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DBMS > Amazon Redshift vs. PostgreSQL vs. RRDtool vs. XTDB

System Properties Comparison Amazon Redshift vs. PostgreSQL vs. RRDtool vs. XTDB

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Editorial information provided by DB-Engines
NameAmazon Redshift  Xexclude from comparisonPostgreSQL  Xexclude from comparisonRRDtool  Xexclude from comparisonXTDB infoformerly named Crux  Xexclude from comparison
DescriptionLarge scale data warehouse service for use with business intelligence toolsWidely used open source RDBMS infoDeveloped as objectoriented DBMS (Postgres), gradually enhanced with 'standards' like SQLIndustry standard data logging and graphing tool for time series data. RRD is an acronym for round-robin database. infoThe data is stored in a circular buffer, thus the system storage footprint remains constant over time.A general purpose database with bitemporal SQL and Datalog and graph queries
Primary database modelRelational DBMSRelational DBMS infowith object oriented extensions, e.g.: user defined types/functions and inheritance. Handling of key/value pairs with hstore module.Time Series DBMSDocument store
Secondary database modelsDocument store
Graph DBMS infowith Apache Age
Spatial DBMS
Vector DBMS infowith pgvector extension
DB-Engines Ranking infomeasures the popularity of database management systemsranking trend
Trend Chart
Score16.88
Rank#35  Overall
#22  Relational DBMS
Score636.25
Rank#4  Overall
#4  Relational DBMS
Score1.90
Rank#132  Overall
#11  Time Series DBMS
Score0.18
Rank#332  Overall
#46  Document stores
Websiteaws.amazon.com/­redshiftwww.postgresql.orgoss.oetiker.ch/­rrdtoolgithub.com/­xtdb/­xtdb
www.xtdb.com
Technical documentationdocs.aws.amazon.com/­redshiftwww.postgresql.org/­docsoss.oetiker.ch/­rrdtool/­docwww.xtdb.com/­docs
DeveloperAmazon (based on PostgreSQL)PostgreSQL Global Development Group infowww.postgresql.org/­developerTobias OetikerJuxt Ltd.
Initial release20121989 info1989: Postgres, 1996: PostgreSQL19992019
Current release16.3, May 20241.8.0, 20221.19, September 2021
License infoCommercial or Open SourcecommercialOpen Source infoBSDOpen Source infoGPL V2 and FLOSSOpen Source infoMIT License
Cloud-based only infoOnly available as a cloud serviceyesnonono
DBaaS offerings (sponsored links) infoDatabase as a Service

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Implementation languageCCC infoImplementations in Java (e.g. RRD4J) and C# availableClojure
Server operating systemshostedFreeBSD
HP-UX
Linux
NetBSD
OpenBSD
OS X
Solaris
Unix
Windows
HP-UX
Linux
All OS with a Java 8 (and higher) VM
Linux
Data schemeyesyesyesschema-free
Typing infopredefined data types such as float or dateyesyesNumeric data onlyyes, extensible-data-notation format
XML support infoSome form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.noyes infospecific XML-type available, but no XML query functionality.no infoExporting into and restoring from XML files possibleno
Secondary indexesrestrictedyesnoyes
SQL infoSupport of SQLyes infodoes not fully support an SQL-standardyes infostandard with numerous extensionsnolimited SQL, making use of Apache Calcite
APIs and other access methodsJDBC
ODBC
ADO.NET
JDBC
native C library
ODBC
streaming API for large objects
in-process shared library
Pipes
HTTP REST
JDBC
Supported programming languagesAll languages supporting JDBC/ODBC.Net
C
C++
Delphi
Java infoJDBC
JavaScript (Node.js)
Perl
PHP
Python
Tcl
C infowith librrd library
C# infowith a different implementation of RRDTool
Java infowith a different implementation of RRDTool
JavaScript (Node.js) infowith a different implementation of RRDTool
Lua
Perl
PHP infowith a wrapper library
Python
Ruby
Clojure
Java
Server-side scripts infoStored proceduresuser defined functions infoin Pythonuser defined functions inforealized in proprietary language PL/pgSQL or with common languages like Perl, Python, Tcl etc.nono
Triggersnoyesnono
Partitioning methods infoMethods for storing different data on different nodesShardingpartitioning by range, list and (since PostgreSQL 11) by hashnonenone
Replication methods infoMethods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodesyesSource-replica replication infoother methods possible by using 3rd party extensionsnoneyes, each node contains all data
MapReduce infoOffers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methodsnononono
Consistency concepts infoMethods to ensure consistency in a distributed systemImmediate ConsistencyImmediate Consistencynone
Foreign keys infoReferential integrityyes infoinformational only, not enforced by the systemyesnono
Transaction concepts infoSupport to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of dataACIDACIDnoACID
Concurrency infoSupport for concurrent manipulation of datayesyesyes infoby using the rrdcached daemonyes
Durability infoSupport for making data persistentyesyesyesyes, flexibel persistency by using storage technologies like Apache Kafka, RocksDB or LMDB
In-memory capabilities infoIs there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.yesnoyes
User concepts infoAccess controlfine grained access rights according to SQL-standardfine grained access rights according to SQL-standardno

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More resources
Amazon RedshiftPostgreSQLRRDtoolXTDB infoformerly named Crux
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