DBMS > Amazon Redshift vs. GraphDB vs. OpenSearch vs. TigerGraph vs. TinkerGraph

System Properties Comparison Amazon Redshift vs. GraphDB vs. OpenSearch vs. TigerGraph vs. TinkerGraph

Editorial information provided by DB-Engines

Name

Description

Large scale data warehouse service for use with business intelligence tools

Enterprise-ready RDF and graph database with efficient reasoning, cluster and external index synchronization support. It supports also SQL JDBC access to Knowledge Graph and GraphQL over SPARQL.

A distributed, RESTful search and analytics engine forked from Elasticsearch and based on Apache Lucene

A complete, distributed, parallel graph computing platform supporting web-scale data analytics in real-time

A lightweight, in-memory graph engine that serves as a reference implementation of the TinkerPop3 API

Primary database model

Secondary database models

Vector DBMS

DB-Engines Ranking measures the popularity of database management systems
Trend Chart

Score	17.94
Rank	#34	Overall
	#21	Relational DBMS

Score	3.32
Rank	#91	Overall
	#6	Graph DBMS
	#4	RDF stores

Score	16.36
Rank	#37	Overall
	#4	Search engines

Score	1.83
Rank	#139	Overall
	#13	Graph DBMS

Score	0.08
Rank	#348	Overall
	#35	Graph DBMS

Website

aws.amazon.com/redshift

www.ontotext.com

github.com/opensearch-project
opensearch.org

www.tigergraph.com

tinkerpop.apache.org/docs/current/reference/#tinkergraph-gremlin

Technical documentation

docs.aws.amazon.com/redshift

graphdb.ontotext.com/documentation

opensearch.org/docs/latest

docs.tigergraph.com

Social network pages

Developer

Amazon (based on PostgreSQL)

Ontotext

Amazon Web Services

Initial release

2012

2000

2021

2017

2009

Current release

10.4, October 2023

2.5.0, January 2023

License

Commercial or Open Source

commercial

Some plugins of GraphDB Workbench are open sourced

Open Source

Apache Version 2.0

commercial

Open Source

Apache 2.0

Cloud-based only

Only available as a cloud service

yes

DBaaS offerings (sponsored links)

Database as a Service

Providers of DBaaS offerings, please contact us to be listed.

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Implementation language

Java

C++

Java

Server operating systems

hosted

All OS with a Java VM
Linux
OS X
Windows

All OS with a Java VM

Linux

Data scheme

yes

schema-free and OWL/RDFS-schema support; RDF shapes

schema-free

Flexible type definitions. Once a type is defined, it is persistent

yes

schema-free

Typing

predefined data types such as float or date

yes

XML support

Some form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.

Secondary indexes

restricted

yes, supports real-time synchronization and indexing in SOLR/Elastic search/Lucene and GeoSPARQL geometry data indexes

yes

All search fields are automatically indexed

SQL

Support of SQL

yes

does not fully support an SQL-standard

stored SPARQL accessed as SQL using Apache Calcite through JDBC/ODBC

SQL-like query language

SQL-like query language (GSQL)

APIs and other access methods

JDBC
ODBC

GeoSPARQL
GraphQL
GraphQL Federation
Java API
JDBC
RDF4J API
RDFS
RIO
Sail API
Sesame REST HTTP Protocol
SPARQL 1.1

Java API
RESTful HTTP/JSON API

GSQL (TigerGraph Query Language)
Kafka
RESTful HTTP/JSON API

TinkerPop 3

Supported programming languages

All languages supporting JDBC/ODBC

.Net
C#
Clojure
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
PHP
Python
Ruby
Scala

Go
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
PHP
Python
Ruby

Elasticsearch client

C++
Java

Groovy
Java

Server-side scripts

Stored procedures

user defined functions

in Python

well-defined plugin interfaces; JavaScript server-side extensibility

yes

Triggers

yes

by using the 'percolation' feature

Partitioning methods

Methods for storing different data on different nodes

Sharding

none

Sharding

none

Replication methods

Methods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodes

yes

Multi-source replication

yes

none

MapReduce

Offers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methods

yes

Consistency concepts

Methods to ensure consistency in a distributed system

Immediate Consistency

Immediate Consistency, Eventual consistency (configurable in cluster mode per master or individual client request)

Eventual Consistency

Synchronous doc based replication. Get by ID may show delays up to 1 sec. Configurable write consistency: one, quorum, all

none

Foreign keys

Referential integrity

yes

informational only, not enforced by the system

yes

Constraint checking

yes

Relationships in graphs

yes

Relationships in graphs

Transaction concepts

Support to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of data

ACID

Concurrency

Support for concurrent manipulation of data

yes

Durability

Support for making data persistent

yes

optional

In-memory capabilities

Is there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.

yes

User concepts

Access control

fine grained access rights according to SQL-standard

Default Basic authentication through RDF4J client, or via Java when run with cURL, default token-based in the Workbench or via Rest API, optional access through OpenID or Kerberos single sign-on.

Role-based access control

More information provided by the system vendor

Specific characteristics

Ontotext GraphDB is a semantic database engine that allows organizations to build...
» more

OpenSearch is a highly scalable and extensible open-source software suite for search,...
» more

Competitive advantages

GraphDB allows you to link text and data in big knowledge graphs. It’s easy to experiment...
» more

Distributed as fully open source under Apache License, Version 2.0 (ALv2), OpenSearch...
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Typical application scenarios

Metadata enrichment and management, linked data publishing, semantic inferencing...
» more

The OpenSearch platform is used across a broad range of search , analytics, and observability...
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Key customers

GraphDB provides a platform for building next-generation AI and Knowledge Graph...
» more

Market metrics

GraphDB is the most utilized semantic triplestore for mission-critical enterprise...
» more

Licensing and pricing models

GraphDB Free is a non-commercial version and is free to use. GraphDB Enterprise edition...
» more

The OpenSearch Project offers open source software licensed under Apache License...
» more

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