DBMS > Apache Druid vs. Apache Impala vs. Couchbase vs. GigaSpaces vs. Postgres-XL

System Properties Comparison Apache Druid vs. Apache Impala vs. Couchbase vs. GigaSpaces vs. Postgres-XL

Editorial information provided by DB-Engines

Name

Description

Open-source analytics data store designed for sub-second OLAP queries on high dimensionality and high cardinality data

Analytic DBMS for Hadoop

A distributed document store with integrated cache, a powerful search engine, in-built operational and analytical capabilities, and an embedded mobile database

High performance in-memory data grid platform, powering three products: Smart Cache, Smart ODS (Operational Data Store), Smart Augmented Transactions

Based on PostgreSQL enhanced with MPP and write-scale-out cluster features

Primary database model

Relational DBMS
Time Series DBMS

Relational DBMS

Document store

Document store
Object oriented DBMS

Values are user defined objects

Relational DBMS

Secondary database models

Document store

Key-value store

originating from the former Membase product and supporting the Memcached protocol
Spatial DBMS

using the Geocouch extension
Search engine
Time Series DBMS
Vector DBMS

Graph DBMS
Search engine

Document store
Spatial DBMS

DB-Engines Ranking measures the popularity of database management systems
Trend Chart

Score	3.25
Rank	#90	Overall
	#47	Relational DBMS
	#7	Time Series DBMS

Score	12.45
Rank	#40	Overall
	#24	Relational DBMS

Score	16.59
Rank	#36	Overall
	#5	Document stores

Score	1.03
Rank	#188	Overall
	#32	Document stores
	#6	Object oriented DBMS

Score	0.53
Rank	#254	Overall
	#117	Relational DBMS

Website

Technical documentation

druid.apache.org/docs/latest/design

impala.apache.org/impala-docs.html

docs.couchbase.com

docs.gigaspaces.com/latest/landing.html

www.postgres-xl.org/documentation

Developer

Apache Software Foundation and contributors

Apache Software Foundation

Apache top-level project, originally developed by Cloudera

Couchbase, Inc.

Gigaspaces Technologies

Initial release

2012

2013

2011

2000

2014

since 2012, originally named StormDB

Current release

29.0.1, April 2024

4.1.0, June 2022

Server: 7.2, June 2023; Mobile: 3.1, March 2022; Couchbase Capella (DBaaS), June 2023

15.5, September 2020

10 R1, October 2018

License

Commercial or Open Source

Open Source

Apache license v2

Open Source

Apache Version 2

Open Source

Business Source License (BSL 1.1); Commercial licenses also available

Open Source

Apache Version 2; Commercial licenses available

Open Source

Mozilla public license

Cloud-based only

Only available as a cloud service

DBaaS offerings (sponsored links)

Database as a Service

Providers of DBaaS offerings, please contact us to be listed.

Implementation language

Java

C++

C, C++, Go and Erlang

Java, C++, .Net

Server operating systems

Linux
OS X
Unix

Linux

Linux
OS X
Windows

Linux
macOS
Solaris
Windows

Linux
macOS

Data scheme

yes

schema-less columns are supported

yes

schema-free

yes

Typing

predefined data types such as float or date

yes

XML support

Some form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.

XML can be used for describing objects metadata

yes

XML type, but no XML query functionality

Secondary indexes

yes

SQL

Support of SQL

SQL for querying

SQL-like DML and DDL statements

SQL++, extends ANSI SQL to JSON for operational, transactional, and analytic use cases

SQL-99 for query and DML statements

yes

distributed, parallel query execution

APIs and other access methods

JDBC
RESTful HTTP/JSON API

JDBC
ODBC

CLI Client
HTTP REST
Kafka Connector
Native language bindings for CRUD, Query, Search and Analytics APIs
Spark Connector
Spring Data

GigaSpaces LRMI
Hibernate
JCache
JDBC
JPA
ODBC
RESTful HTTP API
Spring Data

ADO.NET
JDBC
native C library
ODBC
streaming API for large objects

Supported programming languages

Clojure
JavaScript
PHP
Python
R
Ruby
Scala

All languages supporting JDBC/ODBC

.Net
C
Go
Java
JavaScript

Node.js
Kotlin
PHP
Python
Ruby
Scala

.Net
C++
Java
Python
Scala

.Net
C
C++
Delphi
Erlang
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
Perl
PHP
Python
Tcl

Server-side scripts

Stored procedures

yes

user defined functions and integration of map-reduce

Functions and timers in JavaScript and UDFs in Java, Python, SQL++

yes

user defined functions

Triggers

yes

via the TAP protocol

yes, event driven architecture

yes

Partitioning methods

Methods for storing different data on different nodes

Sharding

manual/auto, time-based

Sharding

Automatic Sharding

Sharding

horizontal partitioning

Replication methods

Methods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodes

yes, via HDFS, S3 or other storage engines

selectable replication factor

Multi-source replication

including cross data center replication
Source-replica replication

Multi-source replication

synchronous or asynchronous
Source-replica replication

synchronous or asynchronous

MapReduce

Offers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methods

yes

query execution via MapReduce

yes

Map-Reduce pattern can be built with XAP task executors

Consistency concepts

Methods to ensure consistency in a distributed system

Immediate Consistency

Eventual Consistency

Eventual Consistency
Immediate Consistency

selectable on a per-operation basis

Immediate Consistency

Consistency level configurable: ALL, QUORUM, ANY

Immediate Consistency

Foreign keys

Referential integrity

yes

Transaction concepts

Support to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of data

ACID

MVCC

Concurrency

Support for concurrent manipulation of data

yes

Durability

Support for making data persistent

yes

In-memory capabilities

Is there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.

yes

Ephemeral buckets

yes

User concepts

Access control

RBAC using LDAP or Druid internals for users and groups for read/write by datasource and system

Access rights for users, groups and roles

based on Apache Sentry and Kerberos

User and Administrator separation with password-based and LDAP integrated Authentication. Role-base access control.

Role-based access control

fine grained access rights according to SQL-standard

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