DBMS > Apache Drill vs. BigObject vs. Citus vs. Ingres vs. Oracle

System Properties Comparison Apache Drill vs. BigObject vs. Citus vs. Ingres vs. Oracle

Editorial information provided by DB-Engines

Name

Description

Schema-free SQL Query Engine for Hadoop, NoSQL and Cloud Storage

Analytic DBMS for real-time computations and queries

Scalable hybrid operational and analytics RDBMS for big data use cases based on PostgreSQL

Well established RDBMS

Widely used RDBMS

Primary database model

Document store
Relational DBMS

Relational DBMS

a hierachical model (tree) can be imposed

Relational DBMS

Secondary database models

Document store

Document store
Graph DBMS

with Oracle Spatial and Graph
RDF store

with Oracle Spatial and Graph
Spatial DBMS

with Oracle Spatial and Graph
Vector DBMS

since Oracle 23

DB-Engines Ranking measures the popularity of database management systems
Trend Chart

Score	1.95
Rank	#127	Overall
	#23	Document stores
	#60	Relational DBMS

Score	0.13
Rank	#333	Overall
	#147	Relational DBMS

Score	2.21
Rank	#118	Overall
	#56	Relational DBMS

Score	4.11
Rank	#81	Overall
	#44	Relational DBMS

Score	1236.29
Rank	#1	Overall
	#1	Relational DBMS

Website

drill.apache.org

bigobject.io

www.citusdata.com

www.actian.com/databases/ingres

www.oracle.com/database

Technical documentation

drill.apache.org/docs

docs.bigobject.io

docs.citusdata.com

docs.actian.com/ingres

docs.oracle.com/en/database

Developer

Apache Software Foundation

BigObject, Inc.

Actian Corporation

Oracle

Initial release

2012

2015

2010

1974

originally developed at University Berkely in early 1970s

1980

Current release

1.20.3, January 2023

8.1, December 2018

11.2, May 2022

23c, September 2023

License

Commercial or Open Source

Open Source

Apache Version 2

commercial

free community edition available

Open Source

AGPL, commercial license also available

commercial

restricted free version is available

Cloud-based only

Only available as a cloud service

DBaaS offerings (sponsored links)

Database as a Service

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Implementation language

C and C++

Server operating systems

Linux
OS X
Windows

Linux

distributed as a docker-image
OS X

distributed as a docker-image (boot2docker)
Windows

distributed as a docker-image (boot2docker)

Linux

AIX
HP Open VMS
HP-UX
Linux
Solaris
Windows

AIX
HP-UX
Linux
OS X
Solaris
Windows
z/OS

Data scheme

schema-free

yes

Schemaless in JSON and XML columns

Typing

predefined data types such as float or date

yes

XML support

Some form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.

yes

specific XML type available, but no XML query functionality

but tools for importing/exporting data from/to XML-files available

yes

Secondary indexes

yes

SQL

Support of SQL

SQL SELECT statement is SQL:2003 compliant

SQL-like DML and DDL statements

yes

standard, with numerous extensions

yes

with proprietary extensions

APIs and other access methods

JDBC
ODBC
RESTful HTTP API

fluentd
ODBC
RESTful HTTP API

ADO.NET
JDBC
native C library
ODBC
streaming API for large objects

.NET Client API
JDBC
ODBC
proprietary protocol (OpenAPI)

JDBC
ODBC
ODP.NET
Oracle Call Interface (OCI)

Supported programming languages

C++

.Net
C
C++
Delphi
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
Perl
PHP
Python
Tcl

C
C#
C++
Clojure
Cobol
Delphi
Eiffel
Erlang
Fortran
Groovy
Haskell
Java
JavaScript
Lisp
Objective C
OCaml
Perl
PHP
Python
R
Ruby
Scala
Tcl
Visual Basic

Server-side scripts

Stored procedures

user defined functions

Lua

user defined functions

realized in proprietary language PL/pgSQL or with common languages like Perl, Python, Tcl etc.

yes

PL/SQL

also stored procedures in Java possible

Triggers

yes

Partitioning methods

Methods for storing different data on different nodes

Sharding

none

Sharding

horizontal partitioning

Ingres Star to access multiple databases simultaneously

Sharding, horizontal partitioning

Replication methods

Methods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodes

none

Source-replica replication

other methods possible by using 3rd party extensions

Ingres Replicator

Multi-source replication
Source-replica replication

MapReduce

Offers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methods

yes

can be realized in PL/SQL

Consistency concepts

Methods to ensure consistency in a distributed system

none

Immediate Consistency

Foreign keys

Referential integrity

yes

automatically between fact table and dimension tables

yes

Transaction concepts

Support to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of data

ACID

isolation level can be parameterized

Concurrency

Support for concurrent manipulation of data

yes

Read/write lock on objects (tables, trees)

yes

MVCC

yes

Durability

Support for making data persistent

Depending on the underlying data source

yes

In-memory capabilities

Is there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.

Depending on the underlying data source

yes

Version 12c introduced the new option 'Oracle Database In-Memory'

User concepts

Access control

Depending on the underlying data source

fine grained access rights according to SQL-standard

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