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DBMS > Apache Drill vs. Google Cloud Spanner vs. H2 vs. Heroic vs. Microsoft Azure SQL Database

System Properties Comparison Apache Drill vs. Google Cloud Spanner vs. H2 vs. Heroic vs. Microsoft Azure SQL Database

Editorial information provided by DB-Engines
NameApache Drill  Xexclude from comparisonGoogle Cloud Spanner  Xexclude from comparisonH2  Xexclude from comparisonHeroic  Xexclude from comparisonMicrosoft Azure SQL Database infoformerly SQL Azure  Xexclude from comparison
DescriptionSchema-free SQL Query Engine for Hadoop, NoSQL and Cloud StorageA horizontally scalable, globally consistent, relational database service. It is the externalization of the core Google database that runs the biggest aspects of Google, like Ads and Google Play.Full-featured RDBMS with a small footprint, either embedded into a Java application or used as a database server.Time Series DBMS built at Spotify based on Cassandra or Google Cloud Bigtable, and ElasticSearchDatabase as a Service offering with high compatibility to Microsoft SQL Server
Primary database modelDocument store
Relational DBMS
Relational DBMSRelational DBMSTime Series DBMSRelational DBMS
Secondary database modelsSpatial DBMSDocument store
Graph DBMS
Spatial DBMS
DB-Engines Ranking infomeasures the popularity of database management systemsranking trend
Trend Chart
Score1.84
Rank#125  Overall
#23  Document stores
#60  Relational DBMS
Score2.70
Rank#100  Overall
#51  Relational DBMS
Score7.10
Rank#47  Overall
#29  Relational DBMS
Score0.02
Rank#368  Overall
#38  Time Series DBMS
Score76.53
Rank#16  Overall
#11  Relational DBMS
Websitedrill.apache.orgcloud.google.com/­spannerwww.h2database.comgithub.com/­spotify/­heroicazure.microsoft.com/­en-us/­products/­azure-sql/­database
Technical documentationdrill.apache.org/­docscloud.google.com/­spanner/­docswww.h2database.com/­html/­main.htmlspotify.github.io/­heroicdocs.microsoft.com/­en-us/­azure/­azure-sql
DeveloperApache Software FoundationGoogleThomas MuellerSpotifyMicrosoft
Initial release20122017200520142010
Current release1.20.3, January 20232.2.220, July 2023V12
License infoCommercial or Open SourceOpen Source infoApache Version 2commercialOpen Source infodual-licence (Mozilla public license, Eclipse public license)Open Source infoApache 2.0commercial
Cloud-based only infoOnly available as a cloud servicenoyesnonoyes
DBaaS offerings (sponsored links) infoDatabase as a Service

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Implementation languageJavaJavaC++
Server operating systemsLinux
OS X
Windows
hostedAll OS with a Java VMhosted
Data schemeschema-freeyesyesschema-freeyes
Typing infopredefined data types such as float or dateyesyesyesyesyes
XML support infoSome form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.nonononoyes
Secondary indexesnoyesyesyes infovia Elasticsearchyes
SQL infoSupport of SQLSQL SELECT statement is SQL:2003 compliantyes infoQuery statements complying to ANSI 2011yesnoyes
APIs and other access methodsJDBC
ODBC
RESTful HTTP API
gRPC (using protocol buffers) API
JDBC infoAt present, JDBC supports read-only queries. No support for DDL or DML statements.
RESTful HTTP API
JDBC
ODBC
HQL (Heroic Query Language, a JSON-based language)
HTTP API
ADO.NET
JDBC
ODBC
Supported programming languagesC++Go
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
Python
Java.Net
C#
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
PHP
Python
Ruby
Server-side scripts infoStored proceduresuser defined functionsnoJava Stored Procedures and User-Defined FunctionsnoTransact SQL
Triggersnonoyesnoyes
Partitioning methods infoMethods for storing different data on different nodesShardingShardingnoneSharding
Replication methods infoMethods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodesMulti-source replication with 3 replicas for regional instances.With clustering: 2 database servers on different computers operate on identical copies of a databaseyesyes, with always 3 replicas available
MapReduce infoOffers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methodsyesyes infousing Google Cloud Dataflownonono
Consistency concepts infoMethods to ensure consistency in a distributed systemnoneImmediate ConsistencyImmediate ConsistencyEventual Consistency
Immediate Consistency
Immediate Consistency
Foreign keys infoReferential integritynoyes infoby using interleaved tables, this features focuses more on performance improvements than on referential integrityyesnoyes
Transaction concepts infoSupport to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of datanoACID infoStrict serializable isolationACIDnoACID
Concurrency infoSupport for concurrent manipulation of datayesyesyes, multi-version concurrency control (MVCC)yesyes
Durability infoSupport for making data persistentDepending on the underlying data sourceyesyesyesyes
In-memory capabilities infoIs there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.Depending on the underlying data sourcenoyesno
User concepts infoAccess controlDepending on the underlying data sourceAccess rights for users, groups and roles based on Google Cloud Identity and Access Management (IAM)fine grained access rights according to SQL-standardfine grained access rights according to SQL-standard

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More resources
Apache DrillGoogle Cloud SpannerH2HeroicMicrosoft Azure SQL Database infoformerly SQL Azure
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