DBMS > Apache Doris vs. DuckDB vs. NuoDB vs. Oracle vs. XTDB

System Properties Comparison Apache Doris vs. DuckDB vs. NuoDB vs. Oracle vs. XTDB

Editorial information provided by DB-Engines

Name

Description

An MPP-based analytics DBMS embracing the MySQL protocol

An embeddable, in-process, column-oriented SQL OLAP RDBMS

NuoDB is a webscale distributed database that supports SQL and ACID transactions

Widely used RDBMS

A general purpose database with bitemporal SQL and Datalog and graph queries

Primary database model

Relational DBMS

Document store

Secondary database models

Document store
Graph DBMS

with Oracle Spatial and Graph
RDF store

with Oracle Spatial and Graph
Spatial DBMS

with Oracle Spatial and Graph
Vector DBMS

since Oracle 23

DB-Engines Ranking measures the popularity of database management systems
Trend Chart

Score	0.57
Rank	#244	Overall
	#113	Relational DBMS

Score	4.57
Rank	#74	Overall
	#40	Relational DBMS

Score	0.89
Rank	#198	Overall
	#92	Relational DBMS

Score	1236.29
Rank	#1	Overall
	#1	Relational DBMS

Score	0.11
Rank	#343	Overall
	#46	Document stores

Website

doris.apache.org
github.com/apache/doris

duckdb.org

www.3ds.com/nuodb-distributed-sql-database

www.oracle.com/database

github.com/xtdb/xtdb
www.xtdb.com

Technical documentation

github.com/apache/doris/wiki

duckdb.org/docs

doc.nuodb.com

docs.oracle.com/en/database

www.xtdb.com/docs

Developer

Apache Software Foundation, originally contributed from Baidu

Dassault Systèmes

originally NuoDB, Inc.

Oracle

Juxt Ltd.

Initial release

2017

2018

2013

1980

2019

Current release

1.2.2, February 2023

0.10, February 2024

23c, September 2023

1.19, September 2021

License

Commercial or Open Source

Open Source

Apache Version 2.0

Open Source

MIT License

commercial

limited edition free

commercial

restricted free version is available

Open Source

MIT License

Cloud-based only

Only available as a cloud service

DBaaS offerings (sponsored links)

Database as a Service

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Implementation language

Java

C++

C and C++

Clojure

Server operating systems

Linux

server-less

hosted

Amazon EC2, Windows Azure, SoftLayer
Linux
OS X
Windows

AIX
HP-UX
Linux
OS X
Solaris
Windows
z/OS

All OS with a Java 8 (and higher) VM
Linux

Data scheme

yes

Schemaless in JSON and XML columns

schema-free

Typing

predefined data types such as float or date

yes

yes, extensible-data-notation format

XML support

Some form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.

yes

Secondary indexes

yes

SQL

Support of SQL

yes

with proprietary extensions

limited SQL, making use of Apache Calcite

APIs and other access methods

JDBC
MySQL client

Arrow Database Connectivity (ADBC)
CLI Client
JDBC
ODBC

ADO.NET
JDBC
ODBC

JDBC
ODBC
ODP.NET
Oracle Call Interface (OCI)

HTTP REST
JDBC

Supported programming languages

Java

C
C#

3rd party driver
C++
Crystal

3rd party driver
Go

3rd party driver
Java
Lisp

3rd party driver
Python
R
Ruby

3rd party driver
Rust
Swift
Zig

3rd party driver

.Net
C
C++
Go
Java
JavaScript
JavaScript (Node.js)
PHP
Python
Ruby

C
C#
C++
Clojure
Cobol
Delphi
Eiffel
Erlang
Fortran
Groovy
Haskell
Java
JavaScript
Lisp
Objective C
OCaml
Perl
PHP
Python
R
Ruby
Scala
Tcl
Visual Basic

Clojure
Java

Server-side scripts

Stored procedures

user defined functions

Java, SQL

PL/SQL

also stored procedures in Java possible

Triggers

yes

Partitioning methods

Methods for storing different data on different nodes

horizontal partitioning

none

data is dynamically stored/cached on the nodes where it is read/written

Sharding, horizontal partitioning

none

Replication methods

Methods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodes

none

yes

Managed transparently by NuoDB

Multi-source replication
Source-replica replication

yes, each node contains all data

MapReduce

Offers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methods

can be realized in PL/SQL

Consistency concepts

Methods to ensure consistency in a distributed system

Immediate Consistency

Foreign keys

Referential integrity

yes

Transaction concepts

Support to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of data

ACID

tunable commit protocol

ACID

isolation level can be parameterized

ACID

Concurrency

Support for concurrent manipulation of data

yes

yes, multi-version concurrency control (MVCC)

yes

MVCC

yes

Durability

Support for making data persistent

yes

yes, flexibel persistency by using storage technologies like Apache Kafka, RocksDB or LMDB

In-memory capabilities

Is there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.

yes

Temporary table

yes

Version 12c introduced the new option 'Oracle Database In-Memory'

User concepts

Access control

fine grained access rights according to SQL-standard

Standard SQL roles/ privileges, Administrative Users

fine grained access rights according to SQL-standard

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