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DBMS > Apache Druid vs. Apache Impala vs. BoltDB vs. Datomic vs. Heroic

System Properties Comparison Apache Druid vs. Apache Impala vs. BoltDB vs. Datomic vs. Heroic

Editorial information provided by DB-Engines
NameApache Druid  Xexclude from comparisonApache Impala  Xexclude from comparisonBoltDB  Xexclude from comparisonDatomic  Xexclude from comparisonHeroic  Xexclude from comparison
DescriptionOpen-source analytics data store designed for sub-second OLAP queries on high dimensionality and high cardinality dataAnalytic DBMS for HadoopAn embedded key-value store for Go.Datomic builds on immutable values, supports point-in-time queries and uses 3rd party systems for durabilityTime Series DBMS built at Spotify based on Cassandra or Google Cloud Bigtable, and ElasticSearch
Primary database modelRelational DBMS
Time Series DBMS
Relational DBMSKey-value storeRelational DBMSTime Series DBMS
Secondary database modelsDocument store
DB-Engines Ranking infomeasures the popularity of database management systemsranking trend
Trend Chart
Score3.34
Rank#88  Overall
#48  Relational DBMS
#7  Time Series DBMS
Score13.77
Rank#40  Overall
#24  Relational DBMS
Score0.74
Rank#220  Overall
#31  Key-value stores
Score1.59
Rank#150  Overall
#69  Relational DBMS
Score0.51
Rank#255  Overall
#21  Time Series DBMS
Websitedruid.apache.orgimpala.apache.orggithub.com/­boltdb/­boltwww.datomic.comgithub.com/­spotify/­heroic
Technical documentationdruid.apache.org/­docs/­latest/­designimpala.apache.org/­impala-docs.htmldocs.datomic.comspotify.github.io/­heroic
DeveloperApache Software Foundation and contributorsApache Software Foundation infoApache top-level project, originally developed by ClouderaCognitectSpotify
Initial release20122013201320122014
Current release29.0.1, April 20244.1.0, June 20221.0.6735, June 2023
License infoCommercial or Open SourceOpen Source infoApache license v2Open Source infoApache Version 2Open Source infoMIT Licensecommercial infolimited edition freeOpen Source infoApache 2.0
Cloud-based only infoOnly available as a cloud servicenonononono
DBaaS offerings (sponsored links) infoDatabase as a Service

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Implementation languageJavaC++GoJava, ClojureJava
Server operating systemsLinux
OS X
Unix
LinuxBSD
Linux
OS X
Solaris
Windows
All OS with a Java VM
Data schemeyes infoschema-less columns are supportedyesschema-freeyesschema-free
Typing infopredefined data types such as float or dateyesyesnoyesyes
XML support infoSome form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.nonononono
Secondary indexesyesyesnoyesyes infovia Elasticsearch
SQL infoSupport of SQLSQL for queryingSQL-like DML and DDL statementsnonono
APIs and other access methodsJDBC
RESTful HTTP/JSON API
JDBC
ODBC
RESTful HTTP APIHQL (Heroic Query Language, a JSON-based language)
HTTP API
Supported programming languagesClojure
JavaScript
PHP
Python
R
Ruby
Scala
All languages supporting JDBC/ODBCGoClojure
Java
Server-side scripts infoStored proceduresnoyes infouser defined functions and integration of map-reducenoyes infoTransaction Functionsno
TriggersnononoBy using transaction functionsno
Partitioning methods infoMethods for storing different data on different nodesSharding infomanual/auto, time-basedShardingnonenone infoBut extensive use of caching in the application peersSharding
Replication methods infoMethods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodesyes, via HDFS, S3 or other storage enginesselectable replication factornonenone infoBut extensive use of caching in the application peersyes
MapReduce infoOffers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methodsnoyes infoquery execution via MapReducenonono
Consistency concepts infoMethods to ensure consistency in a distributed systemImmediate ConsistencyEventual ConsistencynoneImmediate ConsistencyEventual Consistency
Immediate Consistency
Foreign keys infoReferential integritynonononono
Transaction concepts infoSupport to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of datanonoyesACIDno
Concurrency infoSupport for concurrent manipulation of datayesyesyesyesyes
Durability infoSupport for making data persistentyesyesyesyes infousing external storage systems (e.g. Cassandra, DynamoDB, PostgreSQL, Couchbase and others)yes
In-memory capabilities infoIs there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.nononoyes inforecommended only for testing and developmentno
User concepts infoAccess controlRBAC using LDAP or Druid internals for users and groups for read/write by datasource and systemAccess rights for users, groups and roles infobased on Apache Sentry and Kerberosnono

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More resources
Apache DruidApache ImpalaBoltDBDatomicHeroic
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