DBMS > Apache Doris vs. Cassandra vs. Microsoft Azure Synapse Analytics vs. TigerGraph vs. ToroDB

System Properties Comparison Apache Doris vs. Cassandra vs. Microsoft Azure Synapse Analytics vs. TigerGraph vs. ToroDB

Editorial information provided by DB-Engines

Name

ToroDB seems to be discontinued. Therefore it is excluded from the DB-Engines Ranking.

Description

An MPP-based analytics DBMS embracing the MySQL protocol

Wide-column store based on ideas of BigTable and DynamoDB

Optimized for write access

Elastic, large scale data warehouse service leveraging the broad eco-system of SQL Server

A complete, distributed, parallel graph computing platform supporting web-scale data analytics in real-time

A MongoDB-compatible JSON document store, built on top of PostgreSQL

Primary database model

Secondary database models

Vector DBMS

starting with release V5

DB-Engines Ranking measures the popularity of database management systems
Trend Chart

Score	0.57
Rank	#244	Overall
	#113	Relational DBMS

Score	101.89
Rank	#12	Overall
	#1	Wide column stores

Score	20.56
Rank	#31	Overall
	#19	Relational DBMS

Score	1.83
Rank	#139	Overall
	#13	Graph DBMS

Website

doris.apache.org
github.com/apache/doris

cassandra.apache.org

azure.microsoft.com/services/synapse-analytics

www.tigergraph.com

github.com/torodb/server

Technical documentation

github.com/apache/doris/wiki

cassandra.apache.org/doc/latest

docs.microsoft.com/azure/synapse-analytics

docs.tigergraph.com

Developer

Apache Software Foundation, originally contributed from Baidu

Apache Software Foundation

Apache top level project, originally developped by Facebook

Microsoft

8Kdata

Initial release

2017

2008

2016

2017

2016

Current release

1.2.2, February 2023

4.1.3, July 2023

License

Commercial or Open Source

Open Source

Apache Version 2.0

Open Source

Apache version 2

commercial

Open Source

AGPL-V3

Cloud-based only

Only available as a cloud service

yes

DBaaS offerings (sponsored links)

Database as a Service

Providers of DBaaS offerings, please contact us to be listed.

Astra DB: Multi-cloud DBaaS built on Apache Cassandra.

Implementation language

Java

C++

Java

Server operating systems

Linux

BSD
Linux
OS X
Windows

hosted

Linux

All OS with a Java 7 VM

Data scheme

yes

schema-free

yes

schema-free

Typing

predefined data types such as float or date

yes

string, integer, double, boolean, date, object_id

XML support

Some form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.

Secondary indexes

yes

restricted

only equality queries, not always the best performing solution

yes

SQL

Support of SQL

yes

SQL-like SELECT, DML and DDL statements (CQL)

yes

SQL-like query language (GSQL)

APIs and other access methods

JDBC
MySQL client

Proprietary protocol

CQL (Cassandra Query Language, an SQL-like language)
Thrift

ADO.NET
JDBC
ODBC

GSQL (TigerGraph Query Language)
Kafka
RESTful HTTP/JSON API

Supported programming languages

Java

C#
C++
Clojure
Erlang
Go
Haskell
Java
JavaScript

Node.js
Perl
PHP
Python
Ruby
Scala

C#
Java
PHP

C++
Java

Server-side scripts

Stored procedures

user defined functions

Transact SQL

yes

Triggers

yes

Partitioning methods

Methods for storing different data on different nodes

horizontal partitioning

Sharding

no "single point of failure"

Sharding, horizontal partitioning

Sharding

Replication methods

Methods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodes

none

selectable replication factor

Representation of geographical distribution of servers is possible

yes

Source-replica replication

MapReduce

Offers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methods

yes

Consistency concepts

Methods to ensure consistency in a distributed system

Immediate Consistency

Eventual Consistency
Immediate Consistency

can be individually decided for each write operation

Immediate Consistency

Eventual Consistency
Immediate Consistency

Foreign keys

Referential integrity

docs.microsoft.com/en-us/azure/synapse-analytics/sql-data-warehouse/sql-data-warehouse-table-constraints

yes

Relationships in graphs

Transaction concepts

Support to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of data

Atomicity and isolation are supported for single operations

ACID

Concurrency

Support for concurrent manipulation of data

yes

Durability

Support for making data persistent

yes

In-memory capabilities

Is there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.

User concepts

Access control

fine grained access rights according to SQL-standard

Access rights for users can be defined per object

yes

Role-based access control

Access rights for users and roles

More information provided by the system vendor

Specific characteristics

Apache Cassandra is the leading NoSQL, distributed database management system, well...
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Competitive advantages

No single point of failure ensures 100% availability . Operational simplicity for...
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Typical application scenarios

Internet of Things (IOT), fraud detection applications, recommendation engines, product...
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Key customers

Apple, Netflix, Uber, ING,, Intuit,Fidelity, NY Times, Outbrain, BazaarVoice, Best...
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Market metrics

Cassandra is used by 40% of the Fortune 100.
» more

Licensing and pricing models

Apache licenseÂ Pricing for commercial distributions provided by DataStax and available...
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