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DBMS > Apache Drill vs. FoundationDB vs. Google Cloud Bigtable vs. Linter vs. PostgreSQL

System Properties Comparison Apache Drill vs. FoundationDB vs. Google Cloud Bigtable vs. Linter vs. PostgreSQL

Editorial information provided by DB-Engines
NameApache Drill  Xexclude from comparisonFoundationDB  Xexclude from comparisonGoogle Cloud Bigtable  Xexclude from comparisonLinter  Xexclude from comparisonPostgreSQL  Xexclude from comparison
Created as commercial project in 2013, FoundationDB has been acquired by Apple in March 2015 and was withdrawn from the market. As a consequence, the product was removed from the DB-Engines ranking. In April 2018, Apple open-sourced FoundationDB and it therefore reappears in the ranking.
DescriptionSchema-free SQL Query Engine for Hadoop, NoSQL and Cloud StorageOrdered key-value store. Core features are complimented by layers.Google's NoSQL Big Data database service. It's the same database that powers many core Google services, including Search, Analytics, Maps, and Gmail.RDBMS for high security requirementsWidely used open source RDBMS infoDeveloped as objectoriented DBMS (Postgres), gradually enhanced with 'standards' like SQL
Primary database modelDocument store
Relational DBMS
Document store infosupported via specific layer
Key-value store
Relational DBMS infosupported via specific SQL-layer
Key-value store
Wide column store
Relational DBMSRelational DBMS infowith object oriented extensions, e.g.: user defined types/functions and inheritance. Handling of key/value pairs with hstore module.
Secondary database modelsSpatial DBMSDocument store
Graph DBMS infowith Apache Age
Spatial DBMS
Vector DBMS infowith pgvector extension
DB-Engines Ranking infomeasures the popularity of database management systemsranking trend
Trend Chart
Score2.02
Rank#124  Overall
#22  Document stores
#59  Relational DBMS
Score1.06
Rank#185  Overall
#31  Document stores
#28  Key-value stores
#85  Relational DBMS
Score3.15
Rank#95  Overall
#14  Key-value stores
#8  Wide column stores
Score0.12
Rank#350  Overall
#152  Relational DBMS
Score636.25
Rank#4  Overall
#4  Relational DBMS
Websitedrill.apache.orggithub.com/­apple/­foundationdbcloud.google.com/­bigtablelinter.ruwww.postgresql.org
Technical documentationdrill.apache.org/­docsapple.github.io/­foundationdbcloud.google.com/­bigtable/­docswww.postgresql.org/­docs
DeveloperApache Software FoundationFoundationDBGooglerelex.ruPostgreSQL Global Development Group infowww.postgresql.org/­developer
Initial release20122013201519901989 info1989: Postgres, 1996: PostgreSQL
Current release1.20.3, January 20236.2.28, November 202016.3, May 2024
License infoCommercial or Open SourceOpen Source infoApache Version 2Open Source infoApache 2.0commercialcommercialOpen Source infoBSD
Cloud-based only infoOnly available as a cloud servicenonoyesnono
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Implementation languageC++C and C++C
Server operating systemsLinux
OS X
Windows
Linux
OS X
Windows
hostedAIX
Android
BSD
HP Open VMS
iOS
Linux
OS X
VxWorks
Windows
FreeBSD
HP-UX
Linux
NetBSD
OpenBSD
OS X
Solaris
Unix
Windows
Data schemeschema-freeschema-free infosome layers support schemasschema-freeyesyes
Typing infopredefined data types such as float or dateyesno infosome layers support typingnoyesyes
XML support infoSome form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.nononoyes infospecific XML-type available, but no XML query functionality.
Secondary indexesnononoyesyes
SQL infoSupport of SQLSQL SELECT statement is SQL:2003 compliantsupported in specific SQL layer onlynoyesyes infostandard with numerous extensions
APIs and other access methodsJDBC
ODBC
RESTful HTTP API
gRPC (using protocol buffers) API
HappyBase (Python library)
HBase compatible API (Java)
ADO.NET
JDBC
LINQ
ODBC
OLE DB
Oracle Call Interface (OCI)
ADO.NET
JDBC
native C library
ODBC
streaming API for large objects
Supported programming languagesC++.Net
C
C++
Go
Java
JavaScript infoNode.js
PHP
Python
Ruby
Swift
C#
C++
Go
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
Python
C
C#
C++
Java
Perl
PHP
Python
Qt
Ruby
Tcl
.Net
C
C++
Delphi
Java infoJDBC
JavaScript (Node.js)
Perl
PHP
Python
Tcl
Server-side scripts infoStored proceduresuser defined functionsin SQL-layer onlynoyes infoproprietary syntax with the possibility to convert from PL/SQLuser defined functions inforealized in proprietary language PL/pgSQL or with common languages like Perl, Python, Tcl etc.
Triggersnononoyesyes
Partitioning methods infoMethods for storing different data on different nodesShardingShardingShardingnonepartitioning by range, list and (since PostgreSQL 11) by hash
Replication methods infoMethods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodesyesInternal replication in Colossus, and regional replication between two clusters in different zonesSource-replica replicationSource-replica replication infoother methods possible by using 3rd party extensions
MapReduce infoOffers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methodsyesnoyesnono
Consistency concepts infoMethods to ensure consistency in a distributed systemnoneLinearizable consistencyImmediate consistency (for a single cluster), Eventual consistency (for two or more replicated clusters)Immediate ConsistencyImmediate Consistency
Foreign keys infoReferential integritynoin SQL-layer onlynoyesyes
Transaction concepts infoSupport to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of datanoACIDAtomic single-row operationsACIDACID
Concurrency infoSupport for concurrent manipulation of datayesyesyesyesyes
Durability infoSupport for making data persistentDepending on the underlying data sourceyesyesyesyes
In-memory capabilities infoIs there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.Depending on the underlying data sourcenono
User concepts infoAccess controlDepending on the underlying data sourcenoAccess rights for users, groups and roles based on Google Cloud Identity and Access Management (IAM)fine grained access rights according to SQL-standardfine grained access rights according to SQL-standard

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More resources
Apache DrillFoundationDBGoogle Cloud BigtableLinterPostgreSQL
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