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DBMS > Amazon Redshift vs. Microsoft Azure Data Explorer vs. RethinkDB vs. SAP HANA

System Properties Comparison Amazon Redshift vs. Microsoft Azure Data Explorer vs. RethinkDB vs. SAP HANA

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Editorial information provided by DB-Engines
NameAmazon Redshift  Xexclude from comparisonMicrosoft Azure Data Explorer  Xexclude from comparisonRethinkDB  Xexclude from comparisonSAP HANA  Xexclude from comparison
DescriptionLarge scale data warehouse service for use with business intelligence toolsFully managed big data interactive analytics platformDBMS for the Web with a mechanism to push updated query results to applications in realtime.In-memory, column based data store. Available as appliance or cloud service
Primary database modelRelational DBMSRelational DBMS infocolumn orientedDocument storeRelational DBMS
Secondary database modelsDocument store infoIf a column is of type dynamic docs.microsoft.com/­en-us/­azure/­kusto/­query/­scalar-data-types/­dynamic then it's possible to add arbitrary JSON documents in this cell
Event Store infothis is the general usage pattern at Microsoft. Billing, Logs, Telemetry events are stored in ADX and the state of an individual entity is defined by the arg_max(timestamps)
Spatial DBMS
Search engine infosupport for complex search expressions docs.microsoft.com/­en-us/­azure/­kusto/­query/­parseoperator FTS, Geospatial docs.microsoft.com/­en-us/­azure/­kusto/­query/­geo-point-to-geohash-function distributed search -> ADX acts as a distributed search engine
Time Series DBMS infosee docs.microsoft.com/­en-us/­azure/­data-explorer/­time-series-analysis
Spatial DBMSDocument store
Graph DBMS infowith SAP Hana, Enterprise Edition
Spatial DBMS
DB-Engines Ranking infomeasures the popularity of database management systemsranking trend
Trend Chart
Score14.70
Rank#36  Overall
#22  Relational DBMS
Score3.00
Rank#86  Overall
#47  Relational DBMS
Score2.30
Rank#105  Overall
#19  Document stores
Score32.01
Rank#24  Overall
#16  Relational DBMS
Websiteaws.amazon.com/­redshiftazure.microsoft.com/­services/­data-explorerrethinkdb.comwww.sap.com/­products/­hana.html
Technical documentationdocs.aws.amazon.com/­redshiftdocs.microsoft.com/­en-us/­azure/­data-explorerrethinkdb.com/­docshelp.sap.com/­hana
DeveloperAmazon (based on PostgreSQL)MicrosoftThe Linux Foundation infosince July 2017SAP
Initial release2012201920092010
Current releasecloud service with continuous releases2.4.1, August 20202.0 SPS07 (April 4, 2023), April 2023
License infoCommercial or Open SourcecommercialcommercialOpen Source infoApache Version 2commercial
Cloud-based only infoOnly available as a cloud serviceyesyesnono infoalso available as a cloud based service
DBaaS offerings (sponsored links) infoDatabase as a Service

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Implementation languageCC++
Server operating systemshostedhostedLinux
OS X
Windows
Appliance or cloud-service
Data schemeyesFixed schema with schema-less datatypes (dynamic)schema-freeyes
Typing infopredefined data types such as float or dateyesyes infobool, datetime, dynamic, guid, int, long, real, string, timespan, double: docs.microsoft.com/­en-us/­azure/­kusto/­query/­scalar-data-typesyes infostring, binary, float, bool, date, geometryyes
XML support infoSome form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.noyesnono
Secondary indexesrestrictedall fields are automatically indexedyesyes
SQL infoSupport of SQLyes infodoes not fully support an SQL-standardKusto Query Language (KQL), SQL subsetnoyes
APIs and other access methodsJDBC
ODBC
Microsoft SQL Server communication protocol (MS-TDS)
RESTful HTTP API
JDBC
ODBC
Supported programming languagesAll languages supporting JDBC/ODBC.Net
Go
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
PowerShell
Python
R
C infocommunity-supported driver
C# infocommunity-supported driver
C++ infocommunity-supported driver
Clojure infocommunity-supported driver
Dart infocommunity-supported driver
Erlang infocommunity-supported driver
Go infocommunity-supported driver
Haskell infocommunity-supported driver
Java infoofficial driver
JavaScript (Node.js) infoofficial driver
Lisp infocommunity-supported driver
Lua infocommunity-supported driver
Objective-C infocommunity-supported driver
Perl infocommunity-supported driver
PHP infocommunity-supported driver
Python infoofficial driver
Ruby infoofficial driver
Scala infocommunity-supported driver
Server-side scripts infoStored proceduresuser defined functions infoin PythonYes, possible languages: KQL, Python, RSQLScript, R
Triggersnoyes infosee docs.microsoft.com/­en-us/­azure/­kusto/­management/­updatepolicyClient-side triggers through changefeedsyes
Partitioning methods infoMethods for storing different data on different nodesShardingSharding infoImplicit feature of the cloud serviceSharding inforange basedyes
Replication methods infoMethods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodesyesyes infoImplicit feature of the cloud service. Replication either local, cross-facility or geo-redundant.Source-replica replicationyes
MapReduce infoOffers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methodsnoSpark connector (open source): github.com/­Azure/­azure-kusto-sparkyesno
Consistency concepts infoMethods to ensure consistency in a distributed systemImmediate ConsistencyEventual Consistency
Immediate Consistency
Immediate ConsistencyImmediate Consistency
Foreign keys infoReferential integrityyes infoinformational only, not enforced by the systemnonoyes
Transaction concepts infoSupport to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of dataACIDnoAtomic single-document operationsACID
Concurrency infoSupport for concurrent manipulation of datayesyesyes infoMVCC basedyes
Durability infoSupport for making data persistentyesyesyesyes
In-memory capabilities infoIs there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.yesnonoyes
User concepts infoAccess controlfine grained access rights according to SQL-standardAzure Active Directory Authenticationyes infousers and table-level permissionsyes

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More resources
Amazon RedshiftMicrosoft Azure Data ExplorerRethinkDBSAP HANA
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