DBMS > Apache Druid vs. Apache Impala vs. Microsoft Azure SQL Database vs. MySQL vs. RRDtool

System Properties Comparison Apache Druid vs. Apache Impala vs. Microsoft Azure SQL Database vs. MySQL vs. RRDtool

Editorial information provided by DB-Engines

Name

Description

Open-source analytics data store designed for sub-second OLAP queries on high dimensionality and high cardinality data

Analytic DBMS for Hadoop

Database as a Service offering with high compatibility to Microsoft SQL Server

Widely used open source RDBMS

Industry standard data logging and graphing tool for time series data. RRD is an acronym for round-robin database.

The data is stored in a circular buffer, thus the system storage footprint remains constant over time.

Primary database model

Relational DBMS
Time Series DBMS

Relational DBMS

Key/Value like access via memcached API

Time Series DBMS

Secondary database models

Document store

Document store
Graph DBMS
Spatial DBMS

Document store
Spatial DBMS

DB-Engines Ranking measures the popularity of database management systems
Trend Chart

Score	3.34
Rank	#88	Overall
	#48	Relational DBMS
	#7	Time Series DBMS

Score	13.77
Rank	#40	Overall
	#24	Relational DBMS

Score	77.99
Rank	#16	Overall
	#11	Relational DBMS

Score	1083.74
Rank	#2	Overall
	#2	Relational DBMS

Score	1.87
Rank	#136	Overall
	#11	Time Series DBMS

Website

druid.apache.org

impala.apache.org

azure.microsoft.com/en-us/products/azure-sql/database

www.mysql.com

oss.oetiker.ch/rrdtool

Technical documentation

druid.apache.org/docs/latest/design

impala.apache.org/impala-docs.html

docs.microsoft.com/en-us/azure/azure-sql

dev.mysql.com/doc

oss.oetiker.ch/rrdtool/doc

Developer

Apache Software Foundation and contributors

Apache Software Foundation

Apache top-level project, originally developed by Cloudera

Microsoft

Oracle

since 2010, originally MySQL AB, then Sun

Tobias Oetiker

Initial release

2012

2013

2010

1995

1999

Current release

29.0.1, April 2024

4.1.0, June 2022

V12

8.4.0, April 2024

1.8.0, 2022

License

Commercial or Open Source

Open Source

Apache license v2

Open Source

Apache Version 2

commercial

Open Source

GPL version 2. Commercial licenses with extended functionallity are available

Open Source

GPL V2 and FLOSS

Cloud-based only

Only available as a cloud service

yes

DBaaS offerings (sponsored links)

Database as a Service

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Implementation language

Java

C++

C and C++

Implementations in Java (e.g. RRD4J) and C# available

Server operating systems

Linux
OS X
Unix

Linux

hosted

FreeBSD
Linux
OS X
Solaris
Windows

HP-UX
Linux

Data scheme

yes

schema-less columns are supported

yes

Typing

predefined data types such as float or date

yes

Numeric data only

XML support

Some form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.

yes

Exporting into and restoring from XML files possible

Secondary indexes

yes

SQL

Support of SQL

SQL for querying

SQL-like DML and DDL statements

yes

with proprietary extensions

APIs and other access methods

JDBC
RESTful HTTP/JSON API

JDBC
ODBC

ADO.NET
JDBC
ODBC

ADO.NET
JDBC
ODBC
Proprietary native API

in-process shared library
Pipes

Supported programming languages

Clojure
JavaScript
PHP
Python
R
Ruby
Scala

All languages supporting JDBC/ODBC

.Net
C#
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
PHP
Python
Ruby

Ada
C
C#
C++
D
Delphi
Eiffel
Erlang
Haskell
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
Objective-C
OCaml
Perl
PHP
Python
Ruby
Scheme
Tcl

with librrd library
C#

with a different implementation of RRDTool
Java

with a different implementation of RRDTool
JavaScript (Node.js)

with a different implementation of RRDTool
Lua
Perl
PHP

with a wrapper library
Python
Ruby

Server-side scripts

Stored procedures

yes

user defined functions and integration of map-reduce

Transact SQL

yes

proprietary syntax

Triggers

yes

Partitioning methods

Methods for storing different data on different nodes

Sharding

manual/auto, time-based

Sharding

horizontal partitioning, sharding with MySQL Cluster or MySQL Fabric

none

Replication methods

Methods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodes

yes, via HDFS, S3 or other storage engines

selectable replication factor

yes, with always 3 replicas available

Multi-source replication
Source-replica replication

none

MapReduce

Offers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methods

yes

query execution via MapReduce

Consistency concepts

Methods to ensure consistency in a distributed system

Immediate Consistency

Eventual Consistency

Immediate Consistency

none

Foreign keys

Referential integrity

yes

not for MyISAM storage engine

Transaction concepts

Support to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of data

ACID

not for MyISAM storage engine

Concurrency

Support for concurrent manipulation of data

yes

table locks or row locks depending on storage engine

yes

by using the rrdcached daemon

Durability

Support for making data persistent

yes

In-memory capabilities

Is there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.

yes

User concepts

Access control

RBAC using LDAP or Druid internals for users and groups for read/write by datasource and system

Access rights for users, groups and roles

based on Apache Sentry and Kerberos

fine grained access rights according to SQL-standard

Users with fine-grained authorization concept

no user groups or roles

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