DBMS > Amazon Redshift vs. Hive vs. Microsoft Azure Table Storage vs. Spark SQL

System Properties Comparison Amazon Redshift vs. Hive vs. Microsoft Azure Table Storage vs. Spark SQL

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Editorial information provided by DB-Engines

Name

Description

Large scale data warehouse service for use with business intelligence tools

data warehouse software for querying and managing large distributed datasets, built on Hadoop

A Wide Column Store for rapid development using massive semi-structured datasets

Spark SQL is a component on top of 'Spark Core' for structured data processing

Primary database model

Relational DBMS

Wide column store

Relational DBMS

DB-Engines Ranking measures the popularity of database management systems
Trend Chart

Score	17.94
Rank	#34	Overall
	#21	Relational DBMS

Score	61.17
Rank	#18	Overall
	#12	Relational DBMS

Score	4.48
Rank	#75	Overall
	#6	Wide column stores

Score	18.96
Rank	#33	Overall
	#20	Relational DBMS

Website

aws.amazon.com/redshift

hive.apache.org

azure.microsoft.com/en-us/services/storage/tables

spark.apache.org/sql

Technical documentation

docs.aws.amazon.com/redshift

cwiki.apache.org/confluence/display/Hive/Home

spark.apache.org/docs/latest/sql-programming-guide.html

Developer

Amazon (based on PostgreSQL)

Apache Software Foundation

initially developed by Facebook

Microsoft

Apache Software Foundation

Initial release

2012

2014

Current release

3.1.3, April 2022

3.5.0 ( 2.13), September 2023

License

Commercial or Open Source

commercial

Open Source

Apache Version 2

commercial

Open Source

Apache 2.0

Cloud-based only

Only available as a cloud service

yes

DBaaS offerings (sponsored links)

Database as a Service

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Implementation language

Java

Scala

Server operating systems

hosted

All OS with a Java VM

hosted

Linux
OS X
Windows

Data scheme

yes

schema-free

yes

Typing

predefined data types such as float or date

yes

XML support

Some form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.

Secondary indexes

restricted

yes

SQL

Support of SQL

yes

does not fully support an SQL-standard

SQL-like DML and DDL statements

APIs and other access methods

JDBC
ODBC

JDBC
ODBC
Thrift

RESTful HTTP API

JDBC
ODBC

Supported programming languages

All languages supporting JDBC/ODBC

C++
Java
PHP
Python

.Net
C#
C++
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
PHP
Python
Ruby

Java
Python
R
Scala

Server-side scripts

Stored procedures

user defined functions

in Python

yes

user defined functions and integration of map-reduce

Triggers

Partitioning methods

Methods for storing different data on different nodes

Sharding

Implicit feature of the cloud service

yes, utilizing Spark Core

Replication methods

Methods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodes

yes

selectable replication factor

yes

implicit feature of the cloud service. Replication either local, cross-facility or geo-redundant.

none

MapReduce

Offers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methods

yes

query execution via MapReduce

Consistency concepts

Methods to ensure consistency in a distributed system

Immediate Consistency

Eventual Consistency

Immediate Consistency

Foreign keys

Referential integrity

yes

informational only, not enforced by the system

Transaction concepts

Support to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of data

ACID

optimistic locking

Concurrency

Support for concurrent manipulation of data

yes

Durability

Support for making data persistent

yes

In-memory capabilities

Is there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.

yes

User concepts

Access control

fine grained access rights according to SQL-standard

Access rights for users, groups and roles

Access rights based on private key authentication or shared access signatures

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