DBMS > Apache Druid vs. Apache Jena - TDB vs. Datomic vs. Microsoft SQL Server vs. TiDB

System Properties Comparison Apache Druid vs. Apache Jena - TDB vs. Datomic vs. Microsoft SQL Server vs. TiDB

Editorial information provided by DB-Engines

Name

Description

Open-source analytics data store designed for sub-second OLAP queries on high dimensionality and high cardinality data

A RDF storage and query DBMS, shipped as an optional-use component of the Apache Jena framework

Datomic builds on immutable values, supports point-in-time queries and uses 3rd party systems for durability

Microsofts flagship relational DBMS

TiDB is an open source distributed SQL database that supports Hybrid Transactional/Analytical Processing (HTAP) workloads. It is MySQL compatible and features horizontal scalability, strong consistency, and high availability.

Primary database model

Relational DBMS
Time Series DBMS

RDF store

Relational DBMS

Secondary database models

Document store
Graph DBMS
Spatial DBMS

Document store

DB-Engines Ranking measures the popularity of database management systems
Trend Chart

Score	3.34
Rank	#88	Overall
	#48	Relational DBMS
	#7	Time Series DBMS

Score	3.75
Rank	#84	Overall
	#3	RDF stores

Score	1.59
Rank	#150	Overall
	#69	Relational DBMS

Score	824.29
Rank	#3	Overall
	#3	Relational DBMS

Score	4.66
Rank	#70	Overall
	#38	Relational DBMS

Website

druid.apache.org

jena.apache.org/documentation/tdb/index.html

www.datomic.com

www.microsoft.com/en-us/sql-server

pingcap.com

Technical documentation

druid.apache.org/docs/latest/design

jena.apache.org/documentation/tdb/index.html

docs.datomic.com

learn.microsoft.com/en-US/sql/sql-server

docs.pingcap.com/tidb/stable

Developer

Apache Software Foundation and contributors

Apache Software Foundation

originally developed by HP Labs

Cognitect

Microsoft

PingCAP, Inc.

Initial release

2012

2000

2012

1989

2016

Current release

29.0.1, April 2024

4.9.0, July 2023

1.0.6735, June 2023

SQL Server 2022, November 2022

8.0.0, March 2024

License

Commercial or Open Source

Open Source

Apache license v2

Open Source

Apache License, Version 2.0

commercial

limited edition free

commercial

restricted free version is available

Open Source

Apache 2.0

Cloud-based only

Only available as a cloud service

DBaaS offerings (sponsored links)

Database as a Service

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Implementation language

Java

Java, Clojure

C++

Go, Rust

Server operating systems

Linux
OS X
Unix

All OS with a Java VM

Linux
Windows

Linux

Data scheme

yes

schema-less columns are supported

yes

RDF Schemas

yes

Typing

predefined data types such as float or date

yes

XML support

Some form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.

yes

Secondary indexes

yes

SQL

Support of SQL

SQL for querying

yes

APIs and other access methods

JDBC
RESTful HTTP/JSON API

Fuseki

REST-style SPARQL HTTP Interface
Jena RDF API
RIO

RDF Input/Output

RESTful HTTP API

ADO.NET
JDBC
ODBC
OLE DB
Tabular Data Stream (TDS)

GORM
JDBC
ODBC
Proprietary protocol
SQLAlchemy

Supported programming languages

Clojure
JavaScript
PHP
Python
R
Ruby
Scala

Java

Clojure
Java

C#
C++
Delphi
Go
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
PHP
Python
R
Ruby
Visual Basic

Ada
C
C#
C++
D
Delphi
Eiffel
Erlang
Haskell
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
Objective-C
OCaml
Perl
PHP
Python
Ruby
Scheme
Tcl

Server-side scripts

Stored procedures

yes

Transaction Functions

Transact SQL, .NET languages, R, Python and (with SQL Server 2019) Java

Triggers

yes

via event handler

By using transaction functions

yes

Partitioning methods

Methods for storing different data on different nodes

Sharding

manual/auto, time-based

none

But extensive use of caching in the application peers

tables can be distributed across several files (horizontal partitioning); sharding through federation

horizontal partitioning (by key range)

Replication methods

Methods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodes

yes, via HDFS, S3 or other storage engines

none

But extensive use of caching in the application peers

yes, but depending on the SQL-Server Edition

Using Raft consensus algorithm to ensure data replication with strong consistency among multiple replicas.

MapReduce

Offers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methods

yes

with TiSpark Connector

Consistency concepts

Methods to ensure consistency in a distributed system

Immediate Consistency

Foreign keys

Referential integrity

yes

full support since version 6.6

Transaction concepts

Support to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of data

ACID

TDB Transactions

ACID

Concurrency

Support for concurrent manipulation of data

yes

Durability

Support for making data persistent

yes

using external storage systems (e.g. Cassandra, DynamoDB, PostgreSQL, Couchbase and others)

yes

In-memory capabilities

Is there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.

yes

recommended only for testing and development

yes

User concepts

Access control

RBAC using LDAP or Druid internals for users and groups for read/write by datasource and system

Access control via Jena Security

fine grained access rights according to SQL-standard

Fine grained access rights according to SQL-standard

More information provided by the system vendor

Specific characteristics

TiDB is an advanced open-source, distributed SQL database for modern application...
» more

Competitive advantages

- HORIZONTAL SCALING : TiDB grants total transparency into your data workloads without...
» more

Typical application scenarios

TiDB is ideal for transactional applications that require extreme scalability and...
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Key customers

Block, Pinterest, Catalyst, Bolt, Flipkart, Capcom, Shopee (E-commerce), JD Cloud...
» more

Market metrics

34K+ GitHub stars 5K+ members in TiDB Community Slack 1K+ community contributors...
» more

Licensing and pricing models

TiDB Community : Free open source software (Apache 2.0) TiDB Self-Hosted : Enterprise...
» more

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