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DBMS > Apache Drill vs. Apache Phoenix vs. FoundationDB vs. QuestDB vs. Virtuoso

System Properties Comparison Apache Drill vs. Apache Phoenix vs. FoundationDB vs. QuestDB vs. Virtuoso

Editorial information provided by DB-Engines
NameApache Drill  Xexclude from comparisonApache Phoenix  Xexclude from comparisonFoundationDB  Xexclude from comparisonQuestDB  Xexclude from comparisonVirtuoso  Xexclude from comparison
Created as commercial project in 2013, FoundationDB has been acquired by Apple in March 2015 and was withdrawn from the market. As a consequence, the product was removed from the DB-Engines ranking. In April 2018, Apple open-sourced FoundationDB and it therefore reappears in the ranking.
DescriptionSchema-free SQL Query Engine for Hadoop, NoSQL and Cloud StorageA scale-out RDBMS with evolutionary schema built on Apache HBaseOrdered key-value store. Core features are complimented by layers.A high performance open source SQL database for time series dataVirtuoso is a multi-model hybrid-RDBMS that supports management of data represented as relational tables and/or property graphs
Primary database modelDocument store
Relational DBMS
Relational DBMSDocument store infosupported via specific layer
Key-value store
Relational DBMS infosupported via specific SQL-layer
Time Series DBMSDocument store
Graph DBMS
Native XML DBMS
Relational DBMS
RDF store
Search engine
Secondary database modelsRelational DBMSSpatial DBMS
DB-Engines Ranking infomeasures the popularity of database management systemsranking trend
Trend Chart
Score1.90
Rank#126  Overall
#23  Document stores
#60  Relational DBMS
Score1.90
Rank#125  Overall
#59  Relational DBMS
Score0.97
Rank#191  Overall
#32  Document stores
#28  Key-value stores
#87  Relational DBMS
Score2.81
Rank#98  Overall
#7  Time Series DBMS
Score3.99
Rank#75  Overall
#13  Document stores
#4  Graph DBMS
#2  Native XML DBMS
#40  Relational DBMS
#2  RDF stores
#9  Search engines
Websitedrill.apache.orgphoenix.apache.orggithub.com/­apple/­foundationdbquestdb.iovirtuoso.openlinksw.com
Technical documentationdrill.apache.org/­docsphoenix.apache.orgapple.github.io/­foundationdbquestdb.io/­docsdocs.openlinksw.com/­virtuoso
DeveloperApache Software FoundationApache Software FoundationFoundationDBQuestDB Technology IncOpenLink Software
Initial release20122014201320141998
Current release1.20.3, January 20235.0-HBase2, July 2018 and 4.15-HBase1, December 20196.2.28, November 20207.2.11, September 2023
License infoCommercial or Open SourceOpen Source infoApache Version 2Open Source infoApache Version 2.0Open Source infoApache 2.0Open Source infoApache 2.0Open Source infoGPLv2, extended commercial license available
Cloud-based only infoOnly available as a cloud servicenonononono
DBaaS offerings (sponsored links) infoDatabase as a Service

Providers of DBaaS offerings, please contact us to be listed.
Implementation languageJavaC++Java (Zero-GC), C++, RustC
Server operating systemsLinux
OS X
Windows
Linux
Unix
Windows
Linux
OS X
Windows
Linux
macOS
Windows
AIX
FreeBSD
HP-UX
Linux
OS X
Solaris
Windows
Data schemeschema-freeyes infolate-bound, schema-on-read capabilitiesschema-free infosome layers support schemasyes infoschema-free via InfluxDB Line Protocolyes infoSQL - Standard relational schema
RDF - Quad (S, P, O, G) or Triple (S, P, O)
XML - DTD, XML Schema
DAV - freeform filesystem objects, plus User Defined Types a/k/a Dynamic Extension Type
Typing infopredefined data types such as float or dateyesyesno infosome layers support typingyesyes
XML support infoSome form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.nononoyes
Secondary indexesnoyesnonoyes
SQL infoSupport of SQLSQL SELECT statement is SQL:2003 compliantyessupported in specific SQL layer onlySQL with time-series extensionsyes infoSQL-92, SQL-200x, SQL-3, SQLX
APIs and other access methodsJDBC
ODBC
RESTful HTTP API
JDBCHTTP REST
InfluxDB Line Protocol (TCP/UDP)
JDBC
PostgreSQL wire protocol
ADO.NET
GeoSPARQL
HTTP API
JDBC
Jena RDF API
ODBC
OLE DB
RDF4J API
RESTful HTTP API
Sesame REST HTTP Protocol
SOAP webservices
SPARQL 1.1
WebDAV
XPath
XQuery
XSLT
Supported programming languagesC++C
C#
C++
Go
Groovy
Java
PHP
Python
Scala
.Net
C
C++
Go
Java
JavaScript infoNode.js
PHP
Python
Ruby
Swift
C infoPostgreSQL driver
C++
Go
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
Python
Rust infoover HTTP
.Net
C
C#
C++
Java
JavaScript
Perl
PHP
Python
Ruby
Visual Basic
Server-side scripts infoStored proceduresuser defined functionsuser defined functionsin SQL-layer onlynoyes infoVirtuoso PL
Triggersnonononoyes
Partitioning methods infoMethods for storing different data on different nodesShardingShardingShardinghorizontal partitioning (by timestamps)yes
Replication methods infoMethods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodesMulti-source replication
Source-replica replication
yesSource-replica replication with eventual consistencyChain, star, and bi-directional replication
Multi-source replication
Source-replica replication
MapReduce infoOffers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methodsyesHadoop integrationnonoyes
Consistency concepts infoMethods to ensure consistency in a distributed systemnoneImmediate Consistency or Eventual ConsistencyLinearizable consistencyImmediate ConsistencyImmediate Consistency
Foreign keys infoReferential integritynonoin SQL-layer onlynoyes
Transaction concepts infoSupport to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of datanoACIDACIDACID for single-table writesACID
Concurrency infoSupport for concurrent manipulation of datayesyesyesyesyes
Durability infoSupport for making data persistentDepending on the underlying data sourceyesyesyesyes
In-memory capabilities infoIs there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.Depending on the underlying data sourceyesyes infothrough memory mapped filesyes
User concepts infoAccess controlDepending on the underlying data sourceAccess Control Lists (using HBase ACL) for RBAC, integration with Apache Ranger for RBAC & ABAC, multi-tenancynoFine-grained Attribute-Based Access Control (ABAC) in addition to typical coarse-grained Role-Based Access Control (RBAC) according to SQL-standard. Pluggable authentication with supported standards (LDAP, Active Directory, Kerberos)
More information provided by the system vendor
Apache DrillApache PhoenixFoundationDBQuestDBVirtuoso
Specific characteristicsVirtuoso is a modern multi-model RDBMS for managing data represented as tabular relations...
» more
Competitive advantagesPerformance & Scale — as exemplified by DBpedia and the LOD Cloud it spawned, i.e.,...
» more
Typical application scenariosUsed for — Analytics/BI Conceptual Data Virtualization Enterprise Knowledge Graphs...
» more
Key customersBroad use across enterprises and governments including — European Union (EU) US Government...
» more
Market metricsLargest installed-base ​of Multi-Model RDBMS for AI-friendly Knowledge Graphs Platform...
» more
Licensing and pricing modelsAvailable in both Commercial Enterprise and Open Source (GPL v2) Editions Feature...
» more
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