DBMS > Apache Druid vs. Apache Impala vs. GeoMesa vs. Microsoft SQL Server vs. TerarkDB

System Properties Comparison Apache Druid vs. Apache Impala vs. GeoMesa vs. Microsoft SQL Server vs. TerarkDB

Editorial information provided by DB-Engines

Name

Description

Open-source analytics data store designed for sub-second OLAP queries on high dimensionality and high cardinality data

Analytic DBMS for Hadoop

GeoMesa is a distributed spatio-temporal DBMS based on various systems as storage layer.

Microsofts flagship relational DBMS

A key-value store forked from RocksDB with advanced compression algorithms. It can be used standalone or as a storage engine for MySQL and MongoDB

Primary database model

Relational DBMS
Time Series DBMS

Secondary database models

Document store

Document store
Graph DBMS
Spatial DBMS

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Trend Chart

Score	3.25
Rank	#90	Overall
	#47	Relational DBMS
	#7	Time Series DBMS

Score	12.45
Rank	#40	Overall
	#24	Relational DBMS

Score	0.86
Rank	#205	Overall
	#4	Spatial DBMS

Score	821.56
Rank	#3	Overall
	#3	Relational DBMS

Score	0.08
Rank	#367	Overall
	#56	Key-value stores

Website

druid.apache.org

impala.apache.org

www.geomesa.org

www.microsoft.com/en-us/sql-server

github.com/bytedance/terarkdb

Technical documentation

druid.apache.org/docs/latest/design

impala.apache.org/impala-docs.html

www.geomesa.org/documentation/stable/user/index.html

learn.microsoft.com/en-US/sql/sql-server

bytedance.larkoffice.com/docs/doccnZmYFqHBm06BbvYgjsHHcKc

Developer

Apache Software Foundation and contributors

Apache Software Foundation

Apache top-level project, originally developed by Cloudera

CCRi and others

Microsoft

ByteDance, originally Terark

Initial release

2012

2013

2014

1989

2016

Current release

29.0.1, April 2024

4.1.0, June 2022

5.0.0, May 2024

SQL Server 2022, November 2022

License

Commercial or Open Source

Open Source

Apache license v2

Open Source

Apache Version 2

Open Source

Apache License 2.0

commercial

restricted free version is available

commercial

restricted open source version available

Cloud-based only

Only available as a cloud service

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Implementation language

Java

C++

Scala

C++

Server operating systems

Linux
OS X
Unix

Linux

Linux
Windows

Data scheme

yes

schema-less columns are supported

yes

schema-free

Typing

predefined data types such as float or date

yes

XML support

Some form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.

yes

Secondary indexes

yes

SQL

Support of SQL

SQL for querying

SQL-like DML and DDL statements

yes

APIs and other access methods

JDBC
RESTful HTTP/JSON API

JDBC
ODBC

ADO.NET
JDBC
ODBC
OLE DB
Tabular Data Stream (TDS)

C++ API
Java API

Supported programming languages

Clojure
JavaScript
PHP
Python
R
Ruby
Scala

All languages supporting JDBC/ODBC

C#
C++
Delphi
Go
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
PHP
Python
R
Ruby
Visual Basic

C++
Java

Server-side scripts

Stored procedures

yes

user defined functions and integration of map-reduce

Transact SQL, .NET languages, R, Python and (with SQL Server 2019) Java

Triggers

yes

Partitioning methods

Methods for storing different data on different nodes

Sharding

manual/auto, time-based

Sharding

depending on storage layer

tables can be distributed across several files (horizontal partitioning); sharding through federation

none

Replication methods

Methods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodes

yes, via HDFS, S3 or other storage engines

selectable replication factor

depending on storage layer

yes, but depending on the SQL-Server Edition

none

MapReduce

Offers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methods

yes

query execution via MapReduce

yes

Consistency concepts

Methods to ensure consistency in a distributed system

Immediate Consistency

Eventual Consistency

depending on storage layer

Immediate Consistency

Foreign keys

Referential integrity

yes

Transaction concepts

Support to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of data

ACID

Concurrency

Support for concurrent manipulation of data

yes

Durability

Support for making data persistent

yes

In-memory capabilities

Is there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.

depending on storage layer

yes

User concepts

Access control

RBAC using LDAP or Druid internals for users and groups for read/write by datasource and system

Access rights for users, groups and roles

based on Apache Sentry and Kerberos

yes

depending on the DBMS used for storage

fine grained access rights according to SQL-standard

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