DBMS > Apache Drill vs. CouchDB vs. Microsoft Azure Cosmos DB vs. OrientDB vs. RavenDB

System Properties Comparison Apache Drill vs. CouchDB vs. Microsoft Azure Cosmos DB vs. OrientDB vs. RavenDB

Editorial information provided by DB-Engines

Name

Description

Schema-free SQL Query Engine for Hadoop, NoSQL and Cloud Storage

A native JSON - document store inspired by Lotus Notes, scalable from globally distributed server-clusters down to mobile phones.

Globally distributed, horizontally scalable, multi-model database service

Multi-model DBMS (Document, Graph, Key/Value)

Open Source Operational and Transactional Enterprise NoSQL Document Database

Primary database model

Document store
Relational DBMS

Document store

Document store
Graph DBMS
Key-value store
Wide column store

Document store
Graph DBMS
Key-value store

Document store

Secondary database models

Spatial DBMS

using the Geocouch extension

Spatial DBMS

Graph DBMS
Spatial DBMS
Time Series DBMS

DB-Engines Ranking measures the popularity of database management systems
Trend Chart

Score	1.95
Rank	#127	Overall
	#23	Document stores
	#60	Relational DBMS

Score	9.30
Rank	#45	Overall
	#7	Document stores

Score	29.04
Rank	#27	Overall
	#4	Document stores
	#2	Graph DBMS
	#3	Key-value stores
	#3	Wide column stores

Score	3.19
Rank	#93	Overall
	#16	Document stores
	#7	Graph DBMS
	#14	Key-value stores

Score	2.92
Rank	#101	Overall
	#18	Document stores

Website

drill.apache.org

couchdb.apache.org

azure.microsoft.com/services/cosmos-db

orientdb.org

ravendb.net

Technical documentation

drill.apache.org/docs

docs.couchdb.org/en/stable

learn.microsoft.com/azure/cosmos-db

www.orientdb.com/docs/last/index.html

ravendb.net/docs

Developer

Apache Software Foundation

Apache top-level project, originally developed by Damien Katz, a former Lotus Notes developer

Microsoft

OrientDB LTD; CallidusCloud; SAP

Hibernating Rhinos

Initial release

2012

2005

2014

2010

Current release

1.20.3, January 2023

3.3.3, December 2023

3.2.29, March 2024

5.4, July 2022

License

Commercial or Open Source

Open Source

Apache Version 2

Open Source

Apache version 2

commercial

Open Source

Apache version 2

Open Source

AGPL version 3, commercial license available

Cloud-based only

Only available as a cloud service

yes

DBaaS offerings (sponsored links)

Database as a Service

Providers of DBaaS offerings, please contact us to be listed.

Implementation language

Erlang

Java

Server operating systems

Linux
OS X
Windows

Android
BSD
Linux
OS X
Solaris
Windows

hosted

All OS with a Java JDK (>= JDK 6)

Linux
macOS
Raspberry Pi
Windows

Data scheme

schema-free

Schema can be enforced for whole record ("schema-full") or for some fields only ("schema-hybrid")

schema-free

Typing

predefined data types such as float or date

yes

JSON types

yes

XML support

Some form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.

Secondary indexes

yes

via views

yes

All properties auto-indexed by default

yes

SQL

Support of SQL

SQL SELECT statement is SQL:2003 compliant

SQL-like query language

SQL-like query language, no joins

SQL-like query language (RQL)

APIs and other access methods

JDBC
ODBC
RESTful HTTP API

RESTful HTTP/JSON API

DocumentDB API
Graph API (Gremlin)
MongoDB API
RESTful HTTP API
Table API

Tinkerpop technology stack with Blueprints, Gremlin, Pipes
Java API
RESTful HTTP/JSON API

.NET Client API
F# Client API
Go Client API
Java Client API
NodeJS Client API
PHP Client API
Python Client API
RESTful HTTP API

Supported programming languages

C++

C
C#
ColdFusion
Erlang
Haskell
Java
JavaScript
Lisp
Lua
Objective-C
OCaml
Perl
PHP
PL/SQL
Python
Ruby
Smalltalk

.Net
C#
Java
JavaScript
JavaScript (Node.js)
MongoDB client drivers written for various programming languages
Python

.Net
C
C#
C++
Clojure
Java
JavaScript
JavaScript (Node.js)
PHP
Python
Ruby
Scala

.Net
C#
F#
Go
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
PHP
Python
Ruby

Server-side scripts

Stored procedures

user defined functions

View functions in JavaScript

JavaScript

Java, Javascript

yes

Triggers

yes

JavaScript

Hooks

yes

Partitioning methods

Methods for storing different data on different nodes

Sharding

improved architecture with release 2.0

Sharding

Implicit feature of the cloud service

Sharding

Replication methods

Methods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodes

Multi-source replication
Source-replica replication

yes

Implicit feature of the cloud service

Multi-source replication

MapReduce

Offers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methods

yes

with Hadoop integration

Integration with Hadoop/HDInsight on Azure*

could be achieved with distributed queries

yes

Consistency concepts

Methods to ensure consistency in a distributed system

none

Eventual Consistency

Bounded Staleness
Consistent Prefix
Eventual Consistency
Immediate Consistency

Consistency level configurable on request level
Session Consistency

Default ACID transactions on the local node (eventually consistent across the cluster). Atomic operations with cluster-wide ACID transactions. Eventual consistency for indexes and full-text search indexes.

Foreign keys

Referential integrity

yes

relationship in graphs

Transaction concepts

Support to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of data

atomic operations within a single document possible

Multi-item ACID transactions with snapshot isolation within a partition

ACID

ACID, Cluster-wide transaction available

Concurrency

Support for concurrent manipulation of data

yes

strategy: optimistic locking

yes

Durability

Support for making data persistent

Depending on the underlying data source

yes

In-memory capabilities

Is there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.

Depending on the underlying data source

User concepts

Access control

Depending on the underlying data source

Access rights for users can be defined per database

Access rights can be defined down to the item level

Access rights for users and roles; record level security configurable

Authorization levels configured per client per database

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