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DBMS > Apache Drill vs. Citus vs. FoundationDB vs. Titan

System Properties Comparison Apache Drill vs. Citus vs. FoundationDB vs. Titan

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Editorial information provided by DB-Engines
NameApache Drill  Xexclude from comparisonCitus  Xexclude from comparisonFoundationDB  Xexclude from comparisonTitan  Xexclude from comparison
Created as commercial project in 2013, FoundationDB has been acquired by Apple in March 2015 and was withdrawn from the market. As a consequence, the product was removed from the DB-Engines ranking. In April 2018, Apple open-sourced FoundationDB and it therefore reappears in the ranking.Titan has been decommisioned after the takeover by Datastax. It will be removed from the DB-Engines ranking. A fork has been open-sourced as JanusGraph.
DescriptionSchema-free SQL Query Engine for Hadoop, NoSQL and Cloud StorageScalable hybrid operational and analytics RDBMS for big data use cases based on PostgreSQLOrdered key-value store. Core features are complimented by layers.Titan is a Graph DBMS optimized for distributed clusters.
Primary database modelDocument store
Relational DBMS
Relational DBMSDocument store infosupported via specific layer
Key-value store
Relational DBMS infosupported via specific SQL-layer
Graph DBMS
Secondary database modelsDocument store
DB-Engines Ranking infomeasures the popularity of database management systemsranking trend
Trend Chart
Score2.02
Rank#124  Overall
#22  Document stores
#59  Relational DBMS
Score2.15
Rank#117  Overall
#56  Relational DBMS
Score1.06
Rank#185  Overall
#31  Document stores
#28  Key-value stores
#85  Relational DBMS
Websitedrill.apache.orgwww.citusdata.comgithub.com/­apple/­foundationdbgithub.com/­thinkaurelius/­titan
Technical documentationdrill.apache.org/­docsdocs.citusdata.comapple.github.io/­foundationdbgithub.com/­thinkaurelius/­titan/­wiki
DeveloperApache Software FoundationFoundationDBAurelius, owned by DataStax
Initial release2012201020132012
Current release1.20.3, January 20238.1, December 20186.2.28, November 2020
License infoCommercial or Open SourceOpen Source infoApache Version 2Open Source infoAGPL, commercial license also availableOpen Source infoApache 2.0Open Source infoApache license, version 2.0
Cloud-based only infoOnly available as a cloud servicenononono
DBaaS offerings (sponsored links) infoDatabase as a Service

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Implementation languageCC++Java
Server operating systemsLinux
OS X
Windows
LinuxLinux
OS X
Windows
Linux
OS X
Unix
Windows
Data schemeschema-freeyesschema-free infosome layers support schemasyes
Typing infopredefined data types such as float or dateyesyesno infosome layers support typingyes
XML support infoSome form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.noyes infospecific XML type available, but no XML query functionality
Secondary indexesnoyesnoyes
SQL infoSupport of SQLSQL SELECT statement is SQL:2003 compliantyes infostandard, with numerous extensionssupported in specific SQL layer onlyno
APIs and other access methodsJDBC
ODBC
RESTful HTTP API
ADO.NET
JDBC
native C library
ODBC
streaming API for large objects
Java API
TinkerPop Blueprints
TinkerPop Frames
TinkerPop Gremlin
TinkerPop Rexster
Supported programming languagesC++.Net
C
C++
Delphi
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
Perl
PHP
Python
Tcl
.Net
C
C++
Go
Java
JavaScript infoNode.js
PHP
Python
Ruby
Swift
Clojure
Java
Python
Server-side scripts infoStored proceduresuser defined functionsuser defined functions inforealized in proprietary language PL/pgSQL or with common languages like Perl, Python, Tcl etc.in SQL-layer onlyyes
Triggersnoyesnoyes
Partitioning methods infoMethods for storing different data on different nodesShardingShardingShardingyes infovia pluggable storage backends
Replication methods infoMethods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodesSource-replica replication infoother methods possible by using 3rd party extensionsyesyes
MapReduce infoOffers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methodsyesnonoyes infovia Faunus, a graph analytics engine
Consistency concepts infoMethods to ensure consistency in a distributed systemnoneImmediate ConsistencyLinearizable consistencyEventual Consistency
Immediate Consistency
Foreign keys infoReferential integritynoyesin SQL-layer onlyyes infoRelationships in graph
Transaction concepts infoSupport to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of datanoACIDACIDACID
Concurrency infoSupport for concurrent manipulation of datayesyesyesyes
Durability infoSupport for making data persistentDepending on the underlying data sourceyesyesyes infoSupports various storage backends: Cassandra, HBase, Berkeley DB, Akiban, Hazelcast
In-memory capabilities infoIs there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.Depending on the underlying data sourceno
User concepts infoAccess controlDepending on the underlying data sourcefine grained access rights according to SQL-standardnoUser authentification and security via Rexster Graph Server

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More resources
Apache DrillCitusFoundationDBTitan
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