

rocksdb.org

Technical documentation

druid.apache.org/docs/latest/design

phoenix.apache.org

www.elastic.co/guide/en/elasticsearch/reference/current/index.html

www.h2database.com/html/main.html

github.com/facebook/rocksdb/wiki

Developer

Apache Software Foundation and contributors

Apache Software Foundation

Elastic

Thomas Mueller

Facebook, Inc.

Initial release

2012

2014

2010

2005

2013

Current release

29.0.1, April 2024

5.0-HBase2, July 2018 and 4.15-HBase1, December 2019

8.6, January 2023

2.2.220, July 2023

9.2.1, May 2024

License

Commercial or Open Source

Open Source

Apache license v2

Open Source

Apache Version 2.0

Open Source

Elastic License

Open Source

dual-licence (Mozilla public license, Eclipse public license)

Open Source

BSD

Cloud-based only

Only available as a cloud service

DBaaS offerings (sponsored links)

Database as a Service

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Implementation language

Java

C++

Server operating systems

Linux
OS X
Unix

Linux
Unix
Windows

All OS with a Java VM

Linux

Data scheme

yes

schema-less columns are supported

yes

late-bound, schema-on-read capabilities

schema-free

Flexible type definitions. Once a type is defined, it is persistent

yes

schema-free

Typing

predefined data types such as float or date

yes

XML support

Some form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.

Secondary indexes

yes

All search fields are automatically indexed

yes

SQL

Support of SQL

SQL for querying

yes

SQL-like query language

yes

APIs and other access methods

JDBC
RESTful HTTP/JSON API

JDBC

Java API
RESTful HTTP/JSON API

JDBC
ODBC

C++ API
Java API

Supported programming languages

Clojure
JavaScript
PHP
Python
R
Ruby
Scala

C
C#
C++
Go
Groovy
Java
PHP
Python
Scala

.Net
Groovy
Community Contributed Clients
Java
JavaScript
Perl
PHP
Python
Ruby

Java

C
C++
Go
Java
Perl
Python
Ruby

Server-side scripts

Stored procedures

user defined functions

yes

Java Stored Procedures and User-Defined Functions

Triggers

yes

by using the 'percolation' feature

yes

Partitioning methods

Methods for storing different data on different nodes

Sharding

manual/auto, time-based

Sharding

none

horizontal partitioning

Replication methods

Methods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodes

yes, via HDFS, S3 or other storage engines

Multi-source replication
Source-replica replication

yes

With clustering: 2 database servers on different computers operate on identical copies of a database

yes

MapReduce

Offers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methods

Hadoop integration

ES-Hadoop Connector

Consistency concepts

Methods to ensure consistency in a distributed system

Immediate Consistency

Immediate Consistency or Eventual Consistency

Eventual Consistency

Synchronous doc based replication. Get by ID may show delays up to 1 sec. Configurable write consistency: one, quorum, all

Immediate Consistency

Foreign keys

Referential integrity

yes

Transaction concepts

Support to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of data

ACID

yes

Concurrency

Support for concurrent manipulation of data

yes

yes, multi-version concurrency control (MVCC)

yes

Durability

Support for making data persistent

yes

In-memory capabilities

Is there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.

yes

Memcached and Redis integration

yes

User concepts

Access control

RBAC using LDAP or Druid internals for users and groups for read/write by datasource and system

Access Control Lists (using HBase ACL) for RBAC, integration with Apache Ranger for RBAC & ABAC, multi-tenancy

fine grained access rights according to SQL-standard

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