DBMS > Amazon Redshift vs. Microsoft Azure AI Search vs. Microsoft Azure Synapse Analytics vs. Postgres-XL vs. Stardog

System Properties Comparison Amazon Redshift vs. Microsoft Azure AI Search vs. Microsoft Azure Synapse Analytics vs. Postgres-XL vs. Stardog

Editorial information provided by DB-Engines

Name

Description

Large scale data warehouse service for use with business intelligence tools

Search-as-a-service for web and mobile app development

Elastic, large scale data warehouse service leveraging the broad eco-system of SQL Server

Based on PostgreSQL enhanced with MPP and write-scale-out cluster features

Enterprise Knowledge Graph platform and graph DBMS with high availability, high performance reasoning, and virtualization

Primary database model

Secondary database models

Vector DBMS

Document store
Spatial DBMS

DB-Engines Ranking measures the popularity of database management systems
Trend Chart

Score	15.25
Rank	#38	Overall
	#23	Relational DBMS

Score	5.75
Rank	#58	Overall
	#7	Search engines

Score	18.98
Rank	#31	Overall
	#19	Relational DBMS

Score	0.43
Rank	#260	Overall
	#119	Relational DBMS

Score	1.93
Rank	#121	Overall
	#10	Graph DBMS
	#6	RDF stores

Website

aws.amazon.com/redshift

azure.microsoft.com/en-us/services/search

azure.microsoft.com/services/synapse-analytics

www.postgres-xl.org

www.stardog.com

Technical documentation

docs.aws.amazon.com/redshift

learn.microsoft.com/en-us/azure/search

docs.microsoft.com/azure/synapse-analytics

www.postgres-xl.org/documentation

docs.stardog.com

Developer

Amazon (based on PostgreSQL)

Microsoft

Stardog-Union

Initial release

2012

2015

2016

2014

since 2012, originally named StormDB

2010

Current release

10 R1, October 2018

7.3.0, May 2020

License

Commercial or Open Source

commercial

Open Source

Mozilla public license

commercial

60-day fully-featured trial license; 1-year fully-featured non-commercial use license for academics/students

Cloud-based only

Only available as a cloud service

yes

DBaaS offerings (sponsored links)

Database as a Service

Providers of DBaaS offerings, please contact us to be listed.

Implementation language

C++

Java

Server operating systems

hosted

Linux
macOS

Linux
macOS
Windows

Data scheme

yes

schema-free and OWL/RDFS-schema support

Typing

predefined data types such as float or date

yes

XML support

Some form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.

yes

XML type, but no XML query functionality

Import/export of XML data possible

Secondary indexes

restricted

yes

supports real-time indexing in full-text and geospatial

SQL

Support of SQL

yes

does not fully support an SQL-standard

yes

distributed, parallel query execution

Yes, compatible with all major SQL variants through dedicated BI/SQL Server

APIs and other access methods

JDBC
ODBC

RESTful HTTP API

ADO.NET
JDBC
ODBC

ADO.NET
JDBC
native C library
ODBC
streaming API for large objects

GraphQL query language
HTTP API
Jena RDF API
OWL
RDF4J API
Sesame REST HTTP Protocol
SNARL
SPARQL
Spring Data
Stardog Studio
TinkerPop 3

Supported programming languages

All languages supporting JDBC/ODBC

C#
Java
JavaScript
Python

C#
Java
PHP

.Net
C
C++
Delphi
Erlang
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
Perl
PHP
Python
Tcl

.Net
Clojure
Groovy
Java
JavaScript
Python
Ruby

Server-side scripts

Stored procedures

user defined functions

in Python

Transact SQL

user defined functions

user defined functions and aggregates, HTTP Server extensions in Java

Triggers

yes

via event handlers

Partitioning methods

Methods for storing different data on different nodes

Sharding

Implicit feature of the cloud service

Sharding, horizontal partitioning

horizontal partitioning

none

Replication methods

Methods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodes

yes

Implicit feature of the cloud service

yes

Multi-source replication in HA-Cluster

MapReduce

Offers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methods

Consistency concepts

Methods to ensure consistency in a distributed system

Immediate Consistency

Immediate Consistency in HA-Cluster

Foreign keys

Referential integrity

yes

informational only, not enforced by the system

docs.microsoft.com/en-us/azure/synapse-analytics/sql-data-warehouse/sql-data-warehouse-table-constraints

yes

relationships in graphs

Transaction concepts

Support to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of data

ACID

MVCC

ACID

Concurrency

Support for concurrent manipulation of data

yes

Durability

Support for making data persistent

yes

In-memory capabilities

Is there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.

yes

User concepts

Access control

fine grained access rights according to SQL-standard

yes

using Azure authentication

yes

fine grained access rights according to SQL-standard

Access rights for users and roles

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