DBMS > AnzoGraph DB vs. etcd vs. PostgreSQL vs. RethinkDB vs. RRDtool
System Properties Comparison AnzoGraph DB vs. etcd vs. PostgreSQL vs. RethinkDB vs. RRDtool
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Name | AnzoGraph DB Xexclude from comparison | etcd Xexclude from comparison | PostgreSQL Xexclude from comparison | RethinkDB Xexclude from comparison | RRDtool Xexclude from comparison | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Description | Scalable graph database built for online analytics and data harmonization with MPP scaling, high-performance analytical algorithms and reasoning, and virtualization | A distributed reliable key-value store | Widely used open source RDBMS Developed as objectoriented DBMS (Postgres), gradually enhanced with 'standards' like SQL | DBMS for the Web with a mechanism to push updated query results to applications in realtime. | Industry standard data logging and graphing tool for time series data. RRD is an acronym for round-robin database. The data is stored in a circular buffer, thus the system storage footprint remains constant over time. | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Primary database model | Graph DBMS RDF store | Key-value store | Relational DBMS with object oriented extensions, e.g.: user defined types/functions and inheritance. Handling of key/value pairs with hstore module. | Document store | Time Series DBMS | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Secondary database models | Document store Graph DBMS with Apache Age Spatial DBMS Vector DBMS with pgvector extension | Spatial DBMS | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
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Website | cambridgesemantics.com/anzograph | etcd.io github.com/etcd-io/etcd | www.postgresql.org | rethinkdb.com | oss.oetiker.ch/rrdtool | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Technical documentation | docs.cambridgesemantics.com/anzograph/userdoc/home.htm | etcd.io/docs github.com/etcd-io/etcd/tree/master/Documentation | www.postgresql.org/docs | rethinkdb.com/docs | oss.oetiker.ch/rrdtool/doc | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Developer | Cambridge Semantics | PostgreSQL Global Development Group www.postgresql.org/developer | The Linux Foundation since July 2017 | Tobias Oetiker | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Initial release | 2018 | 1989 1989: Postgres, 1996: PostgreSQL | 2009 | 1999 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Current release | 2.3, January 2021 | 3.4, August 2019 | 16.3, May 2024 | 2.4.1, August 2020 | 1.8.0, 2022 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
License Commercial or Open Source | commercial free trial version available | Open Source Apache Version 2.0 | Open Source BSD | Open Source Apache Version 2 | Open Source GPL V2 and FLOSS | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Cloud-based only Only available as a cloud service | no | no | no | no | no | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
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Implementation language | Go | C | C++ | C Implementations in Java (e.g. RRD4J) and C# available | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Server operating systems | Linux | FreeBSD Linux Windows experimental | FreeBSD HP-UX Linux NetBSD OpenBSD OS X Solaris Unix Windows | Linux OS X Windows | HP-UX Linux | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Data scheme | Schema-free and OWL/RDFS-schema support | schema-free | yes | schema-free | yes | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Typing predefined data types such as float or date | no | yes | yes string, binary, float, bool, date, geometry | Numeric data only | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
XML support Some form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT. | no | no | yes specific XML-type available, but no XML query functionality. | no | no Exporting into and restoring from XML files possible | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Secondary indexes | no | no | yes | yes | no | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
SQL Support of SQL | SPARQL and SPARQL* as primary query language. Cypher preview. | no | yes standard with numerous extensions | no | no | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
APIs and other access methods | Apache Mule gRPC JDBC Kafka OData access for BI tools OpenCypher RESTful HTTP API SPARQL | gRPC JSON over HTTP | ADO.NET JDBC native C library ODBC streaming API for large objects | in-process shared library Pipes | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Supported programming languages | C++ Java Python | .Net C C++ Clojure Erlang Go Haskell Java JavaScript (Node.js) Perl PHP Python R Ruby Rust Scala Tcl | .Net C C++ Delphi Java JDBC JavaScript (Node.js) Perl PHP Python Tcl | C community-supported driver C# community-supported driver C++ community-supported driver Clojure community-supported driver Dart community-supported driver Erlang community-supported driver Go community-supported driver Haskell community-supported driver Java official driver JavaScript (Node.js) official driver Lisp community-supported driver Lua community-supported driver Objective-C community-supported driver Perl community-supported driver PHP community-supported driver Python official driver Ruby official driver Scala community-supported driver | C with librrd library C# with a different implementation of RRDTool Java with a different implementation of RRDTool JavaScript (Node.js) with a different implementation of RRDTool Lua Perl PHP with a wrapper library Python Ruby | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Server-side scripts Stored procedures | user defined functions and aggregates | no | user defined functions realized in proprietary language PL/pgSQL or with common languages like Perl, Python, Tcl etc. | no | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Triggers | no | yes, watching key changes | yes | Client-side triggers through changefeeds | no | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Partitioning methods Methods for storing different data on different nodes | Automatic sharding | partitioning by range, list and (since PostgreSQL 11) by hash | Sharding range based | none | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Replication methods Methods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodes | Multi-source replication in MPP-Cluster | Using Raft consensus algorithm to ensure data replication with strong consistency among multiple replicas. | Source-replica replication other methods possible by using 3rd party extensions | Source-replica replication | none | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
MapReduce Offers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methods | Kerberos/HDFS data loading | no | no | yes | no | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Consistency concepts Methods to ensure consistency in a distributed system | Immediate Consistency in MPP-Cluster | Immediate Consistency | Immediate Consistency | Immediate Consistency | none | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Foreign keys Referential integrity | no not needed in graphs | no | yes | no | no | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Transaction concepts Support to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of data | ACID | no | ACID | Atomic single-document operations | no | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Concurrency Support for concurrent manipulation of data | yes | yes | yes | yes MVCC based | yes by using the rrdcached daemon | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Durability Support for making data persistent | yes | yes | yes | yes | yes | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
In-memory capabilities Is there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only. | yes | no | no | no | yes | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
User concepts Access control | Access rights for users and roles | no | fine grained access rights according to SQL-standard | yes users and table-level permissions | no | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
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AnzoGraph DB | etcd | PostgreSQL | RethinkDB | RRDtool | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
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