DBMS > Apache Druid vs. Apache Impala vs. Microsoft Azure AI Search vs. mSQL vs. Oracle

System Properties Comparison Apache Druid vs. Apache Impala vs. Microsoft Azure AI Search vs. mSQL vs. Oracle

Editorial information provided by DB-Engines

Name

Description

Open-source analytics data store designed for sub-second OLAP queries on high dimensionality and high cardinality data

Analytic DBMS for Hadoop

Search-as-a-service for web and mobile app development

mSQL (Mini SQL) is a simple and lightweight RDBMS

Widely used RDBMS

Primary database model

Relational DBMS
Time Series DBMS

Relational DBMS

Search engine

Relational DBMS

Secondary database models

Document store

Vector DBMS

Document store
Graph DBMS

with Oracle Spatial and Graph
RDF store

with Oracle Spatial and Graph
Spatial DBMS

with Oracle Spatial and Graph
Vector DBMS

since Oracle 23

DB-Engines Ranking measures the popularity of database management systems
Trend Chart

Score	3.34
Rank	#88	Overall
	#48	Relational DBMS
	#7	Time Series DBMS

Score	13.77
Rank	#40	Overall
	#24	Relational DBMS

Score	5.59
Rank	#63	Overall
	#7	Search engines

Score	1.27
Rank	#167	Overall
	#77	Relational DBMS

Score	1236.29
Rank	#1	Overall
	#1	Relational DBMS

Website

druid.apache.org

impala.apache.org

azure.microsoft.com/en-us/services/search

hughestech.com.au/products/msql

www.oracle.com/database

Technical documentation

druid.apache.org/docs/latest/design

impala.apache.org/impala-docs.html

learn.microsoft.com/en-us/azure/search

docs.oracle.com/en/database

Developer

Apache Software Foundation and contributors

Apache Software Foundation

Apache top-level project, originally developed by Cloudera

Microsoft

Hughes Technologies

Oracle

Initial release

2012

2013

2015

1994

1980

Current release

29.0.1, April 2024

4.1.0, June 2022

4.4, October 2021

23c, September 2023

License

Commercial or Open Source

Open Source

Apache license v2

Open Source

Apache Version 2

commercial

free licenses can be provided

commercial

restricted free version is available

Cloud-based only

Only available as a cloud service

yes

DBaaS offerings (sponsored links)

Database as a Service

Providers of DBaaS offerings, please contact us to be listed.

Implementation language

Java

C++

C and C++

Server operating systems

Linux
OS X
Unix

Linux

hosted

AIX
HP-UX
Linux
OS X
Solaris SPARC/x86
Windows

AIX
HP-UX
Linux
OS X
Solaris
Windows
z/OS

Data scheme

yes

schema-less columns are supported

yes

Schemaless in JSON and XML columns

Typing

predefined data types such as float or date

yes

XML support

Some form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.

yes

Secondary indexes

yes

SQL

Support of SQL

SQL for querying

SQL-like DML and DDL statements

A subset of ANSI SQL is implemented

no subqueries, aggregate functions, views, foreign keys, triggers

yes

with proprietary extensions

APIs and other access methods

JDBC
RESTful HTTP/JSON API

JDBC
ODBC

RESTful HTTP API

JDBC
ODBC

JDBC
ODBC
ODP.NET
Oracle Call Interface (OCI)

Supported programming languages

Clojure
JavaScript
PHP
Python
R
Ruby
Scala

All languages supporting JDBC/ODBC

C#
Java
JavaScript
Python

C
C++
Delphi
Java
Perl
PHP
Tcl

C
C#
C++
Clojure
Cobol
Delphi
Eiffel
Erlang
Fortran
Groovy
Haskell
Java
JavaScript
Lisp
Objective C
OCaml
Perl
PHP
Python
R
Ruby
Scala
Tcl
Visual Basic

Server-side scripts

Stored procedures

yes

user defined functions and integration of map-reduce

PL/SQL

also stored procedures in Java possible

Triggers

yes

Partitioning methods

Methods for storing different data on different nodes

Sharding

manual/auto, time-based

Sharding

Implicit feature of the cloud service

none

Sharding, horizontal partitioning

Replication methods

Methods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodes

yes, via HDFS, S3 or other storage engines

selectable replication factor

yes

Implicit feature of the cloud service

none

Multi-source replication
Source-replica replication

MapReduce

Offers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methods

yes

query execution via MapReduce

can be realized in PL/SQL

Consistency concepts

Methods to ensure consistency in a distributed system

Immediate Consistency

Eventual Consistency

Immediate Consistency

none

Immediate Consistency

Foreign keys

Referential integrity

yes

Transaction concepts

Support to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of data

ACID

isolation level can be parameterized

Concurrency

Support for concurrent manipulation of data

yes

Durability

Support for making data persistent

yes

In-memory capabilities

Is there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.

yes

Version 12c introduced the new option 'Oracle Database In-Memory'

User concepts

Access control

RBAC using LDAP or Druid internals for users and groups for read/write by datasource and system

Access rights for users, groups and roles

based on Apache Sentry and Kerberos

yes

using Azure authentication

fine grained access rights according to SQL-standard

More information provided by the system vendor

We invite representatives of system vendors to contact us for updating and extending the system information,
and for displaying vendor-provided information such as key customers, competitive advantages and market metrics.