DBMS > Apache Derby vs. ArangoDB vs. PostgreSQL vs. VictoriaMetrics

System Properties Comparison Apache Derby vs. ArangoDB vs. PostgreSQL vs. VictoriaMetrics

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Editorial information provided by DB-Engines

Name

Description

Full-featured RDBMS with a small footprint, either embedded into a Java application or used as a database server.

Native multi-model DBMS for graph, document, key/value and search. All in one engine and accessible with one query language.

Widely used open source RDBMS

Developed as objectoriented DBMS (Postgres), gradually enhanced with 'standards' like SQL

A fast, cost-effective and scalable Time Series DBMS and monitoring solution

Primary database model

Relational DBMS

Document store
Graph DBMS
Key-value store
Search engine

Relational DBMS

with object oriented extensions, e.g.: user defined types/functions and inheritance. Handling of key/value pairs with hstore module.

Time Series DBMS

Secondary database models

Document store
Graph DBMS

with Apache Age
Spatial DBMS
Vector DBMS

with pgvector extension

DB-Engines Ranking measures the popularity of database management systems
Trend Chart

Score	3.04
Rank	#85	Overall
	#46	Relational DBMS

Score	2.85
Rank	#88	Overall
	#14	Document stores
	#4	Graph DBMS
	#13	Key-value stores
	#9	Search engines

Score	674.32
Rank	#4	Overall
	#4	Relational DBMS

Score	1.55
Rank	#140	Overall
	#12	Time Series DBMS

Website

Technical documentation

db.apache.org/derby/manuals/index.html

docs.arangodb.com

www.postgresql.org/docs

docs.victoriametrics.com
github.com/VictoriaMetrics/VictoriaMetrics/wiki

Developer

Apache Software Foundation

ArangoDB Inc.

PostgreSQL Global Development Group

www.postgresql.org/developer

VictoriaMetrics

Initial release

1997

2012

1989

1989: Postgres, 1996: PostgreSQL

2018

Current release

10.17.1.0, November 2023

3.11.5, November 2023

16.4, August 2024

v1.91, May 2023

License

Commercial or Open Source

Open Source

Apache version 2

Open Source

Apache Version 2; Commercial license (Enterprise) available

Open Source

BSD

Open Source

Apache Version 2.0

Cloud-based only

Only available as a cloud service

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Implementation language

Java

C++

Server operating systems

All OS with a Java VM

Linux
OS X
Windows

FreeBSD
HP-UX
Linux
NetBSD
OpenBSD
OS X
Solaris
Unix
Windows

FreeBSD
Linux
macOS
OpenBSD

Data scheme

yes

schema-free

automatically recognizes schema within a collection

yes

Typing

predefined data types such as float or date

yes

string, double, boolean, list, hash

yes

XML support

Some form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.

yes

specific XML-type available, but no XML query functionality.

Secondary indexes

yes

SQL

Support of SQL

yes

standard with numerous extensions

APIs and other access methods

JDBC

AQL
Foxx Framework
Graph API (Gremlin)
GraphQL query language
HTTP API
Java & SpringData
JSON style queries
VelocyPack/VelocyStream

ADO.NET
JDBC
native C library
ODBC
streaming API for large objects

Graphite protocol
InfluxDB Line Protocol
OpenTSDB
Prometheus Query API
Prometheus Remote Read/Write

Supported programming languages

Java

C#
C++
Clojure
Elixir
Go
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
PHP
Python
R
Rust

.Net
C
C++
Delphi
Java

JDBC
JavaScript (Node.js)
Perl
PHP
Python
Tcl

Server-side scripts

Stored procedures

Java Stored Procedures

JavaScript

user defined functions

realized in proprietary language PL/pgSQL or with common languages like Perl, Python, Tcl etc.

Triggers

yes

Partitioning methods

Methods for storing different data on different nodes

none

Sharding

since version 2.0

partitioning by range, list and (since PostgreSQL 11) by hash

Replication methods

Methods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodes

Source-replica replication

Source-replica replication with configurable replication factor

Source-replica replication

other methods possible by using 3rd party extensions

Synchronous replication

MapReduce

Offers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methods

can be done with stored procedures in JavaScript

Consistency concepts

Methods to ensure consistency in a distributed system

Immediate Consistency

Eventual Consistency

configurable per collection or per write
Immediate Consistency
OneShard (highly available, fault-tolerant deployment mode with ACID semantics)

Immediate Consistency

Eventual Consistency

Foreign keys

Referential integrity

yes

relationships in graphs

yes

Transaction concepts

Support to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of data

ACID

Concurrency

Support for concurrent manipulation of data

yes

Durability

Support for making data persistent

yes

In-memory capabilities

Is there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.

yes

User concepts

Access control

fine grained access rights according to SQL-standard

yes

fine grained access rights according to SQL-standard

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